Biochemical and ultrastructural studies of human eccrine sweat glands isolated by shearing and maintained for seven days

1984 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 259-274
Author(s):  
C.M. Lee ◽  
C.J. Jones ◽  
T. Kealey
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Amp ◽  
Cyclic Gmp ◽  
Collecting Duct ◽  
Energy Charge ◽  
Light And Electron Microscopy ◽  
Sweat Glands ◽  
Ultrastructural Studies ◽  
Leucine Uptake ◽  
Eccrine Sweat Glands ◽  
Eccrine Sweat

A new method of isolating human eccrine sweat glands by the repeated dissection of skin biopsies with scissors is described. The success of the technique is attributed to a potential line of weakness between the investing capsule and the surrounding connective tissue, which parts under shear forces. The yield is 20–50 glands per biopsy (5 cm X 0.5 cm). The glands are judged to be viable by: (i) light and electron microscopy; (ii) ATP, ADP and AMP contents of 81.0 +/− 12.7, 13.8 +/− 3.3 and 3.8 +/− 1.0 pmol/gland, respectively (mean +/− S.E.M.), which gave an energy charge of 0.90; (iii) the 28-fold rise in cyclic GMP content and the sevenfold rise in cyclic AMP content effected by treatment for 2 min with 10(−5) M-acetylcholine and for 10 min with 10(−5) M-isoprenaline, respectively; (iv) the rate of [3H]leucine uptake into protein; and (v) the concentration of Neutral Red by the collecting duct. Glands were maintained for 7 days on polycarbonate filters floating on RPMI 1640 tissue-culture medium. After this time the ATP, ADP and AMP contents were 63.2 +/− 7.3, 8.5 +/− 2.2 and 3.5 +/− 0.8 pmol/gland, respectively (mean +/− S.E.M.), which gave an energy charge of 0.90. During maintenance a dilatation of the intercellular spaces developed in both secretory coil and collecting duct. Following maintenance there was a significant rise in the rate of [3H]leucine uptake into protein. Maintained glands demonstrated a fivefold greater accumulation of cyclic AMP in response to isoprenaline than did freshly isolated glands, but there was no comparable maintenance hypersensitivity of cyclic GMP to acetylcholine. This pattern of adrenergic, but not cholinergic, maintenance hypersensitivity matches the known lack of denervation hypersensitivity of human eccrine sweat glands to acetylcholine in vivo.

scholarly journals AN ELECTRON MICROSCOPIC STUDY OF ECCRINE SWEAT GLANDS OF THE CAT FOOT AND TOE PADS—EVIDENCE FOR DUCTAL REABSORPTION IN THE HUMAN

1961 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 403-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bryce L. Munger ◽  
Saul W. Brusilow
Keyword(s):  
Light And Electron Microscopy ◽  
Sweat Glands ◽  
Striking Difference ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Ductal Cells ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Foot Pad ◽  
Eccrine Sweat Glands ◽  
Eccrine Sweat

The eccrine sweat glands of the cat foot and toe pads have been studied by light and electron microscopy before and after stimulation with mecholyl. The ultrastructure of these glands in the cat is found to be entirely comparable to that in the human (13). The ultrastructure and staining properties of the secretory segment of the two species are identical. The ductal part of the feline gland is shorter and the ductal cells have only scant mitochondria as compared with the human. Since Brusilow et al. (1) have observed that the secretion of the cat foot pad is isotonic as compared with human sweat, which is hypotonic, and since the secretory segments of the two species are structurally identical, the striking difference in the morphology of the duct is regarded as being responsible for the difference in the chemistry of the secretion of the two species. Thus the duct in the human is capable of reabsorbing sodium and chloride.

The primary culture of epithelia from the secretory coil and collecting duct of normal human and cystic fibrotic eccrine sweat glands

1986 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-118
Author(s):  
C.M. Lee ◽  
F. Carpenter ◽  
T. Coaker ◽  
T. Kealey
Keyword(s):  
Ion Transport ◽  
Collecting Duct ◽  
Serum Insulin ◽  
Primary Cultures ◽  
Calf Serum ◽  
Sweat Glands ◽  
Foetal Calf Serum ◽  
Secretory Coil ◽  
Eccrine Sweat Glands ◽  
Eccrine Sweat

Isolated human eccrine sweat glands have been microdissected into their secretory and reabsorptive components. Complete separation of these epithelia was confirmed by differential uptake of Neutral Red stain by an intermediate section of gland containing the junction between the secretory coil and the collecting duct. Primary cultures were obtained from explants of both tissues in medium RPMI-1640 or Williams E supplemented with foetal calf serum, insulin, transferrin, epidermal growth factor and hydrocortisone. The cells in the initial coil cultures had an elongated morphology while those of ductal origin were polyhedral. After 10 days both cultures were composed of polyhedral cells of varying diameter. All these morphological types were of epithelial lineage, as demonstrated by the binding of a monoclonal antibody to cytokeratin, the intermediate filament specific for epithelial cells. Outgrowth from both secretory and reabsorptive epithelia were multilayered, with plentiful desmosomal connections and an underlying basal lamina. Ultrastructural features typical of the epithelial cell types present in intact eccrine sweat glands were absent in a high proportion of the proliferating cells but domes, indicative of transepithelial active ion transport, were present in dense cultures from the reabsorptive duct. Outgrowth was also obtained from the secretory and reabsorptive epithelia of sweat glands from two cystic fibrotic patients. Since the most characteristic malfunction of cystic fibrosis is the impaired ion transport in the eccrine sweat gland, the availability of cultured epithelia should provide a useful model for study of the disease.

Freeze-Fracture Examination of Tight Junctions of Human Eccrine Sweat Glands

1980 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 634-635
Author(s):  
J. V. Briggman ◽  
J. Bigelow ◽  
H. Bank ◽  
S. S. Spicer
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Freeze Fracture ◽  
Sweat Glands ◽  
Hypertonic Solution ◽  
Dark Cells ◽  
Clear Cells ◽  
Junctional Complexes ◽  
Secretory Coil ◽  
Eccrine Sweat Glands ◽  
Eccrine Sweat

The prevalence of strands shown by freeze-fracture in the zonula occludens of junctional complexes is thought to correspond closely with the transepi-thelial electrical resistance and with the tightness of the junction and its obstruction to paracellular flow.1 The complexity of the network of junc¬tional complex strands does not appear invariably related to the degree of tightness of the junction, however, as rabbit ileal junctions have a complex network of strands and are permeable to lanthanum. In human eccrine sweat glands the extent of paracellular relative to transcellular flow remains unknown, both for secretion of the isotonic precursor fluid by the coil and for resorption of a hypertonic solution by the duct. The studies reported here undertook, therefore, to determine with the freeze-fracture technique the complexity of the network of ridges in the junctional complexes between cells in the secretory coil and the sweat ducts. Glands from a patient with cystic fibrosis were also examined because an alteration in junctional strands could underlie the decreased Na+ resorption by sweat ducts in this disease. Freeze-fracture replicas were prepared by standard procedures on isolated coil and duct segments of human sweat glands. Junctional complexes between clear cells, between dark cells and between clear and dark cells on the main lumen, and between clear cells on intercellular canaliculi of the coil con¬tained abundant anastomosing closely spaced strands averaging 6.4 + 0.7 (mean + SE) and 9.0 +0.5 (Fig. 1) per complex, respectively. Thus, the junctions in the intercellular canaliculi of the coil appeared comparable in complexity to those of tight epithlia. Occasional junctions exhibited, in addition, 2 to 5 widely spaced anastomosing strands in a very close network basal to the compact network. The fewer junctional complexes observed thus far between the superficial duct cells consisted on the average of 6 strands arranged in a close network and 1 to 4 underlying strands that lay widely separated from one another (Fig. 2). The duct epitelium would, thus, be judged slightly more "leaky" than the coil. Infrequent junctional complexes observed to date in the secretory coil segment of a cystic fibrosis specimen disclosed rela¬tively few closely crowded strands.

scholarly journals Training of Eccrine Sweat Glands in Paraplegics

1970 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 229-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Becky B. Johnson ◽  
Robert E. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Sweat Glands ◽  
Eccrine Sweat Glands ◽  
Eccrine Sweat

Tufted angioma associated with hyperplasia of eccrine sweat glands

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 548-550
Author(s):  
Y. Saito ◽  
Y. Shimomura ◽  
R. Abe
Keyword(s):  
Sweat Glands ◽  
Tufted Angioma ◽  
Eccrine Sweat Glands ◽  
Eccrine Sweat

Pharmacologic responsiveness of isolated single eccrine sweat glands

1981 ◽  
Vol 240 (1) ◽  
pp. R44-R51 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Sato ◽  
F. Sato
Keyword(s):  
Dose Response ◽  
Dissociation Constants ◽  
Sweat Rate ◽  
Sweat Glands ◽  
Adrenergic Agonist ◽  
Beta Adrenergic ◽  
Adrenergic Agents ◽  
Eccrine Sweat Glands ◽  
Eccrine Sweat

Pharmacologic responsiveness of the eccrine sweat gland has never been studied under well-defined in vitro experimental conditions. Using isolated cannulated single monkey palm eccrine sweat glands, the dose response to both cholinergic and alpha- and beta-adrenergic agents and the effects of various antagonists on agonists were studied. The maximal sweat rate was highest after stimulation with cholinergic agonists, was lower with the beta-adrenergic agonist, and was least with the alpha-adrenergic agonist. Each secretory response was inhibited by its specific antagonist. Attempts to demonstrate the spare receptor, if any, by means of preincubation of the glands with N-(2-chlorethyl)dibenzylamine (Dibenamine) were unsuccessful. From the hyperbolic dose-response curves the values for KA and KB, dissociation constants for agonists and antagonists, respectively, were thus tentatively estimated according to Clark's classical receptor theory. Schild plots for each agonist-antagonist interaction produced straight lines with slopes of near unity, indicating the adequacy of the methodology. It was concluded that the isolated eccrine sweat glands retain their pharmacologic viability in vitro and show responsiveness to cholinergic as well as both alpha- and beta-adrenergic stimulations.

Foxa1 gene and protein in developing rat eccrine sweat glands

2016 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haihong Li ◽  
Liyun Chen ◽  
Mingjun Zhang ◽  
Bingna Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Sweat Glands ◽  
Developing Rat ◽  
Eccrine Sweat Glands ◽  
Eccrine Sweat

scholarly journals Cutaneous Microdialysis as a Novel Means of Continuously Stimulating Eccrine Sweat Glands In Vivo

2006 ◽  
Vol 126 (6) ◽  
pp. 1220-1225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline J. Morgan ◽  
Peter S. Friedmann ◽  
Martin K. Church ◽  
Geraldine F. Clough
Keyword(s):  
Sweat Glands ◽  
Eccrine Sweat Glands ◽  
Eccrine Sweat
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