scholarly journals Structure and function analysis of the C. elegans aminophospholipid translocase TAT-1

2019 ◽  
Vol 132 (5) ◽  
pp. jcs227660
Author(s):  
Yu-Zen Chen ◽  
Katharina Klöditz ◽  
Eui-Seung Lee ◽  
Diemmy Pham Nguyen ◽  
Quan Yuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Function Analysis ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Aminophospholipid Translocase ◽  
C Elegans ◽  
And Function

Structure and function analysis of a CC-NBS-LRR protein AT1G12290

2021 ◽  
Vol 534 ◽  
pp. 206-211
Author(s):  
Jianzhong Huang ◽  
Xiaoqiu Wu ◽  
Kaiting Sun ◽  
Zhiyong Gao
Keyword(s):  
Function Analysis ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
And Function ◽  
Lrr Protein

Abstract 112: Cardiac-specific Constitutive Activation of Nrf2 Induces Reductive Stress and Pathological Cardiac Remodeling

2017 ◽  
Vol 121 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gobinath Shanmugam ◽  
Madhusudhanan Narasimhan ◽  
Jolyn Fernandes ◽  
Kevin Whitehead ◽  
Silvio H Litovsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Remodeling ◽  
Function Analysis ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Heart Weight ◽  
Wall Thickening ◽  
Antioxidant Genes ◽  
Reductive Stress ◽  
Chronic Activation ◽  
And Function

Background: Heart failure is a growing cause of human morbidity and mortality. Supplementations of free radical scavenging antioxidants have largely failed to protect the myocardium from oxidative stress diseases. While endogenous transcriptional activation of antioxidants appears to be promising, their chronic effects are unknown. Here, we tested a hypothesis that chronic activation of antioxidant system will result in reductive stress (RS) and lead to pathological cardiac hypertrophy. Methods: Novel transgenic (TG) mice expressing constitutively active Nrf2 in the heart (α-MHC-caNrf2-TG) and their littermates were used to study the effects on structure and function of the myocardium. Myocardial glutathione redox state (GSH/GSSG), transcript levels (qPCR), and protein (immunoblotting) for Nrf2-related antioxidants and structure and function analysis (echocardiography - Vevo2100 Imager) in Non-transgenic (NTg), TG-low and TG-high mice (n=6-12/gp.) were performed at 6-8 months of age. Further, changes in cardiomyocytes and rate of survival in TG mice were analyzed. Results: Kaplan-Meier survival plots demonstrated 10 and 40% mortality in TG-low and TG-high, respectively, compared to NTG by 60 weeks of age. The myocardial glutathione and its redox ratio (GSH/GSSG) were significantly increased (p<0.05) in the TG-low and TG-high compared with NTg mice indicates development of RS. A significant increase in Nrf2-ARE (promoter) binding with increased expression of antioxidant genes and proteins (p<0.05) were noted in TG vs. NTg mice. Increased heart-to-body weight and heart weight to tibia length ratios were prominent in TG-high relative to NTg or TG-low mice. Histological analyses (WGA, H&E staining) showed increased cardiomyocyte size, ventricular wall thickening and decreased chamber volume in TG mice. Echocardiography analyses revealed significant hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with abnormally increased ejection fraction (HCM i EF) due to chronic reductive stress. Conclusion: Thus, basal attenuation of the obligatory oxidative signaling with chronic activation of Nrf2-antioxidants could shift the redox equilibrium to “reductive” side and thereby causing pathological cardiac remodeling.

scholarly journals Structure-function analysis of Arabidopsis TOPLESS reveals fundamental conservation of repression mechanisms across eukaryotes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander R. Leydon ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
Hardik P. Gala ◽  
Sabrina Gilmour ◽  
Samuel Juarez-Solis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Function Analysis ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Environmental Cues ◽  
Auxin Response ◽  
Middle Domain ◽  
N Terminus ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Repression Domain

SummaryThe plant corepressor TOPLESS (TPL) is recruited to a large number of loci that are selectively induced in response to developmental or environmental cues, yet the mechanisms by which it inhibits expression in the absence of these stimuli is poorly understood. Previously, we had used the N-terminus of Arabidopsis thaliana TPL to enable repression of a synthetic auxin response circuit in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (yeast). Here, we leveraged the yeast system to interrogate the relationship between TPL structure and function, specifically scanning for repression domains. We identified a potent repression domain in Helix 8 located within the CRA domain, which directly interacted with the Mediator middle domain subunits Med21 and Med10. Interactions between TPL and Mediator were required to fully repress transcription in both yeast and plants. In contrast, we found that multimer formation, a conserved feature of many corepressors, had minimal influence on the repression strength of TPL.

scholarly journals Structure and function of a neocortical synapse

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Holler-Rickauer ◽  
German Köstinger ◽  
Kevan A.C. Martin ◽  
Gregor F.P. Schuhknecht ◽  
Ken J. Stratford
Keyword(s):  
Pyramidal Neurons ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Excitatory Postsynaptic Potential ◽  
Brain Volumes ◽  
C Elegans ◽  
Synaptic Release ◽  
Hippocampal Synapses ◽  
Large Brain ◽  
And Function ◽  
Whole Cell Recordings

Thirty-four years since the small nervous system of the nematode C. elegans was manually reconstructed in the electron microscope (EM)1, ‘high-throughput’ EM techniques now enable the dense reconstruction of neural circuits within increasingly large brain volumes at synaptic resolution2–6. As with C. elegans, however, a key limitation for inferring brain function from neuronal wiring diagrams is that it remains unknown how the structure of a synapse seen in EM relates to its physiological transmission strength. Here, we related structure and function of the same synapses to bridge this gap: we combined paired whole-cell recordings of synaptically connected pyramidal neurons in slices of mouse somatosensory cortex with correlated light microscopy and high-resolution EM of all putative synaptic contacts between the neurons. We discovered a linear relationship between synapse size (postsynaptic density area) and synapse strength (excitatory postsynaptic potential amplitude), which provides an experimental foundation for assigning the actual physiological weights to synaptic connections seen in the EM. Furthermore, quantal analysis revealed that the number of vesicle release sites exceeded the number of anatomical synapses formed by a connection by a factor of at least 2.6, which challenges the current understanding of synaptic release in neocortex and suggests that neocortical synapses operate with multivesicular release, like hippocampal synapses7–11. Thus, neocortical synapses are more complex computational devices and may modulate their strength more flexibly than previously thought, with the corollary that the canonical neocortical microcircuitry possesses significantly higher computational power than estimated by current models.

scholarly journals Purana Pura Suniantara Analisis Struktur dan Fungsi

HUMANIS ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 140
Author(s):  
Ni Luh Gede Yunita Kazi Wiguna ◽  
I Gde Nala Antara ◽  
I Ketut Ngurah Sulibra
Keyword(s):  
Function Analysis ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Text Structure ◽  
Narrative Text ◽  
Inductive Method ◽  
Moral Value ◽  
Language Variety ◽  
Faithful Servant ◽  
Observation Method ◽  
And Function

This research analyzes traditional Balinese literature works in the form of narrative text. The analyzed text is Purana Pura Suniantara Analysis of Structure and Function. It tells the story about Dalem Suniantara Temple during the reign of I Gusti Agung Jambe Tangkeban along with a faithful servant, I Gede Batan Nyuh. This research used structural theory by Teeuw and Nurgiyantoro. Method and technique used is falls into three stages, which are data obtained by using observation method, supported by reading and note taking technique. Data analyzed stage uses qualitative method and analytic descriptive technique, while result provision of data analysis used informal method and supported by deductive as well as inductive method. The result obtained from this research is structure and function of test, including to structure format which are consist of Purana Pura Suniantara teks, as well as its text’s form and language variety. Based on its language variety, Purana Pura Suniantara teks used Kawi – Bali language which is a mixture of Sanskrit, Old Javanese, Middle Javanesse, and Balinese. Narrative text structure consists of plot, background, characterization, theme, and moral value. Further, function analysis consists of historical, social, and religious function.

scholarly journals Structure and function analysis of the essential 3′X domain of hepatitis C virus

RNA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 186-198
Author(s):  
Jesús Castillo-Martínez ◽  
Tamara Ovejero ◽  
Cristina Romero-López ◽  
Isaías Sanmartín ◽  
Beatriz Berzal-Herranz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Function Analysis ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
And Function
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