Weight differences in rat embryos prior to sexual differentiation

Development ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 259-263
Author(s):  
William J. Scott ◽  
Joseph F. Holson
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Differentiation ◽  
Thymidine Incorporation ◽  
Weight Basis ◽  
Unit Weight ◽  
Gonadal Differentiation ◽  
Barr Body ◽  
Endocrine Activity ◽  
Rat Embryos ◽  
Weight Protein ◽  
Amniotic Membranes

Sex of day-12 rat embryos was determined using Barr body counts made on spreads of amniotic membranes examined histologically. Embryonic weight, protein content and rate of thymidine incorporation were compared in male and female embryos. Male embryos were found to be heavier and accordingly to contain more protein on absolute but not on per unit weight basis. The rate of thymidine incorporation did not differ in the two sexes. Since gonadogenesis in day-12 rat embryos is rudimentary, with gonadal differentiation of sex not yet apparent, the increased weight suggests that sex-linked genes exist which influence body growth prior to gonadal endocrine activity.

SIXTY-SIX-YEAR TRENDS IN IRRIGATED CROP YIELDS—BARLEY, WHEAT, AND OATS

1979 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 685-689
Author(s):  
S. DUBETZ ◽  
M. OOSTERVELD
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yields ◽  
Weight Basis ◽  
Climatic Variables ◽  
Regression Coefficients ◽  
Unit Weight ◽  
Effect On Yield ◽  
Yield Trends ◽  
New Cultivars

The regression coefficients of barley, wheat, and oat yields on advancing years were calculated to be 0.061, 0.020, and 0.034 t/ha/yr based on 66 yr of data from an irrigated rotation. Yield increases with time were attributed mainly to the introduction of new cultivars. These yield trends can be useful for predictive purposes. In recent years, barley has outyielded oats and wheat (utility wheat excluded) on a unit-weight basis even though barley yields were the lowest of the three cereals when the rotation began in 1911. The climatic variables measured and date of harvest had virtually no effect on yield. Wheat yields were enhanced when seeding took place during the last 113 days of April compared to those when the crop was seeded during the first 13 days of May.

Observations on the proteins of pasturage. Phosphorus and protoplasm

1938 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. W. Foreman
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Weight Basis ◽  
New Method ◽  
Unit Weight ◽  
Rye Grass ◽  
Mineral Acids ◽  
The Right ◽  
Made In

1. Studies lead to the conclusion that Chibnall-preparations of pasturage proteins, in spite of their small amounts of carbohydrate impurity, may yet yield, on hydrolysis by mineral acids, practically the right amounts even of most of those amino-acids which are adversely affected by carbohydrates to some extent when tested singly under the conditions.2. Preparations made in another way after treating the pasturage with ether as in the original Chibnall-method showed features of interest in the problem of attaining very pure proteins now much needed for purposes of comparison.3. A new method is introduced by which it is possible to compare what may be extracted from the protoplasm of fresh unpulverized pasturages with the composition of the natural saps on a unit weight basis.4. Production and breakdown of protoplasmic protein in perennial rye-grass during growth consistently appeared related to variations in the content of “nitrogen” and phosphates in the saps and the supplies of “nitrogen” and phosphates from the soil.

scholarly journals Proteine als Schutzstoffe gegenüber dem Gefriertod der Zelle

1970 ◽  
Vol 25 (8) ◽  
pp. 834-842 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Heber ◽  
M. Kempfle
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Frost Tolerance ◽  
Thylakoid Membranes ◽  
Weight Basis ◽  
Unit Weight ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Complete Protection ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Heat Stable ◽  
Better Than

Two protein factors from hardy leaves were highly active in preventing the inactivation of photophosphorylation of washed thylakoid membranes which takes place during freezing of thylakoids in the absence of protective compounds. Non-hardy leaves did not yield protective protein material. On a unit weight basis, protection by the protein factors was 10 to 100 times better than protection by compounds of low molecular weight such as sucrose, glycerol or dimethylsulfoxide. Very low amounts of the protein factors, which alone were scarcely protective, considerably reduced the concentration of sucrose required for the complete protection of thylakoids during freezing. The protein factors were heat-stable and had a molecular weight between 10 000 and 20 000 daltons. It is assumed that they contribute to and are in part responsible for the frost tolerance of hardy plant material.

Investigation of Properties of Low Thermal Conductivity Pozzolanics Soil Bricks Towards Sustainable Development

2011 ◽  
Vol 261-263 ◽  
pp. 469-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weerapol Namboonruang ◽  
Rattanakorn Rawangkul ◽  
Wanchai Yodsudjai ◽  
Joseph Khedari
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Adsorption Property ◽  
Weight Basis ◽  
Modulus Of Rupture ◽  
Unit Weight ◽  
Commercial Development ◽  
Load Bearing ◽  
Alternative Type

The development of new alternative type of pozzolanics soil bricks using the locally available clay from Ratchaburi province were mixed with fly ash from Kanchanaburi province, where both source in western of Thailand, is the main purpose of this study. These are compared to the local clay cement bricks without the mixing of flyash in different proportions. In the present work, the physical properties of the specimens are presented namely, compressive strength, modulus of rupture, thermal conductivity and unit weight. Tests were also conducted to study the influence of time of curing on the increase in physical properties of the bricks. It was concluded that the addition of fly ash reduces the thermal conductivity and unit weight, while increases the water adsorption property of the specimen. The compressive and flexural strength are decreased when the ratio of fly ash is more than 30 percentages. However, when considering the various factors it can be said that, appropriately ingredient toward produce to commercial of the good pozzolanics soil bricks is portland cement constant was 5 percentages and 30 percentages of fly ash by weight basis of soil at water per total powder, W/P 0.3525. The compositions of fly ash more than 25 percentages by weight basis of soil and since up to 14 days of curing time proved to be economical mixtures for load bearing panels or brick type structural elements according to the Thai Industrial Standard(TIS) for structural clay load-bearing tile. Therefore, commercial development is highly promising.

Metabolic and Nutritional Studies in Mice With a Hereditary Myopathy (Dystrophia Muscularis)

1958 ◽  
Vol 193 (3) ◽  
pp. 525-529 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nome Baker ◽  
Manuel Tubis ◽  
William H. Blahd
Keyword(s):  
Bone Growth ◽  
Weight Basis ◽  
Unit Weight ◽  
Liver Cholesterol ◽  
Unit Body Weight ◽  
Hereditary Myopathy ◽  
B Complex Vitamins ◽  
Nutritional Studies ◽  
Dystrophic Mice ◽  
Normal Controls

Nutritional, chemical and metabolic studies have been carried out on hereditarily muscular dystrophic mice and their littermate controls. Certain characteristics of the dystrophic syndrome which may not have been emphasized previously are described: denudation of the eyelids, periocular inflammation, tremors and an unusual reflex involving the head and neck, inflammation of the penis, and diminished bone growth. The dystrophic mice consumed, on the average, more food per day per unit body weight than their normal controls. Parenteral administration of vitamins A, D, E, the B-complex vitamins and ascorbic acid failed to reverse any of the dystrophic syndrome in eight dystrophic mice. The metabolic rate was normal (per unit weight basis) as measured by the rate of CO2 production; similarily, acetate-1-C14 was oxidized to C14O2 at the same rate in normal and dystrophic mice. Finally, levels of plasma glucose, cholesterol, protein-bound I131, and of liver cholesterol were not significantly different in a small group of normal and dystrophic mice.

The combined Herstmonceux Cambridge Program of optical positions of radio sources

1978 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
pp. 155-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. N. Argue ◽  
E. D. Clements ◽  
G. M. Harvey ◽  
C. A. Murray
Keyword(s):  
Standard Error ◽  
Unit Weight ◽  
Radio Sources

SummaryAGK3-based optical positions are presented for 38 counterparts of radio sources selected from the catalogue of Elsmore & Ryle. The measurements were made from plates taken with the 13-inch Astrograph, the 26-inch refractor and the 2.5 m (INT) reflector at Herstmonceux, and the 17-inch Schmidt at Cambridge. The standard error for a mean position of unit weight is 0”.11, and the weights range from 3.0 for the brightest sources to 0.5 for the faintest. Comparison with the radio positions shows no significant differences. The effects of applying the Brorfelde corrections to AGK3 are discussed.

Ultrastructural morphology of nontumorous lactotrophs in human pituitaries exposed to high prolactin levels

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 896-897
Author(s):  
S. Jalalah ◽  
K. Kovacs ◽  
E. Horvath
Keyword(s):  
Anterior Pituitary ◽  
Secretory Activity ◽  
Pituitary Hormones ◽  
Feedback Mechanism ◽  
Endocrine Activity ◽  
Hormone Synthesis ◽  
Anterior Pituitary Hormones ◽  
Negative Feedback Mechanism ◽  
Ultrastructural Morphology ◽  
Transmission Electron

Lactotrophs, as many other endocrine cells, change their morphology in response to factors influencing their secretory activity. Secretion of prolactin (PRL) from lactotrophs, like that of other anterior pituitary hormones, is under the control of the hypothalamus. Unlike most anterior pituitary hormones, PRL has no apparent target gland which could modulate the endocrine activity of lactotrophs. It is generally agreed that PRL regulates its own release from lactotrophs via the short loop negative feedback mechanism exerted at the level of the hypothalamus or the pituitary. Accordingly, ultrastructural morphology of lactotrophs is not constant; it is changing in response to high PRL levels showing signs of suppressed hormone synthesis and secretion.By transmission electron microscopy and morphometry, we have studied the morphology of lactotrophs in nontumorous (NT) portions of 7 human pituitaries containing PRL-secreting adenoma; these lactotrophs were exposed to abnormally high PRL levels.

Androgen-induced plasticity at a “vocal” neuromuscular synapse

1994 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 32-33
Author(s):  
Darcy B. Kelley ◽  
Martha L. Tobias ◽  
Mark Ellisman
Keyword(s):  
Xenopus Laevis ◽  
Motor Neurons ◽  
Sexual Differentiation ◽  
Molecular Basis ◽  
Neuromuscular Synapse ◽  
Sexually Dimorphic ◽  
Intracellular Protein ◽  
Developmental Program ◽  
Androgen Action ◽  
Clawed Frog

Brain and muscle are sexually differentiated tissues in which masculinization is controlled by the secretion of androgens from the testes. Sensitivity to androgen is conferred by the expression of an intracellular protein, the androgen receptor. A central problem of sexual differentiation is thus to understand the cellular and molecular basis of androgen action. We do not understand how hormone occupancy of a receptor translates into an alteration in the developmental program of the target cell. Our studies on sexual differentiation of brain and muscle in Xenopus laevis are designed to explore the molecular basis of androgen induced sexual differentiation by examining how this hormone controls the masculinization of brain and muscle targets.Our approach to this problem has focused on a highly androgen sensitive, sexually dimorphic neuromuscular system: laryngeal muscles and motor neurons of the clawed frog, Xenopus laevis. We have been studying sex differences at a synapse, the laryngeal neuromuscular junction, which mediates sexually dimorphic vocal behavior in Xenopus laevis frogs.

Repair of deep skin burn defects with cultured epidermal stem cells and acellular amniotic membranes

2010 ◽  
Vol 34 (8) ◽  
pp. S39-S39
Author(s):  
Dewu Liu ◽  
Honglan Xiong ◽  
Yuangui Mao ◽  
Peixin Huang ◽  
Jianping Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Epidermal Stem Cells ◽  
Skin Burn ◽  
Amniotic Membranes
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