scholarly journals Neural responses of goldfish lateral line afferents to vortex motions

2006 ◽  
Vol 209 (2) ◽  
pp. 327-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. P. Chagnaud
Keyword(s):  
Lateral Line ◽  
Neural Responses ◽  
Lateral Line Afferents

Electroreceptors and Direction Specific Arrangement in the Lateral Line System of Salamanders?

1981 ◽  
Vol 36 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 493-496 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernd Fritzsch
Keyword(s):  
Lateral Line ◽  
Fiber Bundles ◽  
Sensory Cells ◽  
Lateral Line System ◽  
Line System ◽  
Lateral Line Organ ◽  
Posterior Lateral Line ◽  
Afferent Fibers ◽  
Lateral Line Afferents ◽  
Line Organ

Abstract The arrangement of the lateral line afferents of salamanders as revealed by transganglionic staining with horse­ radish peroxidase is described. Each lateral line organ is supplied by two fibers only. In the medulla these two afferent fibers run in separate fiber bundles. It is suggested, that only those fibers contacting lateral line sensory cells with the same polarity form together one bundle. Bundles formed by anterior or posterior lateral line afferents are also clearly separated. Beside the lateral line organs smaller pit organs are described. These organs are supplied by one afferent only which reveals an arrangement in the medulla different from that of the lateral line afferents. Based on anatomical facts, these small pit organs are considered to be electroreceptors. Centrifugally projecting neurons, most probably efferents, are described in the medulla.

Projection patterns of lateral-line afferents in anurans: A comparative HRP study

1984 ◽  
Vol 229 (3) ◽  
pp. 451-469 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernd Fritzsch ◽  
Alfeo M. Nikundiwe ◽  
Udo Will
Keyword(s):  
Lateral Line ◽  
Lateral Line Afferents

Neural transduction in Xenopus laevis lateral line system

1978 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 432-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Strelioff ◽  
V. Honrubia
Keyword(s):  
Hair Cell ◽  
Lateral Line ◽  
Hair Cells ◽  
Water Movement ◽  
Neural Response ◽  
Neural Responses ◽  
Cell Systems ◽  
Afferent Fibers ◽  
Neural Excitation ◽  
Electrical Stimuli

1. The process of neural excitation in hair cell systems was studied in an in vitro preparation of the Xenopus laevis (African clawed toad) lateral line organ. A specially designed stimulus chamber was used to apply accurately controlled pressure, water movement, or electrical stimuli, and to record the neural responses of the two afferent fibers innervating each organ or stitch. The objective of the study was to determine the characteristics of the neural responses to these stimuli, and thus gain insight into the transduction process. 2. A sustained deflection of the hair cell cilia due to a constant flow of water past the capula resulted in a maintained change in the mean firing rate (MFR) of the afferent fibers. The data also demonstrated that the neural response was proportional to the velocity of the water flow and indicated that both deflection and movement of the cilia were the effective physiological stimuli for this hair cell system. 3. The preparations responded to sinusoidal water movements (past the capula) over the entire frequency range of the stimulus chamber, 0.1-130 Hz, and were most sensitive between 10 and 40 Hz. The variation of the MFR and the percent modulation indicated that the average dynamic range of each organ was 23.5 dB. 4. The thresholds, if any, for sustained pressure changes and for sinusoidal pressure variations in the absence of water movements were very high. Due to the limitations of the stimulus chamber it was not possible to generate pressure stimuli of sufficient magnitude to elicit a neural response without also generating suprathreshold water-movement stimuli. Sustained pressures had no detectable effect on the neural response to water-movement stimuli. 5. The preparations were very sensitive to electrical potentials applied across the toad skin on which the hair cells were located. Potentials which made the ciliated surfaces of the hair cells positive with respect to their bases increased the MFR of the fibers, whereas negative potentials decreased it. The responses to sinusoidal electrical stimuli were similar to responses to water-movement stimuli with respect to frequency and dynamic ranges. Thresholds as low as 100 muV peak to peak (p-p) for 16-Hz stimuli were found. 6. The characteristics of the neural responses to electrical stimulation as well as supporting data obtained from the studies of the effects of anoxia on the evoked responses indicate that the electrical stimulus acts on the hair cells or on the synapses, rather than directly on the nerve fibers. This finding suggests that receptor potentials or their associated currents play an important role in the process of neural excitation in hair cell systems.

Responses of anterior lateral line afferent neurones to water flow

2000 ◽  
Vol 203 (16) ◽  
pp. 2495-2502 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Voigt ◽  
A.G. Carton ◽  
J.C. Montgomery
Keyword(s):  
Water Flow ◽  
Lateral Line ◽  
Cell Receptor ◽  
Lateral Line System ◽  
Line System ◽  
Water Currents ◽  
Absolute Flow ◽  
Hydrodynamic Stimuli ◽  
Lateral Line Afferents ◽  
Response To Water

The mechanoreceptive lateral line system detects hydrodynamic stimuli and plays an important role in a number of types of fish behaviour, including orientation to water currents. The lateral line is composed of hair cell receptor organs called neuromasts that occur as superficial neuromasts on the surface of the skin or canal neuromasts located in subepidermal canals. Both are innervated by primary afferents of the lateral line nerves. Although there have been extensive studies of the response properties of lateral line afferents to vibrating sources, their response to water flow has not been reported. In this study, we recorded extracellularly from anterior lateral line afferents in the New Zealand long-fin eel Anguilla dieffenbachii while stimulating the eel with unidirectional water flows at 0.5-4 cm s(−)(1). Of the afferents, 80 % were flow-sensitive to varying degrees, the response magnitude increasing with flow rate. Flow-sensitive fibres gave non-adapting tonic responses, indicating that these fibres detect absolute flow velocity. Further studies are needed to confirm whether flow-sensitive and flow-insensitive fibres correlate with superficial and canal neuromasts, respectively.

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