scholarly journals Head bobbing gives pigeons a sense of perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol 224 (3) ◽  
pp. jeb242283
Author(s):  
Kathryn Knight
Keyword(s):  
Head Bobbing

scholarly journals ANTI-PSYCHOTIC ACTIVITY OF PYRUS COMMUNIS JUICE

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 113
Author(s):  
Arzoo Singh Pannu ◽  
Milind Parle
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Models ◽  
Pyrus Communis ◽  
Anti Psychotic ◽  
Head Bobbing ◽  
Stereotypic Behaviour ◽  
Biochemical Estimation ◽  
Pear Juice ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Grooming Behaviour

Objective: The present study aim to investigate the anti-psychotic potential of pyrus communis in the rodents.Methods: The fresh juice of pyrus communis (Pear) was administered orally to rodents for 21 d and the anti-psychotic activity was assessed by in vitro methods viz ketamine induced stereotypic behaviour, pole climbing avoidance in rats and swim induced grooming behaviour experimental models. The biochemical estimation was done on 21 d.Results: The different concentrations of fresh pyrus communis juice was assayed. When pyrus communis juice (PCJ) was administered chronically for 21 d remarkably decreased ketamine induced falling, head-bobbing, weaving and turning counts. Administration of Pear juice significantly delayed the latency time taken by the animals to climb the pole in Cook’s pole climb apparatus. In swim induced grooming behaviour model, Pear juice significantly reduced swim induced grooming behaviour. Moreover, Pear juice significantly decreased the brain dopamine levels and inhibited acetyl cholinesterase activity. In the present study, Pear juice significantly enhanced reduced glutathione levels in the brains of mice, thereby reflecting enhanced scavenging of free radicals and in turn preventing occurrence of psychotic attack.Conclusion: The present study revealed that pyrus communis juice possessed significant anti-psychotic activity.

scholarly journals Seeing a drummer’s performance modulates the subjective experience of groove while listening to popular music drum patterns

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 475-493 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Lloyd Eaves ◽  
Noola Griffiths ◽  
Emily Burridge ◽  
Thomas McBain ◽  
Natalie Butcher
Keyword(s):  
Music Perception ◽  
Subjective Experience ◽  
Visual Display ◽  
The Other ◽  
Likert Scales ◽  
Foot Tapping ◽  
Head Bobbing ◽  
Point Light ◽  
Point Light Display ◽  
Main Effects

Spontaneous rhythmical movements, like foot-tapping and head-bobbing, often emerge when people listen to music, promoting the enjoyable sensation of ‘being in the groove’. Here we report the first experiment to investigate if seeing the music maker modulates this experience. Across trials we manipulated groove level in the audio beats (high vs low), and manipulated the match between the audio beats and a concurrently observed point-light display (PLD) of the drummer. The visual display was either fully corresponding with the audio beats, or incompatible across three conditions: a static PLD, a corresponding but asynchronous PLD (0.5s time shifted); or a non-corresponding PLD (e.g. high groove audio paired with low groove PLD). Participants (n = 36) rated: (a) their desire to move; and (b) their perceived groove, purely in response to the audio beats, using 8-point Likert scales. The main effects of groove level and visual display were significant in both measurements. Ratings increased for high compared to low groove audio overall, and for the fully corresponding condition compared to the other visual conditions. Ratings of the desire to move also increased in the static compared to the non-corresponding condition, and the two-way interaction was significant. Desire to move significantly increased for high compared to low groove audio in the fully corresponding, static and asynchronous conditions, while this effect was absent in the non-corresponding condition. These findings identify the importance of seeing as well as hearing the musician for an enhanced experience of groove, which necessitates a multimodal account of music perception.

Posthatching Locomotor Experience Alters Locomotor Development in Chicks

2002 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. D. Muir ◽  
T. K. Chu
Keyword(s):  
Motor Development ◽  
Stride Length ◽  
Nmda Antagonist ◽  
Saline Control ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Locomotor Development ◽  
Neurophysiological Mechanisms ◽  
Head Bobbing ◽  
Activity Dependent ◽  
Exercise Restriction

We have previously demonstrated that, even though chicks are very precocial and can locomote within hours of hatching, they require a period of time to develop a mature stable walk. As an example, 1- to 2-day-old animals move with disproportionately small stride lengths compared with 10- to 14-day-old animals. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the maturation of walking, including the development of a mature stride length, depends on locomotor experience. We also investigated the development and experience-dependence nature of head bobbing, an optokinetic behavior that occurs during walking in birds. Chicks were randomly assigned to one of three groups receiving either increased locomotor experience (i.e., treadmill exercise), decreased locomotor experience (i.e., decreased housing space), or no alteration in locomotor experience. To assess the dependence of locomotor maturation on N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA)–type glutamate receptors, animals in each group were either given an NMDA antagonist (MK-801, 1 mg/kg intramuscularly daily) or saline control. Locomotor characteristics (stride length, leg support durations, horizontal head excursions) were quantified from videotaped recordings of chicks walking overground unrestrained on posthatching days 1 , 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10. Animals subject to exercise restriction for at least 6 days moved with shortened stride lengths compared with age-matched treadmill-exercised or control animals, a change that was maintained for the duration of the study. NMDA antagonism also resulted in shortened stride lengths. Head bobbing behavior matured during the same posthatching time period. The rate of this maturation was also decreased by exercise restriction. Thus locomotor experience is required for normal development of locomotor behavior, even in very precocial animals. These results are discussed in terms of the possible neuroanatomical and neurophysiological mechanisms underlying experience- and activity-dependent changes during motor development.

scholarly journals Head-bobbing in the Ring-billed Gull (Larus delawarensis)

2016 ◽  
Vol 130 (2) ◽  
pp. 174
Author(s):  
Thomas J Lisney ◽  
Nikolaus F Troje
Keyword(s):  
Visual Perception ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Strong Evidence ◽  
Functional Significance ◽  
Visual Detection ◽  
Food Items ◽  
Larus Delawarensis ◽  
Head Bobbing ◽  
Common Behaviour ◽  
Do So

Many birds bob their head as they walk or run on the ground. The functional significance of this behaviour is unclear, but there is strong evidence that it plays a significant role in enhancing visual perception. If head-bobbing is advantageous, however, then it is a puzzle that some birds do not head-bob. As a group, gulls (Laridae) are among the birds that reportedly do not head-bob,yet here we report head-bobbing among Ring-billed Gulls (Larus delawarensis), observed and filmed in Ontario, when walking relatively slowly while foraging on the ground. This suggests that head-bobbing plays a key role in the visual detection of food items in this species. We suggest that head-bobbing may be a relatively common behaviour in foraging Ring-billed Gulls and speculate that other gulls (and indeed other birds) previously thought not to head-bob may in fact do so under certain circumstances.

Elegant-crested TinamousEudromia elegansdo not synchronize head and leg movements during head-bobbing

Ibis ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 156 (1) ◽  
pp. 198-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer A. Hancock ◽  
Nancy J. Stevens ◽  
Audrone R. Biknevicius
Keyword(s):  
Head Bobbing ◽  
Leg Movements

Function of head-bobbing behavior in diving little grebes

2013 ◽  
Vol 199 (8) ◽  
pp. 703-709 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megu Gunji ◽  
Masaki Fujita ◽  
Hiroyoshi Higuchi
Keyword(s):  
Head Bobbing

Analyse de la parade de Pelomedusa subrufa subrufa (LACEPEDE)

1983 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 297-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincent Bels
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Cues ◽  
Head Bobbing

AbstractPelomedusa subrufa subrufa (LACÉPÈDE) use diverse and unusual displays in courtship. Males show behaviors such as head-head (tête-tête), head bobbing (balancement de la tête) and biting to guide the female to stabilisation. Female's stabilisation is realized when the male mounts the female. Behavioral units are considered in their sequences in order to establishe the different possibilities of courtship leading to copulation in this species. Visual, tactile or chemical cues seem to be important in each behavior.

Observations on behavior and ecology in an Australian turtle, Chelodina expansa (Testudines: Chelidae)

1978 ◽  
Vol 56 (11) ◽  
pp. 2449-2453 ◽  
Author(s):  
John M. Legler
Keyword(s):  
Natural Populations ◽  
Habitat Partitioning ◽  
Grooming Behavior ◽  
Preliminary Information ◽  
Head Bobbing

Observations of natural populations and captives over a period of 6 years provide preliminary information on the ecology of a poorly known and secretive species. Included are observations on habitat partitioning in small pools where two other chelid species occur and notes on the carnivorous diet and manner of feeding. Head bobbing and self-grooming behavior are described.

scholarly journals Mating behaviour of the lizard Ameiva ameiva in Brazil

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
RENAN AUGUSTO RAMALHO
Keyword(s):  
Mating Behaviour ◽  
Reproductive Behaviour ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
Head Bobbing

The courtship and copulation behaviours of the lizard Ameiva ameiva is described from field observations made at various locations in Brazil. In males, the main behaviours observed during one observation of courtship were head bobbing, circling and walking over the females, rubbing his body against the female, mounting, and dismounting. Females generally remain passive throughout courtship. The reproductive behaviour of A. ameiva resembles that of other teiids, however males exhibit some behavioural peculiarities, such as circling the female to restrict her movements, no cloacal rubbing against the ground, and no biting during copulation.

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