scholarly journals Evidence for a role of orcokinin-related peptides in the circadian clock controlling locomotor activity of the cockroach Leucophaea maderae

2006 ◽  
Vol 209 (14) ◽  
pp. 2794-2803 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Hofer
Keyword(s):  
Locomotor Activity ◽  
Circadian Clock ◽  
Leucophaea Maderae

scholarly journals Short Neuropeptide F regulates the starvation mediated enhanced locomotor Activity in Drosophila

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Geo ◽  
Himani Pathak ◽  
Anamika Elizabeth Kujur ◽  
Sreesha R Sudhakar ◽  
Nisha N Kannan
Keyword(s):  
Locomotor Activity ◽  
Circadian Clock ◽  
Internal Energy ◽  
Nutrient Availability ◽  
Activity Rhythm ◽  
Transcript Level ◽  
Constant Darkness ◽  
Starvation Resistance ◽  
Neuropeptide F

AbstractThe circadian clock regulates various behavioral, metabolic and physiological processes to occur at the most suitable time of the day. Internal energy stores and nutrient availability modulates the most apparent circadian clock mediated locmotor activity rhythm in Drosophila. Although previous studies unraveled the role of circadian clock in metabolism and activity rest rhythm, the precise pathway through which the circadian neuropeptidergic signaling regulates internal energy storage and the starvation-mediated increase in activity resembling foraging remains largely unclear. This study was aimed to elucidate the role of circadian neuropeptide, short neuropeptide F (sNPF) in triglyceride metabolism, starvation resistance and starvation-mediated increased locomotor activity in Drosophila. The results showed that snpf transcripts exhibits significant rhythmicity in wild type flies under 12:12 hour light-dark cycles (LD) and constant darkness (DD) whereas snpf transcript level in period null flies did not exhibit any significant rhythmicity under LD. Knockdown of sNPF in circadian clock neurons reduced the triglyceride level, starvation resistance and increased the starvation-mediated hyperactivity response after 24 hour of starvation. Further studies showed that knock down of sNPF receptors (sNPFR) expressed in insulin producing cells (IPC) increased the starvation resistance and reduced starvation-induced hyperactivity response after 24 hour of starvation. Collectively, our results suggest that transcriptional oscillation of snpf mRNA is endogenously controlled by the circadian clock and elucidate the role of sNPF in modulating locomotor activity in accordance with the nutrient availability in Drosophila.

Examination of the role of FMRFamide-related peptides in the circadian clock of the cockroach Leucophaea maderae

2008 ◽  
Vol 332 (2) ◽  
pp. 257-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Soehler ◽  
Susanne Neupert ◽  
Reinhard Predel ◽  
Monika Stengl
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Clock ◽  
Leucophaea Maderae

scholarly journals The day/night difference in the circadian clock’s response to acute lipopolysaccharide and the rhythmic Stat3 expression in the rat suprachiasmatic nucleus

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simona Moravcová ◽  
Dominika Pačesová ◽  
Barbora Melkes ◽  
Hana Kyclerová ◽  
Veronika Spišská ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Locomotor Activity ◽  
Circadian Clock ◽  
Suprachiasmatic Nucleus ◽  
Clock Genes ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
And Function ◽  
External Signals

AbstractThe circadian clock in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) regulates daily rhythms in physiology and behaviour and is an important part of the mammalian homeostatic system. Previously, we have shown that systemic inflammatory stimulation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced the daytime-dependent phosphorylation of STAT3 in the SCN. Here, we demonstrate the LPS-induced Stat3 mRNA expression in the SCN and show also the circadian rhythm in Stat3 expression in the SCN, with high levels during the day. Moreover, we examined the effects of LPS (1mg/kg), applied either during the day or the night, on the rhythm in locomotor activity of male Wistar rats. We observed that recovery of normal locomotor activity patterns took longer when the animals were injected during the night. The clock genes Per1, Per2 and Nr1d1, and phosphorylation of kinases ERK1/2 and GSK3β are sensitive to external cues and function as the molecular entry for external signals into the circadian clockwork. We also studied the immediate changes in these clock genes expressions and the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and GSK3β in the suprachiasmatic nucleus in response to daytime or night-time inflammatory stimulation. We revealed mild and transient changes with respect to the controls. Our data stress the role of STAT3 in the circadian clock response to the LPS and provide further evidence of the interaction between the circadian clock and immune system.

scholarly journals Role of the circadian clock in the statistics of locomotor activity in Drosophila

PLoS ONE ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. e0202505 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guadalupe Cascallares ◽  
Sabrina Riva ◽  
D. Lorena Franco ◽  
Sebastian Risau-Gusman ◽  
Pablo M. Gleiser
Keyword(s):  
Locomotor Activity ◽  
Circadian Clock

scholarly journals Phosphorylation of GAPVD1 Is Regulated by the PER Complex and Linked to GAPVD1 Degradation

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. 3787
Author(s):  
Hussam Ibrahim ◽  
Philipp Reus ◽  
Anna Katharina Mundorf ◽  
Anna-Lena Grothoff ◽  
Valerie Rudenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Clock ◽  
Transcriptional Repression ◽  
Small Gtpase ◽  
Main Role ◽  
Interacting Proteins ◽  
Casein Kinase 1 ◽  
Bona Fide ◽  
Kinetics Of

Repressor protein period (PER) complexes play a central role in the molecular oscillator mechanism of the mammalian circadian clock. While the main role of nuclear PER complexes is transcriptional repression, much less is known about the functions of cytoplasmic PER complexes. We found with a biochemical screen for PER2-interacting proteins that the small GTPase regulator GTPase-activating protein and VPS9 domain-containing protein 1 (GAPVD1), which has been identified previously as a component of cytoplasmic PER complexes in mice, is also a bona fide component of human PER complexes. We show that in situ GAPVD1 is closely associated with casein kinase 1 delta (CSNK1D), a kinase that regulates PER2 levels through a phosphoswitch mechanism, and that CSNK1D regulates the phosphorylation of GAPVD1. Moreover, phosphorylation determines the kinetics of GAPVD1 degradation and is controlled by PER2 and a C-terminal autoinhibitory domain in CSNK1D, indicating that the regulation of GAPVD1 phosphorylation is a novel function of cytoplasmic PER complexes and might be part of the oscillator mechanism or an output function of the circadian clock.

Ontogeny of locomotor activity and grooming in the young rat: role of dopamine D1 and D2 receptors

1990 ◽  
Vol 186 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 223-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanders A. McDougall ◽  
Timothy F. Arnold ◽  
Arthur J. Nonneman
Keyword(s):  
Locomotor Activity ◽  
D2 Receptors ◽  
D1 And D2 Receptors ◽  
Young Rat

scholarly journals Circadian clock protein Rev-erbα regulates neuroinflammation

2019 ◽  
Vol 116 (11) ◽  
pp. 5102-5107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Percy Griffin ◽  
Julie M. Dimitry ◽  
Patrick W. Sheehan ◽  
Brian V. Lananna ◽  
Chun Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Clock ◽  
Microglial Activation ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Resting State Functional Connectivity ◽  
Promoter Regions ◽  
Clock Component ◽  
Glial Cultures ◽  
Inflammatory Phenotype

Circadian dysfunction is a common attribute of many neurodegenerative diseases, most of which are associated with neuroinflammation. Circadian rhythm dysfunction has been associated with inflammation in the periphery, but the role of the core clock in neuroinflammation remains poorly understood. Here we demonstrate that Rev-erbα, a nuclear receptor and circadian clock component, is a mediator of microglial activation and neuroinflammation. We observed time-of-day oscillation in microglial immunoreactivity in the hippocampus, which was disrupted in Rev-erbα−/− mice. Rev-erbα deletion caused spontaneous microglial activation in the hippocampus and increased expression of proinflammatory transcripts, as well as secondary astrogliosis. Transcriptomic analysis of hippocampus from Rev-erbα−/− mice revealed a predominant inflammatory phenotype and suggested dysregulated NF-κB signaling. Primary Rev-erbα−/− microglia exhibited proinflammatory phenotypes and increased basal NF-κB activation. Chromatin immunoprecipitation revealed that Rev-erbα physically interacts with the promoter regions of several NF-κB–related genes in primary microglia. Loss of Rev-erbα in primary astrocytes had no effect on basal activation but did potentiate the inflammatory response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS). In vivo, Rev-erbα−/− mice exhibited enhanced hippocampal neuroinflammatory responses to peripheral LPS injection, while pharmacologic activation of Rev-erbs with the small molecule agonist SR9009 suppressed LPS-induced hippocampal neuroinflammation. Rev-erbα deletion influenced neuronal health, as conditioned media from Rev-erbα–deficient primary glial cultures exacerbated oxidative damage in cultured neurons. Rev-erbα−/− mice also exhibited significantly altered cortical resting-state functional connectivity, similar to that observed in neurodegenerative models. Our results reveal Rev-erbα as a pharmacologically accessible link between the circadian clock and neuroinflammation.

Evidence for a dysfunction and disease-promoting role of the circadian clock in the diabetic retina

2021 ◽  
Vol 211 ◽  
pp. 108751
Author(s):  
Patrick Vancura ◽  
Laura Oebel ◽  
Simon Spohn ◽  
Ute Frederiksen ◽  
Kristina Schäfer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Clock ◽  
Diabetic Retina

Central and Peripheral Clock Control of Circadian Feeding Rhythms

2021 ◽  
pp. 074873042110458
Author(s):  
Carson V. Fulgham ◽  
Austin P. Dreyer ◽  
Anita Nasseri ◽  
Asia N. Miller ◽  
Jacob Love ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Locomotor Activity ◽  
Circadian Clock ◽  
Feeding Behavior ◽  
Molecular Clock ◽  
Fat Body ◽  
Molecular Clocks ◽  
Central Brain ◽  
Feeding Rhythms ◽  
Free Running ◽  
The Brain

Many behaviors exhibit ~24-h oscillations under control of an endogenous circadian timing system that tracks time of day via a molecular circadian clock. In the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, most circadian research has focused on the generation of locomotor activity rhythms, but a fundamental question is how the circadian clock orchestrates multiple distinct behavioral outputs. Here, we have investigated the cells and circuits mediating circadian control of feeding behavior. Using an array of genetic tools, we show that, as is the case for locomotor activity rhythms, the presence of feeding rhythms requires molecular clock function in the ventrolateral clock neurons of the central brain. We further demonstrate that the speed of molecular clock oscillations in these neurons dictates the free-running period length of feeding rhythms. In contrast to the effects observed with central clock cell manipulations, we show that genetic abrogation of the molecular clock in the fat body, a peripheral metabolic tissue, is without effect on feeding behavior. Interestingly, we find that molecular clocks in the brain and fat body of control flies gradually grow out of phase with one another under free-running conditions, likely due to a long endogenous period of the fat body clock. Under these conditions, the period of feeding rhythms tracks with molecular oscillations in central brain clock cells, consistent with a primary role of the brain clock in dictating the timing of feeding behavior. Finally, despite a lack of effect of fat body selective manipulations, we find that flies with simultaneous disruption of molecular clocks in multiple peripheral tissues (but with intact central clocks) exhibit decreased feeding rhythm strength and reduced overall food intake. We conclude that both central and peripheral clocks contribute to the regulation of feeding rhythms, with a particularly dominant, pacemaker role for specific populations of central brain clock cells.

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