Muscle powers caddis fly take-offs

2015 ◽  
Vol 218 (17) ◽  
pp. 2661-2662
Author(s):  
K. Knight
Keyword(s):  
Caddis Fly

Osmoregulation in the Larva of the Marine Caddis Fly, Philanisus Plebeius (Walk.) (Trichoptera)

1972 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 821-838
Author(s):  
JOHN P. LEADER
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Osmotic Pressure ◽  
Body Surface ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Electrical Potential ◽  
Chloride Ion ◽  
Chloride Ions ◽  
The Body ◽  
Electrical Potential Difference ◽  
Caddis Fly

1. The larva of Philanisus plebeius is capable of surviving for at least 10 days in external salt concentrations from 90 mM/l sodium chloride (about 15 % sea water) to 900 mM/l sodium chloride (about 150 % sea water). 2. Over this range the osmotic pressure and the sodium and chloride ion concentrations of the haemolymph are strongly regulated. The osmotic pressure of the midgut fluid and rectal fluid is also strongly regulated. 3. The body surface of the larva is highly permeable to water and sodium ions. 4. In sea water the larva is exposed to a large osmotic flow of water outwards across the body surface. This loss is replaced by drinking the medium. 5. The rectal fluid of larvae in sea water, although hyperosmotic to the haemolymph, is hypo-osmotic to the medium, making it necessary to postulate an extra-renal site of salt excretion. 6. Measurements of electrical potential difference across the body wall of the larva suggest that in sea water this tissue actively transports sodium and chloride ions out of the body.

Immunologic studies of caddis fly

1963 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 235-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claude Langlois ◽  
Sidney Shulman ◽  
Carl E. Arbesman
Keyword(s):  
Caddis Fly

scholarly journals The status and ecology of the last wild population of Madagascar Pochard Aythya innotata

2014 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANDREW J. BAMFORD ◽  
THE SEING SAM ◽  
FELIX RAZAFINDRAJAO ◽  
HANNAH ROBSON ◽  
LANCE G. WOOLAVER ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Degradation ◽  
Isotope Analysis ◽  
Small Population ◽  
Breeding Habitat ◽  
Volcanic Lakes ◽  
Faecal Samples ◽  
The Status ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Caddis Fly ◽  
First Time

SummaryOne of the rarest birds in the world, the Madagascar Pochard Aythya innotata was thought to be extinct until a small population was found in 2006. Little is known about this diving duck as it had not been studied prior to its decline and disappearance. Its rediscovery provided the opportunity to study this species in the wild for the first time and to assess the viability of this last remaining population. The population is small, fluctuating around 25 individuals, and mainly utilises two small volcanic lakes in the far north of Madagascar. Nesting occurs on only one of these lakes, Matsaborimena. Nest success (76% in 2007–2008) and hatching success (89% in 2007–2008) are both comparable to other Aythya species, but fledging success (4% in 2011–2012) is extremely low. Duckling mortality rates peak between 14 and 21 days old. We propose that starvation is the major cause of duckling mortality. Examination of faecal samples and stable isotope analysis of feathers and potential food items provide evidence that adult pochards are insectivorous, favouring caddis fly larvae. Macroinvertebrate density in the benthos of Matsaborimena is low. Adults spend 38% of daylight hours foraging, mainly in the shallowest water. However Matsaborimena is steep-sided and has no areas shallow enough for diving ducklings to feed. We conclude that these lakes are not good breeding habitat for this species. The Madagascar Pochard’s persistence here and not at other sites is probably due to a lack of the human-induced habitat degradation that has impacted many other wetlands in Madagascar.

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