scholarly journals The Influence of Water and Light and the Pituitary Upon the Pigmentary System of the Common Toad (Bufo Bufo Bufo)

1954 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-160
Author(s):  
ANNE ROWLANDS
Keyword(s):  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Bufo Bufo ◽  
Common Toad ◽  
Optic Chiasma ◽  
Influence Of Water ◽  
Permanent Contraction ◽  
The Common ◽  
Toad Bufo ◽  
Toad Bufo Bufo

1. Bufo bufo bufo shows no melanophore response to moisture. 2. The severance of the optic nerve or the removal of the eyes causes a cessation of secondary responses to illuminated background. Some melanophore activity remains. 3. The cauterization of the optic chiasma or the infundibular stalk brings about the permanent expansion of the melanophores. 4. Hypophysectomy, and cauterization with hypophysectomy, both produce permanent contraction of the melanophores. 5. The implications of these results in relation to chromatic control are discussed.

Age-dependent changes in sensitivity to a pesticide in tadpoles of the common toad ( Bufo bufo )

2017 ◽  
Vol 187 ◽  
pp. 48-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zsanett Mikó ◽  
János Ujszegi ◽  
Attila Hettyey
Keyword(s):  
Bufo Bufo ◽  
Common Toad ◽  
Age Dependent ◽  
The Common ◽  
Toad Bufo ◽  
Toad Bufo Bufo

The Diet of the Common Toad (Bufo bufo) around a Pond in Mid-Wales

1987 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.P. Gittins
Keyword(s):  
Bufo Bufo ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Common Toad ◽  
Food Items ◽  
Inorganic Matter ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Common ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Toad Bufo ◽  
Toad Bufo Bufo

AbstractThere was no significant difference between the number of food items obtained by stomach-flushing toads caught in pitfall traps and from the dissection of corpses found on nearby roads. The frequencies of the different food categories were similar using the two methods. 97 % of the toads entering the pond in the spring had not recently fed, whereas 25% of toads leaving the pond had started to feed. Sloughed skin was found in 7% of stomachs. Vegetable matter was found in 15% of stomachs and inorganic matter in 6% of stomachs. The diet of the toad was found to be very varied, and the main food items were beetles, collembolans, millipedes, harvestmen and spiders. The diets of males, females and young toads were very similar, and only slight changes in diet were observed throughout the year. The size of food items ranged from 1 mm to 40 mm with most around 7 mm. There was no significant relationship between the size of the food item and the size of the toad for adult males and females, but there was for juveniles.

Mosaic pigment cells in the dermis of the toad, Bufo bufo (L.) (Amphibia, Anura)

1981 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 231-234
Author(s):  
Manfred Verhaagh ◽  
Hartmut Greven
Keyword(s):  
Bufo Bufo ◽  
Pigment Cells ◽  
Common Toad ◽  
The Common ◽  
Mixed Populations ◽  
Toad Bufo ◽  
Toad Bufo Bufo

AbstractThe dermis of the common toad (Bufo bufo) contains three types of chromatophores (xanthophores, iridophores, melanophores) characterized by their own specific pigmented granules. Beyond that, chromatophores with mixed populations of granules, i. e. xanthophores and iridophores containing few melanosomes and a type of cromatophore, which has large amounts of melanosomes plus pterinosomes, have been found. Granules occur regularly in xanthophores consisting of a melanosom, which is surrounded by concentric lamellae typical for pterinosomes.

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