Effect of Dissolved Oxygen Concentrations on the Toxicity of Several Poisons to Rainbow Trout (Salmo Gairdnerii Richardson)

1961 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 447-455
Author(s):  
R. LLOYD
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Concentration ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen Concentration ◽  
Low Oxygen ◽  
Copper Salts ◽  
Respiratory Flow ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Oxygen Concentrations

1. A given reduction in the dissolved oxygen concentration of the water from the air-saturation value to a lower level increases the toxicity to rainbow trout of zinc, lead and copper salts, and of a mixture of monohydric phenols, to about the same extent. 2. The effect of a reduced oxygen concentration on the toxicity of ammonia solutions is greater than that found for the other four poisons; the extra increase can be accounted for by a theoretical calculation of the difference between the pH value of the bulk of the solution and that at the gill surface. 3. An hypothesis is presented to account for the effect of low oxygen concentrations on the toxicity of poisons to fish. It assumes that a given toxic effect is produced by a specified concentration of poison at the gill surface, and suggests that this concentration is governed not only by the concentration of poison in the bulk of the solution but also by the velocity of respiratory flow.

scholarly journals Detection of low bottom water oxygen concentrations in the North Sea; implications for monitoring and assessment of ecosystem health

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 8411-8453 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Greenwood ◽  
E. R. Parker ◽  
L. Fernand ◽  
D. B. Sivyer ◽  
K. Weston ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Concentration ◽  
North Sea ◽  
Mixed Layer ◽  
Ecosystem Health ◽  
Bottom Water ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen Concentration ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
Oxygen Concentrations

Abstract. This paper presents new results from high temporal resolution observations over two years (2007 and 2008) from instrumented moorings deployed in the central North Sea, at the Oyster Grounds and on the northern slope of Dogger Bank (North Dogger). The water column was stratified in the summer at both sites, leading to limited exchange of the water in the bottom mixed layer. Data from these moorings revealed the variable nature of summer oxygen depletion at the Oyster Grounds. The combination of in situ and ship-based measurements allowed the physical and biological conditions leading to decreasing dissolved oxygen concentrations in bottom water to be examined. The concentration of dissolved oxygen in the bottom water at both sites was observed to decrease throughout the summer period after the onset of stratification. Depleted dissolved oxygen concentration (6.5 mg l−1, 71% saturation) was measured at the North Dogger, a site which is not significantly influenced by anthropogenic nutrient inputs. Lower oxygen saturation (5.2 mg l−1, 60% saturation) was measured for short durations at the Oyster Grounds. Increasing bottom water temperature accounted for 55% of the decrease in dissolved oxygen concentration at the Oyster Grounds compared to 10% at North Dogger. Dissolved oxygen concentration in bottom water at the Oyster Grounds was shown to be strongly influenced by short term events including storm events and pulses of biomass input. In contrast, dissolved oxygen concentration in bottom water at the North Dogger reflected longer seasonal processes such as gradual temperature increases and a more steady supply of biomass to the bottom mixed layer. The differences between the study sites shows the need for an improved understanding of the mechanisms driving these processes if the use of oxygen in marine management and ensuring ecosystem health is to be meaningful and successful in the future. These observations provide greater understanding of the nature of the depletion in bottom oxygen concentration in the North Sea.

scholarly journals Korelasi Antara Konsentrasi Oksigen Terlarut Pada Kepadatan Yang Berbeda Dengan Skoring Warna Daphnia spp. [Correlation Between Dissolved Oxygen Concentration In Different Densities With Color Scoring Of Daphnia spp.]

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 45 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Shofy Mubarak, Diah Ayu Satyari U, Rahayu Kusdarwati
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Population Density ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Concentration ◽  
Slow Growth ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen Concentration ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Treatment Medium

Abstract Dissolved oxygen is the parameters key of water quality. Low level of dissolved oxygen can affect the function and slow growth, can even cause death to fish in hypoxia condition. The aims of this experiment were to determine the effect of population density of Daphnia spp. of dissolved oxygen concentration and the correlation between dissolved oxygen concentration with color scoring of Daphnia spp. This method was experimental with Completely Randomized Design as experiment design with 6 treatments and 4 replications. The treatment that was given were the differences of Daphnia spp. density that consisted of treatment A (50 individu/200 ml), treatment B (250 individu/200 ml), treatment C (450 individu/200 ml), treatment D (650 individu/200 ml), treatment E (850 individu/200 ml), and treatment F (1050 individu/200 ml). The results showed that the difference of Daphnia spp. density showed highly significant effect of dissolved oxygen concentration of treatment medium (p<0,01). In addition, this experiment also showed that the dissolved oxygen concentration in treatment medium showed negative correlation with color score of Daphnia spp.

scholarly journals Testate amoebae (Amoebozoa: Arcellinidae) as indicators of dissolved oxygen concentration and water depth in lakes of the Lacandón Forest, southern Mexico

2019 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Norma Fernanda Charqueño Celis ◽  
Martin Garibay ◽  
Itzel Sigala ◽  
Mark Brenner ◽  
Paula Echeverria-Galindo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Concentration ◽  
Water Depth ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Testate Amoebae ◽  
Sediment Surface ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Low Oxygen ◽  
Southern Mexico ◽  
Oxygen Concentrations

The ecology of aquatic protists such as testate amoebae is poorly known worldwide, but is almost completely unknown in lakes of the northern Neotropics. To address this knowledge gap, we analyzed testate amoebae (Amoebozoa: Arcellinidae) in lakes of the Lacandón Forest, one of the most biodiverse parts of southern México. We set out to evaluate the diversity of testate amoebae communities and assess whether testate amoebae taxa are reliable indicators of environmental variables dissolved oxygen and water depth. We collected 17 surface sediment samples from a range of water depths in six lakes across the Naha-Metzabok Biosphere Reserve, northeastern Chiapas state. We identified 15 testate amoebae taxa distributed across seven genera. Eleven were identified to species level and four to strain (infra-subspecific level), and taxa were distributed unevenly among samples. Distribution of taxa in samples was related to dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration in the water measured near the sediment surface. Arcella discoides and Centropyxis aculeata strain “aculeata” were the most tolerant of low oxygen concentrations, whereas the other taxa require higher DO levels. The influence of oxygen was also seen at the assemblage level. Sites with low DO concentrations had Shannon Diversity Index (SDI) values <1.5, an indication of stressful ambient conditions. We identified two species assemblage types, which are distinguished by their oxygen concentration requirements. Assemblage 1 was more diverse and possessed species that are intolerant of low oxygen concentrations, whereas Assemblage 2 possessed fewer, rarer, opportunistic species that tolerate stressful conditions. Low oxygen concentrations are related to water depth and the combination of these two variables is important in determining the composition of testate amoebae assemblages in Lacandón Forest lakes. Quantitative relationships between testate amoebae assemblages and water depth will enable use of sedimented amoebae remains for paleolimnological inference of past water level changes in lakes of the Lacandón Forest.

The Influence of Dissolved Oxygen Concentration on the Toxicity of Potassium Cyanide to Rainbow Trout

1954 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-164
Author(s):  
KATHLEEN M. DOWNING
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Survival Time ◽  
Oxygen Concentration ◽  
Potassium Cyanide ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen Concentration ◽  
Survival Times ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Log Normal

1. Survival times of rainbow trout in concentrations of potassium cyanide in the range 0.105-0.155 p.p.m. cyanide increased with increase in dissolved oxygen concentration between 10 and 100 % of air saturation value, the effect being most marked with the lowest concentration of cyanide. 2. The rate of increase of survival time with increasing concentration of oxygen did not appear to fall off as air saturation value was approached. 3. The distributions of survival times which had median values of 3.3 min. or less were approximately normal, and those with median values of 13.0 min. or more were approximately log-normal.

Effect of Physicochemical Variables on Algal Autoflotation

1992 ◽  
Vol 26 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 1769-1778 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.-I. Lee ◽  
B. Koopman ◽  
E. P. Lincoln
Keyword(s):  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Concentration ◽  
Retention Time ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen Concentration ◽  
Physicochemical Variables ◽  
Rise Rate ◽  
Mixing Intensity ◽  
Maximum Rise

Combined chemical flocculation and autoflotation were examined using pilot scale process with chitosan and alum as flocculants. Positive correlation was observed between dissolved oxygen concentration and rise rate. Rise rate depended entirely on the autoflotation parameters: mixing intensity, retention time, and flocculant contact time. Also, rise rate was influenced by the type of flocculant used. The maximum rise rate with alum was observed to be 70 m/h, whereas that with chitosan was approximately 420 m/h. The efficiency of the flocculation-autoflotation process was superior to that of the flocculation-sedimentation process.

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