scholarly journals Exercise-induced maximal metabolic rate scales with muscle aerobic capacity

2005 ◽  
Vol 208 (9) ◽  
pp. 1635-1644 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. R. Weibel
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Aerobic Capacity ◽  
Maximal Metabolic Rate ◽  
Exercise Induced

Allometric scaling of maximal metabolic rate in mammals: muscle aerobic capacity as determinant factor

2004 ◽  
Vol 140 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewald R. Weibel ◽  
Leonardo D. Bacigalupe ◽  
Beat Schmitt ◽  
Hans Hoppeler
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Aerobic Capacity ◽  
Allometric Scaling ◽  
Maximal Metabolic Rate ◽  
Determinant Factor

scholarly journals Metabolic rates of aggressive/submissive phenotypes are colour blind in the polymorphic Gouldian finch

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
William A. Buttemer ◽  
Vincent Careau ◽  
Mark A. Chappell ◽  
Simon C. Griffith
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Resting Metabolic Rate ◽  
Social Rank ◽  
First Year ◽  
Metabolic Rates ◽  
Maximal Metabolic Rate ◽  
Gouldian Finch ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
Colour Morphs ◽  
Metabolic Indices

Evidence from a number of species suggests behaviours associated with social rank are positively correlated with metabolic rate. These studies, however, are based on metabolic measurements of isolated individuals, thereby ignoring potential effects of social interactions on metabolic rates. Here, we characterised three pertinent metabolic indices in the two predominant genetic colour morphs of the Gouldian finch (Erythrura gouldiae): diurnal resting metabolic rate (RMR), nocturnal basal metabolic rate (BMR), and exercise-induced maximal metabolic rate (MMR). Research reveals red-headed morphs consistently dominate the less aggressive black-headed morphs and the two morphs to differ in other behavioural and physiological traits. We measured daytime RMR of intermorph naïve birds (first-year virgin males maintained in total isolation from opposite colour morphs) and their metabolic responses to viewing a socially unfamiliar bird of each colour. Subsequently each bird was placed in a home cage with an opposite colour morph (intermorph exposed) and the series of measurements repeated. Daytime RMR was indistinguishable between the two morphs, whether intermorph naïve or intermorph exposed. However, both red- and black-headed birds showed a greater short-term increase in metabolic rate when viewing an unfamiliar red-headed bird than when seeing a black-headed bird, but only when intermorph naïve. Measurements of BMR and exercise-induced MMR did not differ between the two morphs, and consequently aerobic scope was indistinguishable between them. We propose that the suite of behavioural differences between these two sympatric morphs are functionally complementary and represent evolutionary stable strategies permitting establishment of dominance status in the absence of metabolic costs.

scholarly journals Lower extremity muscle size and strength and aerobic capacity decrease with caloric restriction but not with exercise-induced weight loss

2007 ◽  
Vol 102 (2) ◽  
pp. 634-640 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward P. Weiss ◽  
Susan B. Racette ◽  
Dennis T. Villareal ◽  
Luigi Fontana ◽  
Karen Steger-May ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Caloric Restriction ◽  
Aerobic Capacity ◽  
Lean Mass ◽  
Muscle Volume ◽  
Muscle Size ◽  
Thigh Muscle ◽  
Physical Work ◽  
Physical Work Capacity ◽  
Exercise Induced

Caloric restriction (CR) results in fat loss; however, it may also result in loss of muscle and thereby reduce strength and aerobic capacity (V̇o2 max). These effects may not occur with exercise-induced weight loss (EX) because of the anabolic effects of exercise on heart and skeletal muscle. We tested the hypothesis that CR reduces muscle size and strength and V̇o2 max, whereas EX preserves or improves these parameters. Healthy 50- to 60-yr-old men and women (body mass index of 23.5–29.9 kg/m2) were studied before and after 12 mo of weight loss by CR ( n = 18) or EX ( n = 16). Lean mass was assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, thigh muscle volume by MRI, isometric and isokinetic knee flexor strength by dynamometry, and treadmill V̇o2 max by indirect calorimetry. Both interventions caused significant decreases in body weight (CR: −10.7 ± 1.4%, EX: −9.5 ± 1.5%) and lean mass (CR: −3.5 ± 0.7%, EX: −2.2 ± 0.8%), with no significant differences between groups. Significant decreases in thigh muscle volume (−6.9 ± 0.8%) and composite knee flexion strength (−7.2 ± 3%) occurred in the CR group only. Absolute V̇o2 max decreased significantly in the CR group (−6.8 ± 2.3%), whereas the EX group had significant increases in both absolute (+15.5 ± 2.4%) and relative (+28.3 ± 3.0%) V̇o2 max. These data provide evidence that muscle mass and absolute physical work capacity decrease in response to 12 mo of CR but not in response to a similar weight loss induced by exercise. These findings suggest that, during EX, the body adapts to maintain or even enhance physical performance capacity.

Mass‐independent maximal metabolic rate predicts geographic range size of placental mammals

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 1194-1202
Author(s):  
Jack P. Hayes ◽  
Chris R. Feldman ◽  
Miguel B. Araújo
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Geographic Range ◽  
Range Size ◽  
Geographic Range Size ◽  
Maximal Metabolic Rate

scholarly journals Aerobic capacity influences the spatial position of individuals within fish schools

2011 ◽  
Vol 279 (1727) ◽  
pp. 357-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaun S. Killen ◽  
Stefano Marras ◽  
John F. Steffensen ◽  
David J. McKenzie
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Aerobic Capacity ◽  
Leading Edge ◽  
Standard Metabolic Rate ◽  
Fish Schools ◽  
Liza Aurata ◽  
Schooling Behaviour ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Focal Fish ◽  
Spatial Positioning

The schooling behaviour of fish is of great biological importance, playing a crucial role in the foraging and predator avoidance of numerous species. The extent to which physiological performance traits affect the spatial positioning of individual fish within schools is completely unknown. Schools of juvenile mullet Liza aurata were filmed at three swim speeds in a swim tunnel, with one focal fish from each school then also measured for standard metabolic rate (SMR), maximal metabolic rate (MMR), aerobic scope (AS) and maximum aerobic swim speed. At faster speeds, fish with lower MMR and AS swam near the rear of schools. These trailing fish required fewer tail beats to swim at the same speed as individuals at the front of schools, indicating that posterior positions provide hydrodynamic benefits that reduce swimming costs. Conversely, fish with high aerobic capacity can withstand increased drag at the leading edge of schools, where they could maximize food intake while possibly retaining sufficient AS for other physiological functions. SMR was never related to position, suggesting that high maintenance costs do not necessarily motivate individuals to occupy frontal positions. In the wild, shifting of individuals to optimal spatial positions during changing conditions could influence structure or movement of entire schools.

The Effects of a 20-Week Exercise Training Program on Resting Metabolic Rate in Previously Sedentary, Moderately Obese Women

2001 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heidi K. Byrne ◽  
Jack H. Wilmore
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Aerobic Capacity ◽  
Resting Metabolic Rate ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Resistance Training Program

The present study was designed to investigate the effects of exercise training on resting metabolic rate (RMR) in moderately obese women. It was hypothesized that exercise training would increase resting metabolic rate. Nineteen previously sedentary, moderately obese women (age = 38.0 ± 0.9 years, percent body fat = 37.5 ± 0.8) trained for 20 weeks using either resistance training (RT) or a combination of resistance training arid walking (RT/W). The high intensity resistance training program was designed to increase strength and fat-free mass and the walking program to increase aerobic capacity. There was also a non-exercising control group (C) of 9 subjects in this study. Fat-free mass was significantly increased in both the RT (+1.90 kg) and RT/W (+1.90 kg) groups as a result of the training program. No group showed significant changes in fat mass or relative body fat from pre- to post-training. Aerobic capacity was slightly, though significantly, increased in the RT/W group only. The RT group showed a significant increase (+44 kcal · day−1), while the RT/W group showed a significant decrease (-53 kcal · day−1) in resting metabolic rate post-training. RT can potentiate an increase in RMR through an increase in fat-free mass, and the decrease in RMR in the RT/W group may have been a result of heat acclimation from the walk training.

Bioenergetics and stellar luminosities

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 211-212
Author(s):  
C Sivaram ◽  
K Arun ◽  
O V Kiren
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Unit Mass ◽  
Infrared Galaxies ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Luminous Infrared Galaxies ◽  
Maximal Metabolic Rate ◽  
Luminous Objects ◽  
The Universe

AbstractWe draw attention to a curious coincidence wherein the most (steadily emitting) luminous objects in the Universe from stellar X-ray sources to ultra-luminous quasars and Ultra Luminous Infrared Galaxies, steadily emit a power per unit mass, which is just the same value as the maximal metabolic rate in (warm-blooded) bio-organisms.

Speeding up Growth: Selection for Mass-Independent Maximal Metabolic Rate Alters Growth Rates

2016 ◽  
Vol 187 (3) ◽  
pp. 295-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cynthia J. Downs ◽  
Jessi L. Brown ◽  
Bernard W. M. Wone ◽  
Edward R. Donovan ◽  
Jack P. Hayes
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Growth Selection ◽  
Maximal Metabolic Rate ◽  
Selection For
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