Electron microprobe and ion-selective microelectrode studies of fluid secretion in the salivary glands of Calliphora

1978 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 261-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
BL Gupta ◽  
MJ Berridge ◽  
TA Hall ◽  
RB Moreton
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Electron Microprobe ◽  
Fluid Secretion

Studies on the mechanism of fluid secretion by isolated salivary glands of Calliphora

1976 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 311-322
Author(s):  
M. J. Berridge ◽  
B. D. Lindley ◽  
W. T. Prince
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Apical Membrane ◽  
Potassium Concentration ◽  
Basal Membrane ◽  
Fluid Secretion ◽  
Sodium Permeability ◽  
Bathing Medium ◽  
Major Cation ◽  
Diuretic Agent ◽  
External Potassium

1. Potassium is the major cation in the secretion of the salivary glands of Calliphora and is necessary for full secretory rates. 2. Other ions (rubidium and sodium) can support secretion in the absence of potassium. 39. During stimulation with 5-HT a Nernst plot of the basal membrane potential has a slope of 53 mV for a tenfold change in external potassium concentration and the slope at rest deviates from this over the range I-20 mM external potassium. 4. Hyperpolarization of the basal membrane by 5-HT is abolished if the chloride in the bathing medium is replaced by isethionate. 5. The diuretic agent amiloride inhibits fluid secretion by a mechanism which may include a reduction in calcium entry in addition to its recognized effect on sodium permeability. 6. A model is proposed in which fluid secretion is driven by the active transport of potassium across the apical membrane with chloride following passively.

The Effects Of Derivatives Of Adenosine 3',5'-Monophosphate On Fluid Secretion By The Salivary Glands Of Calliphora

1973 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 595-606
Author(s):  
M. J. BERRIDGE
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Amp ◽  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Cyclic Nucleotides ◽  
Fluid Secretion ◽  
Receptor Interaction ◽  
Base Region ◽  
Adenine Ring ◽  
Derivatives Of ◽  
Ribose Sugar

1. The nature of the cyclic AMP-receptor interaction was analysed by testing a range of cyclic nucleotides on the isolated salivary glands of adult blowflies. 2. All compounds containing modifications in the region of ribose or the phosphate ring were inactive. One compound, adenosine 3',5'-phosphorothioate, appeared to compete with cyclic AMP. 3. A number of nucleotides with alterations restricted to the base region of the molecule could stimulate secretion equally as well as cyclic AMP. 4. These observations indicate that during the action of cyclic AMP the phosphate ring and ribose sugar are critical whereas the adenine ring plays a relatively unspecific role.

Fluid secretion by isolated tick salivary glands dependent on an intact cytoskeleton

1994 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 563-567 ◽  
Author(s):  
William J. Lamoreaux ◽  
Glen R. Needham ◽  
Lewis B. Coons
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Fluid Secretion ◽  
Tick Salivary Glands

Properties of Na, K-ATPase from the salivary glands of the ixodid tick Amblyomma hebraeum

1980 ◽  
Vol 58 (6) ◽  
pp. 1052-1059 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Rutti ◽  
B. Schlunegger ◽  
W. Kaufman ◽  
A. Aeschlimann
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Fluid Secretion ◽  
Ixodid Tick ◽  
Rich Source ◽  
Amblyomma Hebraeum ◽  
Fundamental Properties ◽  
High Concentrations

Tick (Amblyomma hebraeum) salivary glands are a rich source of Na,K-ATPase (EC 3.6.1.3), the fundamental properties of which are similar to those of Na,K-ATPases from other sources. Inhibition of the enzyme by ouabain is quantitatively similar to the inhibition of fluid secretion by this drug. Harmaline at high concentrations also inhibited the Na,K-ATPase. The nucleotides GTP, ITP, and UTP were utilized as substrates, but all were less effective than ATP. Noradrenaline, dopamine, and phenoxybenzamine, all at concentrations known to influence fluid secretion in vitro, had no effect on enzyme activity.

The influence of various factors on fluid secretion by in vitro salivary glands of ixodid Ticks

1976 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 727-742
Author(s):  
W. Kaufman
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Gland ◽  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Fluid Secretion ◽  
Ixodid Tick ◽  
Ixodid Ticks ◽  
Mammalian Tissue ◽  
Stimulating Factor

1. Salivary glands of the female ixodid tick, Dermacentor andersoni, secrete fluid in vitro when bathed in a slightly modified version of the mammalian tissue culture medium ‘TC 199′. 2. Rate of salivation in vitro increases with progression of feeding, but there is no comparable increase in dry weight of the salivary glands during the early phase of engorgement. Engorged ticks secreted at only 25% the rate of 90–250 mg ticks, indicating that salivary gland degeneration has already begun in the very early post-engorgement stage. 3. A salivary gland stimulating factor can be detected in the nervous system but not in other tissues. 4. Male salivary glands secrete at only 1/20th the rate of female glands. Thus males probably do not use their salivary glands as osmoregulatory organs. 5. From the uniform lack of response to ACh and uniform response to DA in 7 ixodid tick species, it is suggested that the control of salivation is similar throughout the ixodid family.

The Morphology and Physiology of the Salivary Glands of Hemiptera-Heteroptera

1941 ◽  
Vol s2-83 (329) ◽  
pp. 91-139
Author(s):  
B. A. BAPTIST
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Digestive Enzymes ◽  
Fluid Secretion ◽  
Accessory Gland ◽  
Glandular Epithelium ◽  
Small Cells ◽  
Zymogen Granules ◽  
Accessory Glands ◽  
Blood Sucking ◽  
Axial Canal

The salivary glands of the Heteroptera consist of a pair of primarily bilobed principal glands and accessory glands which vary very greatly in form and structure in different families. The glands are usually supplied with tracheae, and the principal glands are invested by a nervous plexus which is supplied by a glandular nerve from the hypocerebral ganglion of the stomatogastric system. The principal salivary gland of Notonecta is characterized by the presence of large cells having zymogen granules and by the storage of fluid secretion in vacuoles. In contrast, most of the remaining Heteropteran salivary glands belong to the vesicular type, having a one-layered glandular epithelium made up of small cells which discharge their secretion into a large central storage cavity or axial canal. This type of gland lacks zymogen granules but has small dense masses of reserve material in the basal or outer parts of the cells. There is normally no difference in the structure of the glandular epithelium in the different lobes. The accessory glands are either in the form of a thin-walled bladder-like vesicle, or are tubular or duct-like; they seem to be purely a development of the primary conducting glandular system, and are thus homologous with the salivary reservoir of other orders. All the information obtained in this work is strongly against the idea that the various lobes of Hemipterous salivary glands produce widely different chemical substances, each with a special function. The results obtained by Fauré-Fremiet have not been confirmed. Except with blood-sucking forms digestive enzymes were always found in the glands, two enzymes being the maximum number found in any particular gland. The enzymes were found to be always related to the type of food consumed, and were those concerned with the digestion of that particular component of the food which was present in the greatest proportion. In no case was a cellulase found. An anti-coagulant principle was found to be present in the glands of blood-sucking forms. The accessory glands appear to produce only a watery secretion, enzymes being absent. The pH of the principal gland is generally slightly acid, while that of the accessory gland is neutral. Mitochondria and Golgi bodies typical of insect tissue are present in certain glands, but show no relation to the secretion granules, and thus do not appear to contribute to secretion synthesis. From a number of experiments it appears that the action of the digestive enzymes is not sufficiently rapid for external digestion to take place to any great extent. It seems, however, certain that quite an appreciable quantity of the injected saliva is imbibed again, and that the salivary digestion continues in the stomach, where the food taken in is first stored. The pH activity range of the enzymes is in general wide.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document