Growth of 9·5-day rat embryos in human serum

Development ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
M. Gupta ◽  
F. Beck
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factors ◽  
Human Serum ◽  
Dna Content ◽  
Rat Serum ◽  
Rat Embryos ◽  
Embryonic Growth ◽  
Essential Growth

Rat embryos were explanted at 9·5 days and cultured for 48 h in human serum supplemented with glucose. The embryos were anaemic and frequently malformed. The haemoglobin and DNA content of these embryos was less than those grown in pure rat serum. Addition of 10% rat serum improved the embryonic growth as well as the haemoglobin and DNA content. This suggests that rat serum provides essential growth factors required by the embryos which are not present in human serum.

Culture of 9½-day rat embryos in human serum supplemented and unsupplemented with rat serum

1982 ◽  
Vol 223 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leslie L. Reti ◽  
Felix Beck ◽  
Stephanie Bulman
Keyword(s):  
Human Serum ◽  
Rat Serum ◽  
Rat Embryos

Methionine and iron as growth factors for rat embryos cultured in canine serum

1987 ◽  
Vol 244 (2) ◽  
pp. 319-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas J. Flynn ◽  
Leonard Friedman ◽  
Thomas N. Black ◽  
Norman W. Klein
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factors ◽  
Rat Embryos ◽  
Canine Serum

scholarly journals Growth factors in human serum during operative tibial lengthening with the ilizarov method

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (12) ◽  
pp. 1966-1970 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maksim V. Stogov ◽  
Svetlana N. Luneva ◽  
Konstantin I. Novikov
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factors ◽  
Human Serum ◽  
Ilizarov Method ◽  
Tibial Lengthening

scholarly journals Effects of growth factors during in vitro culture of mouse and rat embryos

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 372
Author(s):  
E. Yu. Brusentsev ◽  
T. N. Igonina ◽  
I. N. Rozhkova ◽  
D. S. Ragaeva ◽  
S. Ya. Amstislavsky
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factors ◽  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Rat Embryos

EFFECT OF THYROID STATUS ON THE THYROTROPHIN-RELEASING HORMONE-DEGRADING ACTIVITY OF RAT SERUM

1976 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. WHITE ◽  
S. L. JEFFCOATE ◽  
E. C. GRIFFITHS ◽  
K. C. HOOPER
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Human Serum ◽  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Thyroid Status ◽  
Rat Serum ◽  
Thyrotrophin Releasing Hormone ◽  
Releasing Hormone ◽  
Tsh Levels

SUMMARY The TRH-degrading activity of rat serum in vitro is five times more potent than that of human serum. In rats, it is significantly reduced in hypothyroidism (thiouracil-induced) and significantly increased in hyperthyroidism (T3 or T4-induced). This suggests a possible role in the regulation of adenohypophysial-thyroid function which is probably, in turn, dependent on thyroid hormone, rather than TSH, levels.

In vitro analysis of glucose metabolism and embryonic growth in postimplantation rat embryos

Development ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 100 (3) ◽  
pp. 431-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.K. Ellington
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Glucose Uptake ◽  
Glucose Concentration ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Rat Embryos ◽  
Embryonic Growth ◽  
Stage Of Development

The glucose metabolism and embryonic development of rat embryos during organogenesis was studied using embryo culture. Glucose uptake and embryonic growth and differentiation of 10.5-day explants (embryos + membranes) were limited by the decreasing glucose concentration, but not the increasing concentration of metabolites, in the culture media during the second 24 h of a 48 h culture. No such limitations were found on the embryonic development of 9.5-day explants during a 48 h culture although glucose uptake was slightly reduced at very low concentrations of glucose. From the head-fold stage to the 25-somite stage of development, glucose uptake was characteristic of the stage of development of the embryo and not the time it had been in culture. Embryonic growth of 9.5-day explants was similar to that previously observed in vivo. Glucose uptake by 9.5-day explants was dependent on the surface area of the yolk sac and was independent of the glucose concentration in the culture media (within the range of 9.4 to 2.5 mM). The proportion of glucose converted to lactate was 100% during the first 42h of culture then fell to about 50% during the final 6h. The protein contents of both the extraembryonic membranes and the embryo were dependent on the glucose uptake.

The effect of epidermal growth factor, insulin and transferrin on the growth-promoting properties of serum depleted by repeated culture of postimplantation rat embryos

Development ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 104 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-145
Author(s):  
M.K. Pratten ◽  
A.M. Brooke ◽  
S.C. Broome ◽  
F. Beck
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Epidermal Growth Factor ◽  
Growth Promoters ◽  
Small Molecular Weight ◽  
Rat Serum ◽  
Rat Embryos ◽  
Partial Restoration ◽  
Normal Rat ◽  
Epidermal Growth ◽  
Growth Promoting

Homologous serum, when repeatedly used for the culture of postimplantation rat embryos, rapidly loses its capacity to support growth and development. Replenishment of the ‘exhausted’ serum with glucose and vitamins (MEM vitamin concentrate—Flow Laboratories) together with gentle dialysis to remove small molecular weight toxic metabolites (lactate etc) fails to restore the growth-promoting properties of the serum. This suggests that ‘recycled’ serum has been depleted of specific growth-promoting factors. Such serum that has been subjected to dialysis can be completely replenished by addition of 30% normal rat serum. It is therefore probable that the growth promoters are originally present at very low concentrations and become rate limiting when serum is recycled. Many growth factors and hormones fall into this category and it is likely that a considerable number are involved when serum is ‘exhausted’ by repeated use. When insulin, epidermal growth factor or rat transferrin are added to dialysed ‘exhausted’ serum each effects a partial restoration of growth of rat embryos.

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