scholarly journals Effects of food intake and hydration state on behavioral thermoregulation and locomotor activity in the tropidurid lizard Tropidurus catalanensis

2021 ◽  
Vol 224 (6) ◽  
pp. jeb242199
Author(s):  
Dylan J. Padilla Perez ◽  
Jose E. de Carvalho ◽  
Carlos A. Navas
Keyword(s):  
Locomotor Activity ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Food Availability ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Behavioral Thermoregulation ◽  
Preferred Temperature ◽  
Total Distance ◽  
Hydration State

ABSTRACT Theoretical models predict that lizards adjust their body temperature through behavioral thermoregulation as a function of food availability. However, behavioral thermoregulation is also governed by interactions among physiological and ecological factors other than food availability, such as hydration state, and sometimes it can even conflict with the locomotor activity of animals. Here, we aimed to investigate the role of food intake and hydration state on behavioral thermoregulation and voluntary locomotor activity in the lizard Tropidurus catalanensis. We hypothesized that food intake can influence behavioral thermoregulation via an interaction with hydration state. We also hypothesized that lizards should endeavor to spend as little time as possible to reach their preferred body temperature to defend other physiological and/or ecological functions. We collected lizards in the field and brought them to the laboratory to measure the preferred temperature selected in a thermal gradient and the total distance traveled by them in fed and unfed conditions and with variable hydration state. Our results showed that food consumption was the most important predictor of preferred temperature. In contrast, either the hydration state alone or its interaction with food consumption did not have important effects on the lizards’ thermal preference. Also, we found that the total distance traveled by lizards was not affected by food intake and was barely affected by the hydration state. We provide an experimental approach and a robust analysis of the factors that influence behavioral thermoregulation and locomotor activity in a tropical lizard.

Behavioral thermoregulation and locomotor activity of Perca flavescens

1979 ◽  
Vol 57 (11) ◽  
pp. 2239-2242 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Wallace Reynolds ◽  
Martha Elizabeth Casterlin
Keyword(s):  
Locomotor Activity ◽  
Yellow Perch ◽  
Local Minimum ◽  
Perca Flavescens ◽  
Behavioral Thermoregulation ◽  
Major Peak ◽  
Nocturnal Activity ◽  
Preferred Temperature ◽  
Preferred Temperatures ◽  
The Relationship

Ten yearling yellow perch (Perca flavescens) were tested individually for 3-day periods in electronic shuttleboxes to determine their diel patterns of behavioral thermoregulation and of locomotor activity relative to a natural April photoperiod, and to determine the relationship between preferred temperatures and activity. The perch exhibited a diel rhythm of preferred temperature, with a predawn minimum of 16.7 °C and a dusk maximum of 23.8 °C. The 24-h mean was 20.2 °C; the diurnal mean was 21.5 °C and the nocturnal mean was 18.5 °C. Locomotor activity (quantified as mean photocell-monitored light-beam interruptions per hour) was crepuscular, with a major peak (25 units/h) at dusk, and a smaller peak (14.4 units/h) at dawn. Nocturnal activity was slightly greater (5.3 units/h) than diurnal activity (4.4 units/h). Locomotor activity relative to temperature exhibited a local minimum (0.4–6.2 units/h) at 22.2 °C.

scholarly journals Drosophila Temperature Preference Rhythms: An Innovative Model to Understand Body Temperature Rhythms

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
pp. 1988 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tadahiro Goda ◽  
Fumika N. Hamada
Keyword(s):  
Locomotor Activity ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
The Body ◽  
Metabolic Energy ◽  
Temperature Preference ◽  
Preferred Temperature ◽  
Activity Rhythms ◽  
Temperature Rhythm ◽  
Body Temperature Rhythm ◽  
Human Body Temperature

Human body temperature increases during wakefulness and decreases during sleep. The body temperature rhythm (BTR) is a robust output of the circadian clock and is fundamental for maintaining homeostasis, such as generating metabolic energy and sleep, as well as entraining peripheral clocks in mammals. However, the mechanisms that regulate BTR are largely unknown. Drosophila are ectotherms, and their body temperatures are close to ambient temperature; therefore, flies select a preferred environmental temperature to set their body temperature. We identified a novel circadian output, the temperature preference rhythm (TPR), in which the preferred temperature in flies increases during the day and decreases at night. TPR, thereby, produces a daily BTR. We found that fly TPR shares many features with mammalian BTR. We demonstrated that diuretic hormone 31 receptor (DH31R) mediates Drosophila TPR and that the closest mouse homolog of DH31R, calcitonin receptor (Calcr), is essential for mice BTR. Importantly, both TPR and BTR are regulated in a distinct manner from locomotor activity rhythms, and neither DH31R nor Calcr regulates locomotor activity rhythms. Our findings suggest that DH31R/Calcr is an ancient and specific mediator of BTR. Thus, understanding fly TPR will provide fundamental insights into the molecular and neural mechanisms that control BTR in mammals.

Lipopolysaccharide induces fever and depresses locomotor activity in unrestrained mice

1994 ◽  
Vol 266 (1) ◽  
pp. R125-R135 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Kozak ◽  
C. A. Conn ◽  
M. J. Kluger
Keyword(s):  
Locomotor Activity ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Basic Biology ◽  
Freely Moving ◽  
Dose Dependent

The purpose of this study was to characterize the basic biology of fever to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in unrestrained mice. Although LPS has been shown to induce fevers in many laboratory animals (e.g., rats, guinea pigs, rabbits), there is some question of whether LPS causes a fall or rise in body temperature (Tb) in mice. Tb was measured by biotelemetry in unrestrained mice maintained at an ambient temperature of 30 degrees C. Intraperitoneal injections of LPS at doses of 1.0, 2.5, and 3.0 mg/kg induced dose-independent prompt decreases of Tb for 5.7 h. After this postinjection reduction, Tb increased and reached a peak at approximately 24 h postinjection. The peak rises in Tb were dose dependent. Changes in Tb due to LPS were accompanied by suppression of locomotor activity. Indomethacin, at a dose that did not affect normal Tb, enhanced the temperature-lowering effect of LPS as well as inhibited the febrile rise of Tb after LPS. Indomethacin did not modify the reduction in activity caused by the injections of LPS. Food intake of the mice was decreased by LPS in a dose-dependent manner, and tolerance developed to a second injection of LPS. We conclude that freely moving mice can develop pronounced and reproducible fevers in response to LPS, which is different in time course, dose-dependent profile, induction of pyrogenic tolerance profile, and mode of inhibition by indomethacin from those responses that have been observed in other species studied so far.

Behavioral, physiological, and molecular differences in response to dietary restriction in three inbred mouse strains

2006 ◽  
Vol 291 (3) ◽  
pp. E574-E581 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cigdem Gelegen ◽  
David A. Collier ◽  
Iain C. Campbell ◽  
Hugo Oppelaar ◽  
Martien J. H. Kas
Keyword(s):  
Locomotor Activity ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Complex Traits ◽  
Food Restriction ◽  
Inbred Mouse ◽  
Behavioral Thermoregulation ◽  
Mouse Strains ◽  
Energy Regulation ◽  
Inbred Mouse Strains ◽  
Brown Adipose

Food restriction paradigms are widely used in animal studies to investigate systems involved in energy regulation. We have observed behavioral, physiological, and molecular differences in response to food restriction in three inbred mouse strains, C57BL/6J, A/J, and DBA/2J. These are the progenitors of chromosome substitution and recombinant inbred mouse strains used for mapping complex traits. DBA/2J and A/J mice increased their locomotor activity during food restriction, and both displayed a decrease in body temperature, but the decrease was significantly larger in DBA/2J compared with A/J mice. C57BL/6J mice did not increase their locomotor activity and displayed a large decrease in their body temperature. The large decline in body temperature during food restriction in DBA/2J and C57BL/6J strains was associated with a robust reduction in plasma leptin levels. DBA/2J mice showed a marked decrease in white and brown adipose tissue masses and an upregulation of the antithermogenic hypothalamic neuropeptide Y Y1 receptor. In contrast, A/J mice showed a reduction in body temperature to a lesser extent that may be explained by downregulation of the thermogenic melanocortin 3 receptor and by behavioral thermoregulation as a consequence of their increased locomotor activity. These data indicate that genetic background is an important parameter in controlling an animal's adaptation strategy in response to food restriction. Therefore, mouse genetic mapping populations based on these progenitor lines are highly valuable for investigating mechanisms underlying strain-dependent differences in behavioral physiology that are seen during reduced food availability.

Effect of glucagon-like peptide-1 and -2 on regulation of food intake, body temperature and locomotor activity in the Japanese quail

2007 ◽  
Vol 415 (2) ◽  
pp. 102-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saad Shousha ◽  
Keiko Nakahara ◽  
Tetsuo Nasu ◽  
Takumi Sakamoto ◽  
Noboru Murakami
Keyword(s):  
Locomotor Activity ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Japanese Quail ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide 1

Neuroendocrine regulatory peptide-2 regulates feeding behavior via the orexin system in the hypothalamus

2010 ◽  
Vol 299 (3) ◽  
pp. E394-E401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koji Toshinai ◽  
Hideki Yamaguchi ◽  
Haruaki Kageyama ◽  
Takashi Matsuo ◽  
Keiichi Koshinaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Locomotor Activity ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Feeding Behavior ◽  
Energy Homeostasis ◽  
Protein A ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Intracerebroventricular Administration ◽  
Regulatory Peptide

Neuroendocrine regulatory peptide (NERP)-1 and NERP-2 are derived from distinct regions of VGF, a neurosecretory protein. Vgf−/− mice exhibit dwarfism and hypermetabolic rates, suggesting that VGF or VGF-derived peptides play important roles in energy metabolism. Here, we examined the role of NERPs in the central regulation of feeding and energy homeostasis. We attempted to identify NERPs expressing neurons in rats by immunohistochemistry. We studied the effects of intracerebroventricular (icv) administration of NERP-2 on feeding, body temperature, oxygen consumption, and locomotor activity in rats and mice. Intracerebroventricular administration of NERP-2, but not NERP-1 or a form of NERP-2 bearing a COOH-terminal glycine extension, increased food intake in rats. We investigated the downstream signal of NERP-2 on the basis of studies of NERP-2-induced feeding with neutralization of orexins, neuropeptide Y, or agouti-related protein. NERP-2 expression localized to the lateral hypothalamus (LH) and the dorsomedial perifornical hypothalamus in rats, colocalizing with orexins that activate feeding behavior and arousal. NERP-2 administration induced Fos protein, a marker of neuronal activation, in the orexin-immunoreactive neurons. Vgf mRNA levels were upregulated in the rat LH upon food deprivation. Intracerebroventricular administration of NERP-2 also increased body temperature, oxygen consumption, and locomotor activity in rats. Treatment with anti-NERP-2 IgG decreased food intake. NERP-2-induced bioactivities could be abrogated by administration of anti-orexins IgG or orexin receptor antagonists. NERP-2 did not induce food intake or locomotor activity in orexin-deficient mice. Our findings indicate that hypothalamic NERP-2 plays a role in the control of food intake and energy homeostasis via the orexin pathway. Thus, VGF serves as a precursor of multiple bioactive peptides exerting a diverse set of neuroendocrine functions.

How do university workers eat at the workplace?

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 194-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
João Lima ◽  
Sofia Costa ◽  
Ada Rocha
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Work Environment ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Food Availability ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Nutritional Intake ◽  
Inform Consent ◽  
Consumer Awareness ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Daily Energy

Purpose Food consumed at work can be brought from home or taken in private or university restaurants. Knowing the contribution of food consumption in the workplace allows for the identification of bad practices to modulate food availability in the work environment and raise consumer awareness for a more balanced food intake. This paper aims to characterize food consumption and to determine the contribution of food consumption at the workplace to daily food intake of employees of the University of Porto (UP). Design/methodology/approach A cross-sectional observational study was conducted. The project was approved by Ethical Commission of the UP. The principles of Helsínquia Declaration were respected and the workers under examine accept to participate in the study, through an inform consent. Data were obtained through the application of a self-administrated questionnaire and through the application of a questionnaire including a 24 h recall. There were assessed 513 individuals randomly selected, and the majority of them were women. Findings In total, 92.8 per cent of them preferred to have meals at the workplace that contributed to about 39.6 per cent of the daily energy intake. Reported food consumption at the workplace contributed about 42.6 per cent of carbohydrates, 39.4 per cent of total fat and 36.8 per cent of proteins for daily intake. A low intake of water (39.2 per cent of whole ingestion) and a huge amount and contribution of the workplace (48.4 per cent) to daily sugar intake was observed. Higher nutritional intake was observed for women (p < 0.05). The energy contribution of meals at the workplace is in accordance with recommendations, except for breakfast, that is below. Originality/value This work allows to characterize food habits of university employees at the workplace and the identification of the contribution of meals eaten at the workplace for daily energy and nutritional intake. These data allow to modulate food availability in the work environment and raise consumer awareness for a more balanced food intake.

Physiology of transgenic mice with brown fat ablation: obesity is due to lowered body temperature

1998 ◽  
Vol 274 (2) ◽  
pp. R287-R293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanne Klaus ◽  
Heike Münzberg ◽  
Christiane Trüloff ◽  
Gerhard Heldmaier
Keyword(s):  
Locomotor Activity ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Transgenic Mice ◽  
Uncoupling Protein ◽  
Core Body Temperature ◽  
Physiological Basis ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Temperature Levels ◽  
Food Assimilation

We investigated the physiological basis for development of obesity in uncoupling protein-diphtheria toxin A chain (UCP-DTA) transgenic mice. In these mice the promoter of the brown adipose tissue (BAT)-specific UCP was used to drive expression of DTA, resulting in decreased BAT function and development of obesity and insulin resistance (Lowell, B. B., S. V. Susulic, A. Hamann, J. A. Lawitts, J. Himms-Hagen, B. B. Boyer, L. Kozak, and J. S. Flier. Nature 366: 740–742, 1994). In adult UCP-DTA mice, we measured food intake and food assimilation, locomotor activity, metabolic rate, and body temperature in comparison to control animals. No differences could be observed in food intake or assimilation and locomotor activity. Weight-specific metabolic rates at temperatures between 20 and 37°C, however, were consistently lower in transgenic mice. Continuous telemetric recording of core body temperature showed that transgenic mice displayed a downshift in body temperature levels of ∼0.9°C. In summary, we provide evidence that attenuated body temperature levels alone can be responsible for development of obesity and that BAT thermogenesis is a major determinant of body temperature levels in rodents.

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