scholarly journals Heat dissipation capacity influences reproductive performance in an aerial insectivore

2020 ◽  
Vol 223 (10) ◽  
pp. jeb222232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Tapper ◽  
Joseph J. Nocera ◽  
Gary Burness
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Heat Dissipation ◽  
Aerial Insectivore

scholarly journals Heat dissipation capacity influences reproductive performance in an aerial insectivore

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Tapper ◽  
Joseph J. Nocera ◽  
Gary Burness
Keyword(s):  
Heat Dissipation ◽  
Population Decline ◽  
Experimental Treatment ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Weather Patterns ◽  
Thermal Window ◽  
Aerial Insectivore ◽  
Maternal Provisioning ◽  
Aerial Insectivores ◽  
Breeding Seasons

AbstractClimatic warming will likely increase the frequency of extreme weather events, which may reduce an individual’s capacity for sustained activity due to thermal limits. We tested whether the risk of overheating may limit parental provisioning of an aerial insectivorous bird in population decline. For many seasonally breeding birds, parents are thought to operate close to an energetic ceiling during the 2-3 week chick-rearing period. The factors determining the ceiling remain unknown, although it may be set by an individual’s capacity to dissipate body heat (the heat dissipation limitation hypothesis). To test this hypothesis, over two breeding seasons we experimentally trimmed the ventral feathers of female tree swallows (Tachycineta bicolor) to provide a thermal window. We then monitored maternal provisioning rates, nestling growth rates, and fledging success. We found the effect of our experimental treatment was context-dependent and varied with environmental conditions. Females with trimmed plumage fed their nestlings at higher rates than controls when conditions were hot and non-windy, but the reverse was true under cool and windy conditions. On average, nestlings of trimmed females were heavier than controls, and had a higher probability of fledging. We suggest that removal of a thermal constraint allowed females to increase provisioning rates, but additionally provided nestlings with a thermal advantage via increased heat transfer during maternal brooding. Our data provide partial support for the heat dissipation limitation hypothesis, and suggest that depending on weather patterns, heat dissipation capacity can influence reproductive success in aerial insectivores.

Assessing pesticides exposure effects on the reproductive performance of a declining aerial insectivore

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie‐Christine Poisson ◽  
Daniel R. Garrett ◽  
Audrey Sigouin ◽  
Marc Bélisle ◽  
Dany Garant ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Aerial Insectivore ◽  
Pesticides Exposure

РОДСТВЕННЫЕ ГРУППЫ РЕДКИХ ПОРОД ГУСЕЙ

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Gene Pool

ЖАРКОВА И.П., ГРИШИНА Д. С. Федеральный научный центр «Всероссийский научно-исследовательский и технологический институт птицеводства» Российской академии наук Аннотация: Авторами изучены генетические параметры хозяйственно-полезных признаков гусей (сохранность, яйценоскость, масса яиц, оплодотворенность и выводимость яиц, вывод гусят) в зависимости от их происхождения. Новизна работы заключается в том, что впервые проведен анализ закономерностей проявления репродуктивных качеств у родственных групп гусей. При сравнительном изучении 21 породы гусей установлено, что группа пород гусей, родственных между собой по общему селекционному предку, а именно китайской серой породе (1-я родословная), имеет более высокие воспроизводительные способности по сравнению с другими породами и группами пород. Полученные данные будут применяться в дальнейшей работе с целью совершенствования приемов сохранения генофонда малочисленных пород гусей. Ключевые слова: ГЕНОФОНД ПОРОД ГУСЕЙ, РОДСТВЕННЫЕ ГРУППЫ, РЕПРОДУКТИВНЫЕ КАЧЕСТВА, GENE POOL OF GEESE BREEDS, BIOGENETICALLY RELATED GROUPS OF BREEDS, REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE

ПРЕРЫВИСТОЕ ОСВЕЩЕНИЕ ПОВЫШАЕТ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТЬ ИСКУССТВЕННОГО ОСЕМЕНЕНИЯ КУР В КЛЕТКАХ

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Productive Performance ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Scientific Center ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Egg Fertility

Intermittent Lighting Improves the Efficiency of Artificial Insemination in Cage Housed Laying Hens Kavtarashvili A.Sh., Kolokolnikova T.N. Federal Scientific Center “All-Russian Research and Technological Poultry Institute” of Russian Academy of Sciences Omsk Agrarian Scientific Center Summary: The effects of different lighting regimes on the oviposition schedule, productive performance, and reproductive efficiency in cage housed laying hens of layer parental flock (Hisex White-R) were studied; the reasonable regime of artificial insemination (AI) under intermittent lighting is proposed. It was found that intermittent lighting regime 1L:4D:4L:1D:4L:10D compared to the constant lighting significantly alters oviposition schedule: under this regime 82.3% of all daily eggs were laid until 9 am (vs. 66.6% in control). This regime and AI at 10 am improved the productive and reproductive performance compared to control (constant lighting 16L:8D and AI at 12 am): mortality by 1.9%, egg production per initial hen by 3.8%, egg weight by 1.1%, percentage of eggs suitable for incubation by 1.9%, egg fertility by 0.9%, hatchability by 2.3%, hatch of chicks by 2.9%, feed conversion ratio (kg of feed per 10 eggs) by 5.3%, the expenses of electric energy for lighting (per 1000 eggs suitable for incubation) by 54.5%. Key words: INTERMITTENT LIGHTING, CAGE HOUSED LAYERS, ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION (AI), OVIPOSITION SCHEDULE, AI TIMING, PRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE, REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE

REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE OF HAMSTERS WITH POLYACRYLAMIDE IMPLANTS CONTAINING ETHINYLOESTRADIOL

1972 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 385-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. K. Davis ◽  
I. Noske ◽  
M. C. Chang
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Mature Female ◽  
Pregnancy Rates ◽  
List Type ◽  
Pathological Changes ◽  
Apparent Effect ◽  
Tissue Sections ◽  
Main Target

ABSTRACT Mature female hamsters bearing subcutaneous polyacrylamide (PAA) implants, with ethinyloestradiol (EO), for at least 10 days prior to mating revealed: 0.5 and 2.5 mg EO in 7% PAA significantly disturb the timing of oestrus and mating, but have no apparent effect on rate of pregnancy, ovulation and implantation. 2.5 mg EO in 20 and 40% PAA conspicuously reduces the likelihood of pregnancy, although the occurrence of oestrus and mating are affected only slightly. Fertility in these hamsters was virtually restored, judging from pregnancy rates, when they were remated 11 days, or more, following removal of their implants (37 days after implantation), but significantly more foetuses were resorbed in these litters. From tissue sections of skin and muscle at the implant site, ovary, uterus, pituitary, adrenals and liver, PAA implants, without EO, cause no overt pathological changes in the bearer. Effects characteristic of oestrogen are present when these implants contain EO, and these include a conspicuous thickening of the epidermis and dermis; haemorrhagic lesions were also noted in the maternal placenta of animals with EO implants. There is an association between reproductive performance and the rate of EO release by an implant. A 7% PAA implant with 2.5 mg EO can release most of it within 2 days, and principally influences events (oestrus and mating) that precede the main target (pregnancy) of a 20% PAA implant, which releases the steroid over the longer interval of 7 days.

Proceedings: The effect of genotype and nutrition before mating on the reproductive performance of mice

Reproduction ◽  
1974 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 467-468 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Truscott ◽  
M Wodzicka-Tomaszewska ◽  
S. Stephenson
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Performance
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