Studies on the Glomerular Filtration Rate of Rainbow Trout (Salmo Gairdneri)

1963 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 335-341
Author(s):  
W. N. HOLMES ◽  
R. L. McBEAN
Keyword(s):  
Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Glomerular Filtration ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Salmo Gairdneri ◽  
Detectable Effect ◽  
Control Value ◽  
Renal Tubular Reabsorption ◽  
Renal Tubular

1. Variations in the glomerular filtration rate (G.F.R.) and the renal tubular reabsorption of water are probably important factors in the homoiostatic mechanisms associated with the euryhalinity of the rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri). 2. The observed reduction in urine flow after the adaptation of rainbow trout to sea water can be largely accounted for on the basis of the reduced G.F.R. 3. Intraperitoneal injections of mammalian preparations of vasopressin, oxytocin and vasopressin/oxytocin into freshwater trout significantly increased the G.F.R. 4. The intraperitoneal injection of aldosterone into freshwater fish had no detectable effect on G.F.R. 5. The similar administration of corticosterone significantly reduced the G.F.R. to 73% of the intact freshwater control value.

scholarly journals Erythropoietin down-regulates proximal renal tubular reabsorption and causes a fall in glomerular filtration rate in humans

2011 ◽  
Vol 589 (6) ◽  
pp. 1273-1281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niels Vidiendal Olsen ◽  
Niels-Jacob Aachmann-Andersen ◽  
Peter Oturai ◽  
Thor Munch-Andersen ◽  
Andreas Bornø ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Glomerular Filtration ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Tubular Reabsorption ◽  
Renal Tubular Reabsorption ◽  
Renal Tubular

Renal Tubular Reabsorption of Inorganic Sulfate in the Dog, as Affected by Glomerular Filtration Rate and Sodium Chloride

1956 ◽  
Vol 185 (3) ◽  
pp. 533-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fredrik Berglund ◽  
William D. Lotspeich
Keyword(s):  
Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Glomerular Filtration ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Chloride Ions ◽  
Tubular Reabsorption ◽  
Glomerular Filtrate ◽  
Renal Tubular Reabsorption ◽  
Renal Tubular ◽  
Inorganic Sulfate

The sulfate Tm varies in the dog directly with the glomerular filtration rate. Sulfate Tm is markedly depressed by the intravenous injection of as little as 0.1 gm sodium chloride/kg body weight. Maximum depression is obtained first 50 minutes after the injection. Xylose, urea and mannitol have no effect on sulfate Tm. The effect of sodium chloride is therefore not due to an osmotic action, but seems to depend on an increased level of sodium or chloride ions in the glomerular filtrate.

Angiotensin and single nephron glomerular function in the trout Salmo gairdneri

1980 ◽  
Vol 239 (5) ◽  
pp. R509-R514 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Brown ◽  
J. A. Oliver ◽  
I. W. Henderson ◽  
B. A. Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Angiotensin Ii ◽  
Glomerular Filtration ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Salmo Gairdneri ◽  
Glomerular Function ◽  
Tubular Lumen ◽  
Single Nephron ◽  
Renal Tubular Transport ◽  
Renal Tubular

Glomerular filtration rate (GFR), urine flow (UV), renal tubular transport maximum for glucose (TMG), and single nephron glomerular filtration rate (SNGFR), determined in anesthetized norepinephrine-infused trout (Salmo gairdneri), were 18.51 +/- 5.78 microliter x min-1 x kg body wt-1, 5.31 +/- 1.38 microliter x min-1 x kg body wt-1, 105.21 +/- 46.84 microgram x min-1 x kg body wt-1, and 3.74 +/- 1.12 nl/min, respectively, when in seawater (SW) and 140.39 +/- 17.24, 76.38 +/- 10.41, 626.16 +/- 77.46, and 1.31 +/- 0.20 in freshwater (FW). Angiotensin II infusions, to reduce UV, GFR, and TMG by 50%, had no effect on the average SNGFR of FW trout, but reduced that of SW fish to 1.42 +/- 0.19 nl/min. Infusions of 20% ferrocyanide, visualized as Prussian blue (PB), identified three glomerular populations: filtering (F) with PB in glomerular vessels and tubular lumen; nonfiltering (NF)--PB in glomerular vessels only; nonperfused (NP)--no PB associated with the nephron. SW and FW kidneys contained about 40% NF tubules. In FW, 45% were F tubules compared with 5% in SW, whereas NP tubules comprised 51% of SW tubules and 13% of FW. During angiotensin II infusions the distributions were 9% and 46% NF in FW and 6% F and 12% NF in SW trout.

Renal Tubular Protein Degradation of Radiolabelled Aprotinin (Trasylol) in Patients with Chronic Renal Failure

1993 ◽  
Vol 85 (6) ◽  
pp. 733-736 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Rustom ◽  
J. S. Grime ◽  
P. Maltby ◽  
H. R. Stockdale ◽  
M. J. Jackson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Glomerular Filtration ◽  
Normal Renal Function ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Renal Uptake ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Renal Tubular

1. The new method developed to measure renal tubular degradation of small filtered proteins in patients with normal renal function, using radio-labelled aprotinin (Trasylol) (R. Rustom, J. S. Grime, P. Maltby, H. R. Stockdale, M. Critchley, J. M. Bone. Clin Sci 1992; 83, 289–94), was evaluated in patients with chronic renal failure. 2. Aprotinin was labelled with either 99mTc (40 MBq) or 131I (0.1 MBq), and injected intravenously in nine patients, with different renal pathologies. 51Cr-EDTA clearance (corrected for height and weight) was 40 + 5.4 (range 11.2-81) ml min−1 1.73 m−2. Activity in plasma and urine was measured over 24–48 h, and chromatography on Sephadex-G-25-M was used to separate labelled aprotinin from free 99mTcO4− or 131I−. Renal uptake was measured for 99mTc-labelled aprotinin only. 3. The volume of distribution was 20.2 + 2.3 litres. Chromatography showed all plasma activity as undegraded aprotinin, and urine activity only as the free labels (99mTcO4− or 131I−). 4. As in patients with normal renal function, activity in the kidney appeared promptly, with 5.7 + 2.5% of the dose detected even at 5 min. Activity rose rapidly to 9.4 + 1.6% of dose after 1.5 h, then more slowly to 15.0 + 0.5% of dose at 4.5 h, and even more slowly thereafter, reaching 24.1 + 2.8% of dose at 24 h. Extra-renal uptake was again insignificant, and both 99mTcO4− and 131I− appeared promptly in the urine, with similar and uniform rates of excretion over 24 h. 5. Both tubular uptake at 24 h and the rate of tubular metabolism over 24 h were lower than in the patients with normal renal function studied previously, but only the rate of tubular metabolism was directly related to the glomerular filtration rate (r = 0.75, P <0.02). 6. Correction for the reduced glomerular filtration rate yielded values for both tubular uptake (0.67 + 0.14 versus 0.32 + 0.03% of dose/ml of glomerular filtration rate, P <0.005), and tubular metabolism (0.033 + 0.07 versus 0.015 + 0.001% of dose h−1 ml−1 of glomerular filtration rate, P <0.005) that were higher by comparison with those for patients with normal renal function studied previously. 7. Fractional renal degradation of 99mTc-aprotinin (in h−1), derived from the mean rate of urinary excretion of the free isotope over a given interval, divided by the mean cumulative kidney uptake over the same interval, also fell steeply early, and then more slowly to 0.07 + 0.01 h−1 at 14.25 h (between 4.5 and 24 h). 8. It is concluded that the method described previously is also suitable in patients with chronic renal failure, allowing further research into renal disease progression.

Effect of Iopentol on Renal Function and its Use for Calculation of Glomerular Filtration Rate in Children

1995 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-68
Author(s):  
G. Stake ◽  
T. Monclair ◽  
K. J. Berg ◽  
K. Rootwelt ◽  
O. Brekke
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Glomerular Filtration ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Diagnostic Yield ◽  
Clinical Importance ◽  
Ionic Contrast ◽  
Urine Concentrations ◽  
Ionic Contrast Medium ◽  
Renal Tubular

Nineteen children received 99mTc-DTPA for renography. The next day they received a simultaneous injection of the non-ionic contrast medium iopentol for urography and another injection of 99mTc-DTPA. The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was estimated from the plasma elimination of 99mTc-DTPA as well as iopentol. Serum concentrations of creatinine and β2-microglobulin, and urine concentrations of creatinine, β2-microglobulin, alkaline phosphatase, N-acetyl-glucosaminidase, and albumin were determined. A significant reduction (12 ± 3%) of GFR was observed after the injection of iopentol, without a subsequent rise in serum creatinine or β2-microglobulin. The urinary excretion of albumin and β2-microglobulin remained unchanged, while the excretion of alkaline phosphatase and N-acetyl-glucosaminidase was significantly increased after the urography, indicating some tubular effects of iopentol. Iopentol caused few and mild adverse events, the diagnostic yield was high, and the small changes in the renal tubular function parameters are presumed to be without clinical importance. The observed depressive effect on the GFR demands further investigations before iopentol can be recommended as a GFR-marker in children.

Feed intake, digestion, and renal function in Merino sheep selected for higher clean fleece weight

1998 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 107 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. J. Faichney ◽  
R. J. Welch ◽  
G. H. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Glomerular Filtration ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Control Line ◽  
Urea Synthesis ◽  
Feed Digestibility ◽  
Fleece Weight ◽  
Renal Tubular

Two-year-old ewes from 2 Merino lines selected for higher clean fleece weight were compared with their control line when given a lucerne hay diet and a lower quality diet of mixed wheaten and lucerne hays. There were no differences between lines in voluntary feed consumption, feed digestibility, urea synthesis and excretion, or renal function. Voluntary feed consumption, digestibility, urea synthesis and excretion, glomerular filtration rate, and urea and creatinine clearances were higher on the higher quality lucerne hay diet; renal tubular function was not affected by diet. Water intake was higher in the selection lines; consequently, these sheep produced more of a less concentrated urine. The renal clearance of endogenous true creatinine was significantly greater than the glomerular filtration rate, indicating that creatinine was secreted in the kidney tubules. The results support the conclusion that differences between selection lines in physiological parameters not directly associated with wool follicle function are unlikely to be consistent enough to be useful predictors of genetic merit for fleece weight.

Abstract 524: Renal Hemodynamic and Excretory Responses to Infusion of Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor, Imatinib in Anesthetized Mice

Hypertension ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 64 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Castillo ◽  
Philip Kadowitz ◽  
Dewan S Majid
Keyword(s):  
Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Tyrosine Kinase ◽  
Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor ◽  
Glomerular Filtration ◽  
Tyrosine Kinases ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Kinase Inhibitor ◽  
Excretory Function ◽  
Control Value ◽  
Constitutively Active

Systemic administration of a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, imatinib has been shown to have potent vasodilator activity in pulmonary and systemic vascular beds in rats. Chronic treatment with imatinib was also shown to cause marked attenuation of the renal injury in AngII induced hypertensive rats. However, the involvement of tyrosine kinases in the regulation of renal hemodynamics and excretory function is not yet clearly defined. To examine the role of constitutively active tyrosine kinases in the kidney, we have examined the renal effects of intravenous infusion of imatinib mesylate (Novartis Pharma, AG, Basel, Switzerland) at incremental doses (0.02, 0.2 and 2 mg/min/kg bw) as well as its interaction with nitric oxide (NO) activity in anesthetized mice. Systemic blood pressure (SBP) was recorded from a cannula placed in the left carotid artery. Renal blood flow (RBF) and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) were measured by renal clearances of PAH and inulin respectively. From a control SBP value of 91 ± 3 mmHg in one group of mice (n=5), imatinib caused minimal changes in SBP at lower doses (87 ± 4 and 86 ± 5mmHg; n=5) but caused significant reduction (75 ± 4 mmHg; P<0.01) at the highest dose. During infusion of imatinib doses, there were no significant changes in RBF (from control value of 9.2 ± 0.9 to 9.2 ± 1.1, 9.9 ± 1.8 and 8.7 ± 2.2 mL/min/g kw respectively), but interestingly, there were dose-depended reductions in GFR (from a control value of 1.8 ± 0.2 to 1.7 ± 0.3, 1.5 ± 0.3, and 1.1 ± 0.3 mmHg). However, only at the highest dose, there were significant reductions in urine flow (from 6.5 ± 0.9 to 4.6 ± 0.5 μL/min/g) and sodium excretion (from 0.42 ± 0.09 to 0.17 ± 0.03 μmol/min/g) but not in fractional excretion of sodium (0.16 ± 0.04 to 0.13 ± 0.04 % ) indicating that the excretory changes were mostly dependent on hemodynamic changes. It is also observed that the usual responses (reductions in RBF, GFR etc) to the infusion of NO synthase inhibitor, nitro-L-arginine (L-NAME; 200mg/min/kg) remain intact in mice (separate group; n=5) pretreated with imatinib (0.2 mg/min/kg). These data suggest that a constitutively active tyrosine kinase pathway plays a regulatory role in maintaining glomerular filtration rate and excretory function in the kidney which seems independent of NO activity.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document