Electron-Microscopic Observations of Polyoma Virus-Transformed Mouse Cells Treated with Specific Immune Serum

1970 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 711-718
Author(s):  
G. NEGRONI ◽  
RITA TILLY
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Immune Serum ◽  
Polyoma Virus ◽  
Malignant Cells ◽  
Serum Complement ◽  
Cell Organelles ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Mouse Cells ◽  
Pig Serum

Transformed, non-malignant cells from a polyoma virus-induced mouse fibrosarcoma were treated with immune serum raised in isologous mice, and fresh guinea-pig serum (complement). Electron microscopy showed that reduction in cell viability in vitro was associated with damage to cell membranes. The extravasated cell organelles showed only minimal changes.

Some Structural Features of Metaphase Chromosomes of Mice and Men

1967 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 190-191
Author(s):  
Godfrey C. Hoskins ◽  
Betty B. Hoskins
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Electron Micrographs ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Metaphase Chromosomes ◽  
The Future ◽  
Of Mice And Men ◽  
Mouse Cells ◽  
Human And Mouse

Metaphase chromosomes from human and mouse cells in vitro are isolated by micrurgy, fixed, and placed on grids for electron microscopy. Interpretations of electron micrographs by current methods indicate the following structural features.Chromosomal spindle fibrils about 200Å thick form fascicles about 600Å thick, wrapped by dense spiraling fibrils (DSF) less than 100Å thick as they near the kinomere. Such a fascicle joins the future daughter kinomere of each metaphase chromatid with those of adjacent non-homologous chromatids to either side. Thus, four fascicles (SF, 1-4) attach to each metaphase kinomere (K). It is thought that fascicles extend from the kinomere poleward, fray out to let chromosomal fibrils act as traction fibrils against polar fibrils, then regroup to join the adjacent kinomere.

Dipetalonema viteae: ultrastructural study on the in vitro interaction between rat macrophages and microfilariae in the presence of IgE antibody

Parasitology ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Ouaissi ◽  
A. Haque ◽  
A. Capron
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Ultrastructural Study ◽  
Peritoneal Macrophages ◽  
Immune Serum ◽  
Sequence Of Events ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Dipetalonema Viteae ◽  
In Vitro Interaction

SUMMARYThe in vitro interaction between rat peritoneal macrophages and Dipetalonema viteae microfilariae in the presence of amicrofilaraemic rat immune serum was studied by transmission electron microscopy. The probable sequence of events leading to the killing of D. viteae microfilaria by macrophages is as follows. (a) Rat peritoneal macrophages in the presence of amicrofilaraemic rat immune serum adhere to the parasite surface, (b) the macrophages extend their pseudopodia around the parasite, (c) the ‘lysosome-like’ granules discharge their contents on to the parasite surface, (d) the lytic activity of these products begins at the parasite surface and (e) subsequent breaking of the microfilarial cuticle occurs, exposing the parasite intracellular material.

The in vitro action of immune pig serum on second - and third-stage Ascaris suum larvae

Parasitology ◽  
1961 ◽  
Vol 51 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 327-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. F. Taffs
Keyword(s):  
Excretory Pore ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Small Degree ◽  
Immune Serum ◽  
Normal Serum ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Antigenic Material ◽  
Pig Serum

Third and artificially hatched second-stage larvae of A. suum were exposed to the action of saline and normal and homologous immune pig serum. Precipitates developed at the mouth, excretory pore, anus and around the cuticle of third-stage larvae when they were placed in immune pig serum, but not in saline or normal serum. Precipitate was most evident at the excretory pore and was often the first precipitate to form. It is suggested that the excretory products may play an important role in stimulating the production of antibody in the host. A relationship was noted between the antibody titre of the serum and the amount of precipitate, the life span of the larvae, their activity, and the rate at which precipitates formed. It is concluded that the titre of the serum was in some degree a measure of the ability of the host to resist reinfection.Circumlarval precipitates did not form when second-stage larvae were placed in samples of the same immune serum. It is pointed out that this may be due to the lack of sufficient antigenic material available to react with antibody in the antisera. It is also suggested that an absence of sufficient larval antigen may also partly account for the small degree of resistance exhibited by the resistant host within the first 2 or 3 days of reinfection.The work, which is abstracted from a Ph.D. thesis, was carried out in 1957 under the tenure of an Animal Health Trust Wellcome Fellowship. I am grateful to Dr Soulsby, under whose guidance this work was carried out.

scholarly journals An Electron Microscope Study of Polyoma Virus in Hamster Kidney

1960 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 753-760 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allan F. Howatson ◽  
June D. Almeida
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Stromal Cells ◽  
Polyoma Virus ◽  
Tubular Structures ◽  
Cytoplasmic Inclusions ◽  
Virus Particles ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Mouse Cells ◽  
Newborn Animals

Electron microscope studies were made of hamster kidneys taken at daily intervals after injection of a variant of polyoma virus into newborn animals. Particular attention was paid to the period 5 to 6 days after injection at which time the necrotizing response was at its peak and virus particles were seen in greatest numbers. The most numerous particles were about 28 mµ in diameter. They were observed mainly within nuclei of stromal cells and are similar to the particles seen in large numbers in polyoma-infected mouse cells growing in vitro. They were not observed in cells of fully developed tumors. Filamentous or tubular structures closely associated with the 28 mµ particles and probably concerned in their formation are described. Considerable quantities of viral material were contained within cytoplasmic inclusions. In some of the inclusions larger particles of diameter 60 mµ were observed. The origin of these particles and their relation to the 28 mµ particles is discussed.

Morphometrical Ultrastructural Studies of the Rat's Hepatocytes Under Cooling

1997 ◽  
Vol 3 (S2) ◽  
pp. 245-246
Author(s):  
A.S. Kaprelyants ◽  
A.A. Kaprelyants ◽  
A.N. Reylan ◽  
R.K. Migunova
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Rat Hepatocyte ◽  
Ultrastructural Studies ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopic ◽  
Morphometric Methods

The aim of given investigation is to study the effect of cooling upon rat hepatocyte structure using transmission electron microscopic and computer morphometric methods. Ultrastructural and morphometrical characteristics of hepatocytes under liver cooling for various levels under in vivo and in vitro conditions were investigated. Vistar rats of 180-250 g were used in the experiment. Liver cooling (in vivo) was performed by means of original cryoapplicator with different probe temperature (1,2). Liver tissue for transmission electron microscopy was fixed in glutaraldehyde fixator on cocadylate buffer and OsO4. Dehydration was completed on acetone (3). Tissue embedding was done into the mixture of Epon/Araldite epoxy rasin. Ultrathin slices were contrasted by the method of Reinolds. Cell viewing and imaging were accomplished by electron microscope at accelerating power of 75kV.Morphometrical and stereometrical analysis was performed using the “Morpho-Tools” original computer system (c) 1994-1996 A.S. Kaprelyants, A.A. Kaprelyants, A.N. Reylan .

Microscopical observations on immune precipitates formedin vitroon the surface of hymenolepid tapeworms

Parasitology ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 109 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Hoole ◽  
J. Andreassen ◽  
D. Birklund
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Immune Serum ◽  
Culture Vessel ◽  
Serum Antibodies ◽  
Secretory Products ◽  
Hymenolepis Microstoma

SUMMARYFour-day-old worms of the tapewormsHymenolepis microstoma,H. diminutaandH. nanaand newly excystedH. microstomawere exposed in vitro at 37 °C to immune serum from mice infected for 4–1 2 weeks withH. microstoma. Worms were fixed for electron microscopy after intervals of 5 min to 96 h. Within 10–15 min an homogeneous precipitate occurred between the microtriches of 4-day-oldH. microstomaandH. nana, while on some areas ofH. microstomathe precipitate extended distal to the microthrix border and contained small vesicles (30 nm in diameter) and shed microtriches. InH. diminutaprecipitates were not found until 2 h post-incubation. The thickness of the precipitate and the number of small vesicles and shed microtriches increased with time after incubation. Since a similar precipitate occurred on worms kept in complement-depleted immune serum, antibodies alone may induce immune damage. The precipitate on newly excystedH. microstomalacked microthrix fragments. After 48 h an extensive precipitate was found protruding from the rostellar glands on someH. microstoma, and within the culture vessel. Antibodies may therefore be complexing with tapeworm secretory products.

scholarly journals Effects of the essential oil of Lippia gracilis Schauer on caulinary shoots of heliconia cultivated in vitro

2012 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.C. Albuquerque ◽  
T.R. Camara ◽  
A.E.G. Sant'ana ◽  
C. Ulisses ◽  
L. Willadino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Main Constituent ◽  
Cell Organelles ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Main Components

The effects of thymol and carvacrol and the essential oil of Lippia gracilis on caulinary shoots of heliconia were evaluated. After disinfection, the shoots were inoculated into MS medium and subjected to the treatments with 420 µL L-1 of essential oil (EO) of L. gracilis; 420 µL L-1 of thymol; 420 µL L-1 of carvacrol; 210 µL L-1 of thymol and 210 µL L-1 of carvacrol. The control treatment consisted of the MS medium without any phytoregulators. The main components of EO from L. gracilis are carvacrol, ρ-cimene, and thymol. Seven days after the initiation of the experiments, 36.3% of the control treatment shoots were necrotized, but 90% of the caulinary shoots exposed to EO, thymol, or carvacrol appeared necrotized. Transmission electron microscopy of the shoots revealed that the treatment with EO, thymol, or carvacrol caused the destruction of the plasma cell membranes, and the cell organelles and the nucleus were hardly evident. The EO and its main constituent were toxic to caulinary shoots of heliconia.

scholarly journals Electron-Microscopic Studies on the Palatine Tonsil of the Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis)

2021 ◽  
pp. 6-13
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Alhaji Girgiri ◽  
◽  
Pawan Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mucosal Surface ◽  
Palatine Tonsil ◽  
Surface Epithelium ◽  
Cell Organelles ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
High Endothelial Venules ◽  
Palatine Tonsils ◽  
Transmission Electron

The study examined the ultrastructural features of the palatine tonsils of the local mixed breed of adult buffaloes using scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The tissue samples collected from the palatine tonsils were fixed in 2% glutaraldehyde solution and processed for scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The scanning electron microscopy of the tonsil's surface epithelium presented folded mucosa consisting of folds divided by shallow grooves. The mucosal surface was having a squamous arrangement of cells that were delineated from the adjacent cells. These cells at higher magnification presented the microplicae, which appeared as if filled with material. A few small duct openings were irregularly placed throughout the mucosal surface. The transmission electron-microscopy elaborated structural details of the distinct strata of the surface and reticular epithelia, the cell organelles as well as the lymphocytes migration across the high endothelial venules. The vesiculo-vacuolar organelle was also observed. The study provided detailed ultramicroscopic features of the palatine tonsil, which might play a significant role in the induction of immunity against ingested antigens sampled at the mucosal surface.

Epithelial-mesenchymal transformation during palatal fusion: carboxyfluorescein traces cells at light and electron microscopic levels

Development ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 116 (4) ◽  
pp. 1087-1099 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.M. Griffith ◽  
E.D. Hay
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Basal Layer ◽  
Subsequent Development ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Medial Edge ◽  
Mesenchymal Transformation ◽  
First Time

During the fusion of rodent embryo palatal shelves, the cells of the outer epithelial layer slough off, allowing the cells of the medial edge basal layer to form a midline seam that undergoes epithelial-mesenchymal transformation, as judged by electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry. In this study, we analyze the fate of the transformed cells using a lipid soluble dye to label the medial edge epithelium in situ. Prefusion E14 mouse palates were exposed in vitro or in vivo to a fluoresceinated lipid soluble marker, carboxydichlorofluorescein diacetate succinimidyl ester (CCFSE), which localizes in epithelia as a lipid insoluble compound that does not pass into the connective tissue compartment. The midline seam that formed after 24 hours contained labelled epithelial cells that were replaced by individually labelled mesenchymal cells where the seam transformed. By light microscopy, the labelled cells were seen to contain intensely fluorescent bodies that do not react for acid phosphatase. We were able for the first time to identify these structures by electron microscopy as CCFSE isolation bodies. The cells with isolation bodies are clearly healthy and able to participate in subsequent development of the palate. At 4 days after labelling, individual CCFSE containing cells present in the palate mesenchyme occupy both midline and lateral areas and can clearly be classified as fibroblasts by electron microscopy. CCFSE is a far more useful marker than another lipid soluble marker, DiI, for following cells, because the cells can be fixed and identified both at the light and electron microscope levels. Interestingly, if labelled palatal shelves are not allowed to fuse in vitro, the basal epithelial cells do not form mesenchyme after sloughing, indicating that formation of the epithelial midline seam is necessary to trigger its epithelial-mesenchymal transformation.

A Descriptive in vitro Electron Microscopic Study of Acidic Fluoride-Treated Enamel: Potential Anti-Erosion Effects

2015 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 618-625 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl Hjortsjö ◽  
Alix Young ◽  
Andreas Kiesow ◽  
Andreas Cismak ◽  
Lutz Berthold ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Focused Ion Beam ◽  
Surface Film ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Dental Enamel ◽  
Surface Films ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Human Teeth ◽  
Cross Sectional

This study aimed to investigate the surface zones of acidic fluoride-treated enamel. Human teeth were each divided into three or four enamel specimens that were treated for 10 min with solutions of 0.2 and 0.4% HF (pH 3.09 and 2.94), 1.74% SnF2 (pH 2.9), 0.68% TiF4 (pH 1.6) and 0.84% NaF (pH 4.5). Untreated specimens functioned as negative controls. The microstructure and elemental composition of the surface zones were studied by scanning electron microscopy/energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and nanospot-EDX following cross-sectional preparation using focused ion beam technology. TEM/EDX analyses of NaF-treated specimens showed a 500-nm-thick closed surface film containing 20-40 at% (atomic percent) F. HF-treated specimens had a distinct surface film 200-600 nm thick (dense, not globular) containing 45-47 at% F. TiF4-treated specimens had a surface film of 200-300 nm in thickness containing 8-11 at% Ti but no detectable fluoride. SnF2-treated specimens had a modified surface enamel layer varying in thickness from 200 to 800 nm with an inhomogeneous distribution of Sn. Local spots were detected with as high as 8 at% Sn (30 wt%, weight percent). The results suggest that the reaction mechanisms of SnF2 and TiF4 solutions with dental enamel differ from those occurring after enamel exposure to acidulated NaF and HF solutions. While the HF and NaF treatments resulted in the formation of CaF2-like material as shown by EDX, no significant surface fluoridation was found for SnF2 and TiF4 solutions within the TEM/EDX detection limits. These results suggest that the erosion-protective mechanisms of these latter compounds probably relate more to the formation of hardly soluble and acid-resistant reaction surface films and less to surface fluoride incorporation.

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