scholarly journals Internal state transition to switch behavioral strategies in cricket phonotaxis

2020 ◽  
Vol 223 (22) ◽  
pp. jeb229732
Author(s):  
Naoto Hommaru ◽  
Hisashi Shidara ◽  
Noriyasu Ando ◽  
Hiroto Ogawa
Keyword(s):  
Local Search ◽  
State Transition ◽  
Internal State ◽  
External Environment ◽  
Calling Song ◽  
Behavioral Strategies ◽  
Reactive Behavior ◽  
Complicated Process ◽  
External Conditions ◽  
Approach Phase

ABSTRACTAnimals employ multiple behavioral strategies for exploring food and mating partners based on both their internal state and external environment. Here, we examined how cricket phonotaxis, which was considered an innate reactive behavior of females to approach the calling song of conspecific males, depended on these internal and external conditions. Our observation revealed that the phonotaxis process consisted of two distinctive phases: wandering and approaching. In the latter phase, crickets moved directly towards the sound source. The transition into this phase, referred to as the ‘approach phase’, was based on changes in the animal's internal state. Moreover, retention of the approach phase required recognition of the calling song, while song loss downregulated cricket mobility and induced frequent stopping. This is a typical movement in local search behaviors. Our results indicate that phonotaxis is not only a reactive response but a complicated process including multiple behavioral strategies.

Circadian tuning of motivation. A little organ of yesterday?

1995 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Daan
Keyword(s):  
Internal State ◽  
External Environment ◽  
Animal Behaviour ◽  
The Body ◽  
Biological Clocks ◽  
Motivational Systems ◽  
Regulatory Principle ◽  
The Face ◽  
Temporal Organisation ◽  
The Ideal

The analysis of motivational systems underlying temporal organisation in animal behaviour has relied primarily on two conceptual functional frameworks: Homeostasis and biological clocks. Homeostasis is one of the most general and influential concepts in physiology. Walter Cannon introduced homeostasis as a universal regulatory principle which animals employ to maintain constancy of their ‘internal milieu’ in the face of challenges and perturbations from the external environment. Cannon spoke of “The Wisdom of the Body”, the collective of responses designed to defend the ideal internal state against those perturbations.

Plotand Event-Driven Functions of Perfect Verbs in a Fiction Text

2021 ◽  
pp. 5-14
Author(s):  
Elena A. Bazhenova ◽  
◽  
Ekaterina E. Dymont ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Internal State ◽  
Syntactic Structure ◽  
External Environment ◽  
Perfect State ◽  
Mental Action ◽  
Lexical Meaning ◽  
Subordinate Clauses ◽  
Event Driven ◽  
Inner World

The article examines the role of Russian perfect verbs in text formation. Based on the texts of modern Russian writers (S. Vasilenko, D. Granin, E. Limonov, V. Pelevin, T. Tolstaya, V. Tokareva, L. Ulitskaya), the functions of the verb forms with perfect meaning in the plot organization of a fiction text are considered. The principal attention is paid to the analysis of the functions of 1) regression of the narrative, 2) progress of the narrative with a pause in the external environment or in the inner world of the character, 3) pause in the narrative. Narrative regression is interpreted as a reference to the past, progress as a perspective of the narrative, and pause as a fixation of the state of the environment or the internal state of the character. It has been established that these functions are realized within the framework of a perfect situation as a functional-semantic field. The nucleus of the field is a perfect verb or passive past participles; the periphery of the field is formed by multi-level language units that actualize the perfect meaning in the context. It has been revealed that the perfect situation has a complex semantic structure, in which three components are holistically represented: pre-perfect state, action, and post-perfect state. This structure allows expressing different types of links: between the temporal plans of the text, between the cause of an event and the consequent state of the event, between a mental action and the object of this action. In a fiction text, each component of syncretic perfect semantics can become a basis for the plot situation. It has been shown that plot- and event-driven functions of perfect verbs are determined by the position of the verb in the complex syntactic whole, by interaction with other predicates, by the syntactic structure, and by the lexical meaning of the verb. In particular, it has been established that the function of regression of the narrative is represented by perfect verbs as a part of complex sentences with temporal, causal, and deliberative subordinate clauses. The function of progress of the narrative with a pause in the external environment is performed by perfect verbs inside a complex syntactic whole. This function may also be realized on the border of two complex syntactic wholes. Progress of the narrative with a pause in the inner world of the character is expressed by mental verbs (ponyal, dogadalsya, osoznal, pochuvstvoval, reshil, etc.). A pause in the narrative is typically expressed by passive past participles. The contextual and semantic analysis of perfect situations allows concluding that perfect verbs have an impact on encoding and decoding of the meaning of the fiction text.

Effective search strategy via internal state transition graphs on onboard planning for deep space probes

2018 ◽  
Vol 148 ◽  
pp. 235-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Xu ◽  
Hao Jin ◽  
Wenming Xu ◽  
Pingyuan Cui ◽  
Xiaodong Han
Keyword(s):  
Search Strategy ◽  
State Transition ◽  
Internal State ◽  
Deep Space ◽  
Transition Graphs

scholarly journals THE CONTROLLING IN THE ENTERPRISE AND HUMAN CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (34) ◽  
Author(s):  
O.V ZININA ◽  
◽  
J.A OLENTSOVA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Planning Process ◽  
External Environment ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Human Capital Development ◽  
Problem Situations ◽  
Control Actions ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
External Conditions ◽  
Capital Development ◽  
The Impact

Controlling as a concept of the management system has served as a response to changes in the external conditions of the enterprises' functioning. Controlling is primarily focused on supporting decision-making processes. Controlling functions are defined by the goals set for the enterprise and include those types of management activities that ensure the achievement of these goals. These include, first of all, support for the planning process, as well as control and regulation. Control is an integral part of the entire process of rationalizing the economic activity of the enterprise. Its task is to anticipate possible mistakes, violations, deviations and prevent them, as well as, if they occur, to ensure the inevitability of the impact and suppression in proportion to the identified nature of the deviation. The controlling body in an organization is an employee or member of the organization that performs control actions in the performance of official duties or only on the basis of the relevant rights. Mistakes and problems that occur within the organization are intertwined, if they are not corrected in time, with mistakes in assessing changes in the external environment. Therefore, the main task of controlling is to identify problem situations and adjust the organization's activities before these problems develop into a crisis or bankruptcy.

scholarly journals IMPLEMENTASI FUZZY TOPSIS DALAM PERENCANAAN STRATEGI BISNIS

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 132
Author(s):  
Fera Tri Wulandari
Keyword(s):  
Strategic Planning ◽  
Swot Analysis ◽  
External Environment ◽  
Fuzzy Topsis ◽  
Ideal Solution ◽  
Alternative Strategies ◽  
Order Preference ◽  
External Conditions ◽  
Last Stage

Strategic planning is done in order to the company can look at it objectively internal and external conditions that the company can anticipate changes in the external environment. Strategic planning begins with the introduction of the company's vision and mission in order to determine which company will produce an overview of the internal and external environment. Furthermore conduct a SWOT analysis to formulate appropriate strategic alternatives to position the company. The last stage is the decision-making strategies using Fuzzy Quantitive Strategic Planning Matrix (FQSPM) to determine and select the best strategy from a number of alternative strategies given certain criteria using Fuzzy Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal. Solution (FTOPSIS). Results of the determination of the strategy chosen by the fuzzy TOPSIS for furniture company is intelegent increased marketing and promotional products.

scholarly journals ECOLOGICAL STABILITY OF TABLE SEEDLESS HYBRID VINE FORMS

Russian vine ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 19-29
Author(s):  
V. Roychev ◽  
◽  
N.T. Keranova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
External Environment ◽  
Ecological Stability ◽  
Selection Procedures ◽  
Ecological Flexibility ◽  
External Conditions ◽  
Applied Approach ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Hybrid Forms

The ecological stability of several table seedless hybrid vine forms has been demonstratively studied. It has been found that their dependency on the conditions of the external environment by the individual ampelographic indices, varies, and its spec-ificity can be utilized in the processes of selection and cultivation within a certain micro-region. The applied approach for the determination of their ecological flexibility increases the commercial efficiency of the selection procedures and the differentiation of the agro-technological practices. The existing trend according to which the most adaptive to the external conditions hybrid forms are characterized by lower or the lowest values of the corresponding index, requires further research.

scholarly journals Cell-type-specific promoters for C. elegans glia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wendy Fung ◽  
Leigh Wexler ◽  
Maxwell G. Heiman
Keyword(s):  
Glial Cell ◽  
Internal State ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Sequencing Data ◽  
C Elegans ◽  
External Conditions ◽  
Glial Function ◽  
Cell Type Specific ◽  
And Function

ABSTRACTGlia shape the development and function of the C. elegans nervous system, especially its sense organs and central neuropil (nerve ring). Cell-type-specific promoters allow investigators to label or manipulate individual glial cell types, and therefore provide a key tool for deciphering glial function. In this technical resource, we compare the specificity, brightness, and consistency of cell-type-specific promoters for C. elegans glia. We identify a set of promoters for the study of seven glial cell types (F16F9.3, amphid and phasmid sheath glia; F11C7.2, amphid sheath glia only; grl-2, amphid and phasmid socket glia; hlh-17, cephalic (CEP) sheath glia; and grl-18, inner labial (IL) socket glia) as well as a pan-glial promoter (mir-228). We compare these promoters to promoters that are expressed more variably in combinations of glial cell types (delm-1 and itx-1). We note that the expression of some promoters depends on external conditions or the internal state of the organism, such as developmental stage, suggesting glial plasticity. Finally, we demonstrate an approach for prospectively identifying cell-type-specific glial promoters using existing single-cell sequencing data, and we use this approach to identify two novel promoters specific to IL socket glia (col-53 and col-177).

scholarly journals ODD description methods for automated driving vehicle and verifiability for safety

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (8) ◽  
pp. 796-810
Author(s):  
Masao Ito
Keyword(s):  
Standard Method ◽  
Internal State ◽  
External Environment ◽  
Design Domain ◽  
Automated Driving ◽  
Driving System ◽  
Operational Design ◽  
Standards And Guidelines

There is no standard method for describing the Operational Design Domain (ODD) in automated driving vehicles. There are many elements in the operating domain, including the external environment, and it is necessary to connect them with the internal state of the automated driving system. Its content ultimately requires the user's understanding. The description method of this ODD is summarised from the aspect of safety. Consistency with standards and guidelines will also be considered.

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