scholarly journals The Effects of High Temperatures on Roach (Rutilus Rutilus)

1959 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 217-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANTHONY W. COCKING
Keyword(s):  
Gall Bladder ◽  
High Temperatures ◽  
Temperature Rise ◽  
Rutilus Rutilus ◽  
The Body ◽  
Roach Rutilus Rutilus ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Lethal Temperatures

1. When roach were acclimatized to 20°C. and then subjected to five constant rates of temperature rise, the range of death temperatures depended on the interaction between the opportunity for acclimatization and the exposure to lethal temperatures. 2. At 1/20°C. an hour rise in temperature, roach acclimatized fully, died over the longest temperature range (30.3-35.8°C.) had the highest mean death temperature (32.9°C.) and died over a disproportionate length of time (up to 88 hr.) when compared with other rates. The death temperature range at 1/10° C. an hour was30.8-32.0° C. (mean 31.4°C.) and at 8/10°C. an hour was 31.5 to 32.9°C. (mean 32.9° C.). 3. Roach cannot acclimatize fully at rates faster than 1/20° C. an hour though some acclimatization takes place at a rate of 8/10° C. an hour. 4. Roach excrete more ammonia as the temperature rises but the increase depends on the rate of temperature rise and is delayed for up to 240 hr. at 1/20°C. an hour. 5. The behaviour showed characteristic changes. 6. Roach died from the posterior end forwards; the heart was beating and the gall bladder abnormal when the body was opened.

scholarly journals Parasitic protozoans of commercial fishes of the Kura river estuary

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
River Estuary ◽  
Rutilus Rutilus ◽  
The Body ◽  
Ichthyophthirius Multifiliis ◽  
Roach Rutilus Rutilus ◽  
Silurus Glanis ◽  
Development Cycle ◽  
Bream Abramis Brama ◽  
Mineralized Water ◽  
Causative Agents

In 2014–2016 complete parasitological autopsy was used to examine 202 individuals of the Kura River estuary fish, belonging to the following 14 species: Caspian common sprat – Clupeonella delicatula caspia, Caspian shad – Alosa caspia caspia, black-backed shad – A. kessleri kessleri, Caspian roach – Rutilus rutilus caspius, kutum – R. frisii kutum, asp – Aspius aspius taeniatus, Kura shemaya – Chalcalburnus chalcoides, Transcaucasian silver bream – Blicca bjoerkna transcaucasica, bream – Abramis brama orientalis, Caspian vimba – Vimba vimba persa, carp – Cyprinus carpio, catfish – Silurus glanis, pike – Sander lucioperca, perch – Perca fluvistilis. As a result of the research there were found following 21 species of parasitic protozoa belonging to 5 phyla, 7 classes, 7 orders and 8 families: flagellates Trypanosoma carassii, Cryptobia borelli, Costia necatrix, coccidia Eimeria carpelli, microsporidium Pleistophora siluri, myxosporeans Myxobolus bliccae, M. bramae, M. cyprini, M. dispar, M. ellipsoides, M. muelleri, M. musculi, M. oviformis, M. pseudodispar, M. rotundus, infusorians Chilodonella hexasticha, Ch. piscicola, Ichthyophthirius multifiliis, Trichodina caspialosae, Ichthyophthirius multifiliis, Trichodina caspialosae, Trichodinella epizootica. The most frequent organ of localization of the parasites were the gills, in their tissues 7 species of myxosporeans, and on their surface 1 species of flagellates and 6 species of infusorians were found. In each of the remaining organs there were noted following numbers of species of parasitic protozoans: in the kidneys – 9 species, in the spleen – 7 species, in the muscles of the body – 6 species, in the skin and bladder – 5 species, in the liver – 4 species, on the surface of fins, in the bloodstream, intestinal walls and gall bladder – 2 species, in the heart, subcutaneous connective tissue, eyes and brain – 1 species. In the composition of protofauna, endoparasites (14 species) significantly prevailed over ectoparasites (7 species), and the forms that develop with a change of hosts (12 species), prevailed over forms that have a simple development cycle (9 species). Most of the parasites are of freshwater origin, so more species of parasites were found in fish caught in the highly desalinated part of the Kura estuary than in areas with more mineralized water. It has been established that, in contrast to ectoparasites, freshwater endoparasites, the infection by which occurs in fresh water, in the body of fish are also transferred to more mineralized sites. Among all discovered protozoa 7 species are the causative agents of fish diseases. However, due to not very high infection of fish, no pathogenic phenomena caused by these parasites were observed.

The Effects of High Temperatures on Roach (Rutilus Rutilus)

1959 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 203-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANTHONY W. COCKING
Keyword(s):  
Gall Bladder ◽  
Survival Time ◽  
Median Survival ◽  
Median Survival Time ◽  
Yellow Perch ◽  
Perca Flavescens ◽  
Rutilus Rutilus ◽  
Lethal Temperature ◽  
Roach Rutilus Rutilus ◽  
The Mean

1. The temperature at which 50% of a sample of roach (Rutilus rutilus) die within a week cannot be raised above 33.5° C. by raising the acclimatization temperature. 2. The roach is about as eurythermal as the yellow perch (Perca flavescens). 3. The mean asphyxial concentration of oxygen at 30 and 32°C is approximately 0.8 mg./l. 4. Median survival time at any lethal temperature increases with increase in acclimatization temperature; survival time for any acclimatization temperature decreases as test temperature increases; the temperature at which 50% of a sample die within a week rises by about 1° C. for each 3° C. rise in acclimatization temperature. 5. The behaviour, on transfer to higher temperatures, depends on the acclimatization temperature and the size of the jump in temperature and can be divided into five characteristic stages. 6. Dying fish develop a black pattern; myotomic swimming muscles die first and opercular muscles last. The heart was still beating when the fish were opened but the gall bladder was abnormal.

scholarly journals Concentration of mercury in muscles of predatory and non-predatory fish from lake Pluszne (Poland)

2016 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Łuczyńska ◽  
Marek Jan Łuczyński ◽  
Beata Paszczyk ◽  
Elżbieta Tońska
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Perca Fluviatilis ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Rutilus Rutilus ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Body ◽  
Predatory Fish ◽  
Coregonus Lavaretus ◽  
Roach Rutilus Rutilus ◽  
Commission Regulation

Abstract Introduction: The study examined the concentration of total mercury and correlation coefficients between fish size or FCF (condition factor) and the content of Hg in muscle tissue of six freshwater fish: bream (Abramis brama L.), roach (Rutilus rutilus L.), whitefish (Coregonus lavaretus L.), vendace (Coregonus albula L.), perch (Perca fluviatilis L.), and pike (Esox lucius L.). Material and Methods: The fish were caught from the Lake Pluszne located in the Olsztyn Lake District (Poland). Mercury was analysed by atomic absorption spectrometry using Milestone DMA-80 (with dual-cell). Results: The content of the element in the muscles of the examined fish was as follows: pike (0.197 mg/kg) ≈ perch (0.173 mg/kg) > vendace (0.114 mg/kg) ≈ roach (0.095 mg/kg) and roach ≈ whitefish (0.065 mg/kg), and whitefish ≈ bream (0.042 mg/kg) (p ≤ 0.05). In all cases, the content of mercury correlated positively with the body weight and total length of the fish. Only the correlation coefficients between mercury concentration and weight or length of bream were slightly higher (0.979 and 0.977 respectively, p ≤ 0.001). The length and weight relationship of the fish was also determined. Conclusion: The results showed that the levels of mercury were lower than the maximum acceptable limit established by the Commission Regulation (EC) No 629/2008 of 2 July 2008. Thus, they are safe from consumer health point of view.

scholarly journals Monogeneans of fish of the Mingechevir Reservoir of the Kura River basin

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Juvenile Fish ◽  
Rutilus Rutilus ◽  
The Body ◽  
Small Fish ◽  
Ecological Groups ◽  
Roach Rutilus Rutilus ◽  
Spined Loach ◽  
Silurus Glanis ◽  
Faunistic Complex

In 2010–2013, a study on fish of the Mingechevir Reservoir of the Kura River basin, for infestation with parasites belonging to the Monogenea class was conducted. 297 specimens of fish were subjected to parasitological dissections. These fish belong to the following 23 species: roach – Rutilus rutilus caspius, Caucasian chub – Leuciscus cephalus orientalis, asp – Aspius aspius taeniatus, tench – Tinca tinca, Kura nase – Chondrostoma cyri, Kura khramulya – Capoeta capoeta, chanari-barbel – Luciobarbus capito, goldfish – Carassius auratus gibelio, carp – Cyprinus carpio, Kura beardie – Barbatula brandti, Transcaucasica spined loach – Cobitis taenia satunini, catfish – Silurus glanis, mosquito fish – Gambusia affinis, pike – Sander lucioperca, big headed goby – Neogobius kessleri gorlap, monkey goby – N. fluviatilis pallasi. As a result of the research, 34 species of monogeneans belonging to 3 orders of 4 families and 5 genera were identified. The overwhelming majority (32 species) of monogeneans found are parasitic on the gill petals of fish, from two to six species are also found on the surface of the body and fins, in the nasal cavity of fish. Of the found monogeneans, 24 species (70.6%) are specific for one species or one genus of fish. It has been established that monogeneans parasitizing on several hosts infect the main of them more than others fish, and the intensity of invasion of fish with large sizes was higher than that of relatively small fish. By their origin, 23 species or 67.7% of all species belong to the boreal lowland faunistic complex. According to the ecological groups of this complex, they are distributed as follows: in the Ponto-Caspian group – 17 species, in the Palaearctic and amphiboreal groups – 3 species each. The Middle East faunistic complex is represented by six, the Indian lowland complex is represented by three, and the Ponto-Caspian marine complex by two species. Among the monogeneans of fish of the Mingechevir Reservoir, two species, Dactylogyrus extensus and D. vastator destroy gill petals of their hosts and cause their diseases. They are the cause of the mass death of juvenile fish.

Population Characteristics and Feeding of Roach Rutilus rutilus in Small Regulated River of the Kyiv Polissya

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-48
Author(s):  
Ye. A. Gupalo ◽  
I. I. Abramyuk ◽  
S. A. Afanasyev ◽  
O. V. Manturova ◽  
Ye. V. Savchenko
Keyword(s):  
Rutilus Rutilus ◽  
Population Characteristics ◽  
Regulated River ◽  
Roach Rutilus Rutilus

scholarly journals Pathophysiology of Fever and Application of Infrared Thermography (IRT) in the Detection of Sick Domestic Animals: Recent Advances

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 2316
Author(s):  
Daniel Mota-Rojas ◽  
Dehua Wang ◽  
Cristiane Gonçalves Titto ◽  
Jocelyn Gómez-Prado ◽  
Verónica Carvajal-de la Fuente ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Infrared Thermography ◽  
Core Body Temperature ◽  
The Body ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Febrile Response ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Stable Temperature ◽  
Core Body

Body-temperature elevations are multifactorial in origin and classified as hyperthermia as a rise in temperature due to alterations in the thermoregulation mechanism; the body loses the ability to control or regulate body temperature. In contrast, fever is a controlled state, since the body adjusts its stable temperature range to increase body temperature without losing the thermoregulation capacity. Fever refers to an acute phase response that confers a survival benefit on the body, raising core body temperature during infection or systemic inflammation processes to reduce the survival and proliferation of infectious pathogens by altering temperature, restriction of essential nutrients, and the activation of an immune reaction. However, once the infection resolves, the febrile response must be tightly regulated to avoid excessive tissue damage. During fever, neurological, endocrine, immunological, and metabolic changes occur that cause an increase in the stable temperature range, which allows the core body temperature to be considerably increased to stop the invasion of the offending agent and restrict the damage to the organism. There are different metabolic mechanisms of thermoregulation in the febrile response at the central and peripheral levels and cellular events. In response to cold or heat, the brain triggers thermoregulatory responses to coping with changes in body temperature, including autonomic effectors, such as thermogenesis, vasodilation, sweating, and behavioral mechanisms, that trigger flexible, goal-oriented actions, such as seeking heat or cold, nest building, and postural extension. Infrared thermography (IRT) has proven to be a reliable method for the early detection of pathologies affecting animal health and welfare that represent economic losses for farmers. However, the standardization of protocols for IRT use is still needed. Together with the complete understanding of the physiological and behavioral responses involved in the febrile process, it is possible to have timely solutions to serious problem situations. For this reason, the present review aims to analyze the new findings in pathophysiological mechanisms of the febrile process, the heat-loss mechanisms in an animal with fever, thermoregulation, the adverse effects of fever, and recent scientific findings related to different pathologies in farm animals through the use of IRT.

scholarly journals Investigation into Adaptation in Genes Associated with Response to Estrogenic Pollution in Populations of Roach (Rutilus rutilus) Living in English Rivers

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (24) ◽  
pp. 15935-15945
Author(s):  
Patrick B. Hamilton ◽  
Anne E. Lockyer ◽  
Tamsyn M. Uren Webster ◽  
David J. Studholme ◽  
Josephine R. Paris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rutilus Rutilus ◽  
Roach Rutilus Rutilus
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