scholarly journals Growth hormone transgenesis in coho salmon disrupts muscle immune function impacting cross-talk with growth systems

2018 ◽  
Vol 221 (13) ◽  
pp. jeb173146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdullah Alzaid ◽  
Jin-Hyoung Kim ◽  
Robert H. Devlin ◽  
Samuel A. M. Martin ◽  
Daniel J. Macqueen
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Immune Function ◽  
Cross Talk ◽  
Coho Salmon

scholarly journals Growth hormone transgenesis disrupts immune function in muscle of coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) impacting cross-talk with growth systems

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdullah Alzaid ◽  
Jin-Hyoung Kim ◽  
Robert H. Devlin ◽  
Samuel A.M. Martin ◽  
Daniel J. Macqueen
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Immune Function ◽  
Cross Talk ◽  
Coho Salmon ◽  
Mrna Level ◽  
Muscle Growth ◽  
Oncorhynchus Kisutch ◽  
Marker Genes ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Igf System

ABSTRACTThe suppression of growth during infection should facilitate resource allocation towards effective immune function. Work supporting this hypothesis has been recently reported in teleosts, demonstrating immune-responsive regulation of the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system - a key endocrine growth pathway that acts downstream of growth hormone (GH). Skeletal muscle is the main target for growth and energetic storage in fish, yet little is known about how growth is regulated in this tissue during an immune response. We addressed this knowledge gap by characterizing muscle immune responses in size-matched coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) achieving different growth rates. We compared a wild-type strain with two GH transgenic groups achieving either maximal or highly-suppressed growth – an experimental design that separates GH’s direct effects from its influence on growth rate. Fish were sampled 30h post-injection with PBS (control) or mimics of bacterial (peptidoglycan) or viral (Poly:IC) infection. We quantified the mRNA level expression of genes from the GH, GH receptor (GHR), IGF hormone, IGF1 receptor (IGF-1R) and IGF binding protein (IGFBP) families, along with marker genes for muscle growth and host defence genes involved in inflammatory or antiviral responses. We provide strong evidence for dampened immunity in the GH transgenics compared to wild-type animals. Strikingly, the muscle of GH transgenics achieving rapid growth showed no detectable antiviral response, coupled with evidence of a constitutive inflammatory state. GH and IGF system gene expression was also strongly altered by GH transgenesis and fast growth, both for baseline expression levels and responses to immune stimulation. Overall, our findings demonstrate that GH transgenesis disrupts normal immune function and growth-immune cross-talk in muscle, with implications for the health and welfare of farmed salmon.

Postprandial changes in plasma growth hormone, insulin, insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I, and IGF-binding proteins in coho salmon fasted for varying periods

2009 ◽  
Vol 297 (2) ◽  
pp. R352-R361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Munetaka Shimizu ◽  
Kathleen A. Cooper ◽  
Walton W. Dickhoff ◽  
Brian R. Beckman
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Binding Proteins ◽  
Coho Salmon ◽  
Fasting Period ◽  
Igf Binding Proteins ◽  
Igf I ◽  
Igf Binding ◽  
Single Meal

We examined postprandial changes in circulating growth hormone (GH), insulin, insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I, and IGF-binding proteins (IGFBPs) in yearling coho salmon under different feeding regimes. Fish were initially fasted for 1 day, 1 wk, or 3 wk. Fasted fish were then fed, and blood was collected at 4-h intervals over 26 h. After the various periods of fasting, basal levels of insulin were relatively constant, whereas those of IGF-I, IGFBPs and GH changed in proportion to the duration of the fast. A single meal caused a rapid, large increase in the circulating insulin levels, but the degree of the increase was influenced by the fasting period. IGF-I showed a moderate increase 2 h after the meal but only in the regularly fed fish. Plasma levels of 41-kDa IGFBP were increased in all groups within 6 h after the single meal. The fasting period did not influence the response of 41-kDa IGFBP to the meal. IGFBP-1 and GH decreased after the meal to the same extent among groups regardless of the fasting period. The present study shows that insulin and IGF-I respond differently to long (weeks)- and short (hours)-term nutritional changes in salmon; insulin maintains its basal level but changes acutely in response to food intake, whereas IGF-I adjusts its basal levels to the long-term nutritional status and is less responsive to acute nutritional input. IGFBPs maintain their sensitivity to food intake, even after prolonged fasting, suggesting their critical role in the nutritional regulation of salmon growth.

S1701 A Cross-Talk Between Motilin Receptor and Growth Hormone Secretagogue Receptor Using Chimeric Constructs' Expression and Co-Expression

2010 ◽  
Vol 138 (5) ◽  
pp. S-256
Author(s):  
Bunzo Matsuura ◽  
Sachiko Utsunomiya ◽  
Teruhisa Ueda ◽  
Teruki Miyake ◽  
Shinya Furukawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Cross Talk ◽  
Growth Hormone Secretagogue Receptor ◽  
Growth Hormone Secretagogue ◽  
Motilin Receptor

scholarly journals Rearing in Seawater Mesocosms Improves the Spawning Performance of Growth Hormone Transgenic and Wild-Type Coho Salmon

PLoS ONE ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. e105377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosalind A. Leggatt ◽  
Tanya Hollo ◽  
Wendy E. Vandersteen ◽  
Kassandra McFarlane ◽  
Benjamin Goh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Coho Salmon ◽  
Wild Type
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