An Analysis of the Shape and Propagation of Waves on the Flagellum of Crithidia Oncopelti

1979 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 299-315
Author(s):  
D. N. JOHNSTON ◽  
N. R. SILVESTER ◽  
M. E. J. HOLWILL
Keyword(s):  
Back Projection ◽  
Active Process ◽  
Automatic Data ◽  
Circular Arcs ◽  
Fourier Series Method ◽  
Dark Ground ◽  
Propagation Of Waves ◽  
Straight Lines ◽  
Best Fit ◽  
Automatic Data Acquisition

Ciné micrographs were taken of the flagellated protozoan Crithidia oncopelti under dark-ground illumination. Coordinates of images of the flagella were obtained from the ciné frames by back-projection and automatic data acquisition. The flagellar waveforms of proximally directed waves were characterized using a Fourier-series method and compared by this means with a number of analytical curves. The shape of a wave remained constant as it was propagated and, of the curves suggested, a wave consisting of circular arcs connected by straight lines gave the best fit. The variation of bend curvature as bends moved along the flagellum was also found, for both proximally and distally directed waves. The wavelengths and speeds of proximally directed waves increased linearly with distance as they approached the base of the flagellum, while in distally directed bends the curvature remained constant but the velocity increased as bends moved away from the base. Causes of the above behaviour are discussed and it is concluded from the variation of curvature with time for proximally directed flagellar waves that unbending must be an active process.

Key Technologies of the Embedded Deformation Measuring Control System Based on SOPC

2014 ◽  
Vol 644-650 ◽  
pp. 773-776
Author(s):  
Qiu Hong Song
Keyword(s):  
Deformation Measurement ◽  
Control Mode ◽  
Precision Engineering ◽  
Automatic Data ◽  
Industrial Buildings ◽  
The Status ◽  
Rock Mass Deformation ◽  
Crust Deformation ◽  
Measuring Control ◽  
Automatic Data Acquisition

Deformation measurement is an important content of engineering surveying and the main objects of the deformation measurement are civilians, industrial buildings, precision engineering, large dam, bridge and the earth's crust deformation of rock mass. Deformation measurement aims to obtain the deformation data in the process of displacement deformation, and to get the deformation of the status, trend and possible results through the analysis of these data. The existing automatable solution for measuring the deformation all adopt the 3-dimension displacement test, which based on high precision total station, unattended, automatic data acquisition and transmission control mode.

Automatic data acquisition using a kinematic surveying system

1995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Hock ◽  
W. Caspary ◽  
H. Heister ◽  
J. Klemm ◽  
H. Sternberg
Keyword(s):  
Data Acquisition ◽  
Automatic Data ◽  
Automatic Data Acquisition

Optimal Design of Computerized Flat Knitting Machine Cam Curves Based on UG and ANSYS/LS-DYNA

2014 ◽  
Vol 529 ◽  
pp. 410-414
Author(s):  
Cang Zhao ◽  
Guang Li Song ◽  
Lei Xu
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Optimal Design ◽  
Dynamic Analysis ◽  
Maximum Stress ◽  
Analysis Software ◽  
Forming Process ◽  
Polynomial Curve ◽  
Circular Arcs ◽  
Design Software ◽  
Straight Lines

By combining the industrial design software UG and finite element dynamic analysis software ANSYS/LS-DYNA, the paper respectively designs the non-linear knitting cams with polynomial curves, and simulates the loop-forming process in the interaction between the cams and needles. Based on comparative analyses, it’s thereby concluded that the polynomial curve has the best performance and is significantly superior to the cam curve composed of straight-lines and circular-arcs; the elements with higher stresses are located above the butt of needle jack and the joint of the jack and latch needle; and the polynomial curve is effective in lowering the maximum stress of the needle.

Geometry and respiratory displacement of human ribs

1987 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. 1872-1877 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. A. Wilson ◽  
K. Rehder ◽  
S. Krayer ◽  
E. A. Hoffman ◽  
C. G. Whitney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Geometrical Parameters ◽  
Small Component ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Lung Capacity ◽  
Circular Arcs ◽  
Residual Capacity ◽  
X Ray Computed ◽  
Best Fit ◽  
Bucket Handle

The three-dimensional coordinates of points in the ribs of two supine relaxed males, holding their breath at functional residual capacity (FRC) and with their glottis closed at total lung capacity (TLC), were obtained from volumetric X-ray computed tomographical images. The orientation of planes that best fit the data for each rib at each lung volume and the circular arcs that fit the points in the planes of the ribs were determined, and average values of these geometrical parameters for ribs 3–7 are reported. The planes of the ribs at TLC can be described as displaced from the planes at FRC by a rotation about an axis that passes near the spine. The pump handle and bucket handle components of rotation are 11 and 13 degrees, respectively, for rib 3 and both decrease with increasing rib number to 7 and 10 degrees at rib 7. The angles between the axes of rotation and the midplane are approximately 35 degrees for all 5 ribs. The radii of the circular arcs fit to the data at TLC are slightly larger than those at FRC, and this suggests that there is a small component of rotation normal to the plane of the rib.

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