Ontogeny and localization of the lens crystallins in Xenopus laevis lens regeneration

Development ◽  
1974 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 783-794
Author(s):  
Samir K. Brahma ◽  
David S. McDevitt
Keyword(s):  
Xenopus Laevis ◽  
Rana Pipiens ◽  
Staining Method ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Lens Protein ◽  
Lens Crystallins ◽  
Lens Regeneration ◽  
Stage 4 ◽  
Indirect Immunofluorescence Staining ◽  
Normal Lens

Ontogeny and localization of the lens crystallins, especially the γ-crystallins were investigated in Xenopus laevis lens regenerating system by the ‘indirect’ immunofluorescence staining method. Antibodies directed against Rana pipiens γ-crystallin antigen were used for the detection of this crystallin; the validity of such an experiment has been shown in a previous report. To detect total lens proteins we used X. laevis anti-total lens protein antibody. The regenerates were staged according to Freeman (1963) and the first positive reaction with both the two antisera was observed in an early stage-4 regenerate . The site of theimmunofluorescence reaction was nearly identical in both, suggesting that γ-crystallinsare one of the first, if not the first of the lens crystallins to appear during lens regeneration. The secondary fibres, when developed, showed less immunofluorescence than the primary fibres with R. pipiens anti-γ crystallin antibody, though the reaction was intense in the secondary fibres with X. laevis anti-total lens protein antibody. The intensity and distribution of immunofluorescence increased with the growth of the lens. With the R. pipiens anti-γ crystallin antibody, the lens epithelium did not show any immunofluorescence reaction at any stage of lens regeneration. With X. laevis anti-total lens protein antibody, the epithelium showed an immunofluorescence reaction earlier than in the normal lens development. With the two antisera we used, we did not observe any immunofluorescence outside the lens tissue.

Alterations in the number of motoneurons containing immunoreactive calcitonin gene-related peptide(CGRP)& choline acetyltransferase(ChAT) in the cervical spinal cord of the wobbler mouse during the development of the motoneuron disease

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 970-971
Author(s):  
L. Vacca-Galloway ◽  
Y.Q. Zhang ◽  
P. Bose ◽  
S.H. Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Cervical Spinal Cord ◽  
Wild Type Mouse ◽  
Reflex Response ◽  
Mouse Strains ◽  
Behavioral Tests ◽  
Wobbler Mouse ◽  
Stage 4 ◽  
Stage 1

The Wobbler mouse (wr) has been studied as a model for inherited human motoneuron diseases (MNDs). Using behavioral tests for forelimb power, walking, climbing, and the “clasp-like reflex” response, the progress of the MND can be categorized into early (Stage 1, age 21 days) and late (Stage 4, age 3 months) stages. Age-and sex-matched normal phenotype littermates (NFR/wr) were used as controls (Stage 0), as well as mice from two related wild-type mouse strains: NFR/N and a C57BI/6N. Using behavioral tests, we also detected pre-symptomatic Wobblers at postnatal ages 7 and 14 days. The mice were anesthetized and perfusion-fixed for immunocytochemical (ICC) of CGRP and ChAT in the spinal cord (C3 to C5).Using computerized morphomety (Vidas, Zeiss), the numbers of IR-CGRP labelled motoneurons were significantly lower in 14 day old Wobbler specimens compared with the controls (Fig. 1). The same trend was observed at 21 days (Stage 1) and 3 months (Stage 4). The IR-CGRP-containing motoneurons in the Wobbler specimens declined progressively with age.

scholarly journals Temporal changes of quantitative CT findings from 102 patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: A longitudinal study

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 297-309
Author(s):  
Xiaohui Chen ◽  
Wenbo Sun ◽  
Dan Xu ◽  
Jiaojiao Ma ◽  
Feng Xiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Diseases ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Temporal Changes ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Lesion Area ◽  
Quantitative Ct ◽  
Diagnosis And Prognosis ◽  
Ct Findings ◽  
Stage 4 ◽  
Stage 1

BACKGROUND: Computed tomography (CT) imaging combined with artificial intelligence is important in the diagnosis and prognosis of lung diseases. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate temporal changes of quantitative CT findings in patients with COVID-19 in three clinic types, including moderate, severe, and non-survivors, and to predict severe cases in the early stage from the results. METHODS: One hundred and two patients with confirmed COVID-19 were included in this study. Based on the time interval between onset of symptoms and the CT scan, four stages were defined in this study: Stage-1 (0 ∼7 days); Stage-2 (8 ∼ 14 days); Stage-3 (15 ∼ 21days); Stage-4 (> 21 days). Eight parameters, the infection volume and percentage of the whole lung in four different Hounsfield (HU) ranges, ((-, -750), [-750, -300), [-300, 50) and [50, +)), were calculated and compared between different groups. RESULTS: The infection volume and percentage of four HU ranges peaked in Stage-2. The highest proportion of HU [-750, 50) was found in the infected regions in non-survivors among three groups. CONCLUSIONS: The findings indicate rapid deterioration in the first week since the onset of symptoms in non-survivors. Higher proportion of HU [-750, 50) in the lesion area might be a potential bio-marker for poor prognosis in patients with COVID-19.

The utilization of yolk platelets by tissues of Xenopus embryos studied by a safranin staining method

Development ◽  
1965 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-212
Author(s):  
G. G. Selman ◽  
G. J. Pawsey
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Amino Acid Composition ◽  
Rana Pipiens ◽  
Staining Method ◽  
Peripheral Zone ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Yolk Platelet ◽  
Similar Amino Acid

The amphibian yolk platelet is a particular kind of food-reserve granule which may be easily recognized by microscopy and which is abundant in the cytoplasm of amphibian eggs and embryos. Wallace & Karasaki (1963) developed a method by which intact yolk platelets were isolated from eggs of Rana pipiens and were shown by electron microscopy to be practically free from other materials. Chemical analysis of such yolk platelets by Wallace (1963a, b) showed that the crystalline main body is made up of two components, a phosphoprotein of similar amino-acid composition to avian phosvitin and a lipoprotein similar to avian α-lipovitellin, the molecular proportions being 2 to 1 respectively. Surrounding this crystalline main body of the yolk platelet there is a granular peripheral zone which has been reported to contain both protein resembling histone (Horn, 1962) and polysaccharide (Ohno, Karasaki & Takata, 1964).

Development and Survivorship of Northern Leopard Frogs (Rana pipiens) and Green Frogs (Rana clamitans) Exposed to Contaminants in the Water and Sediments of the St. Lawrence River near Cornwall, Ontario

2004 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 160-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tana V. McDaniel ◽  
Megan L. Harris ◽  
Christine A. Bishop ◽  
John Struger
Keyword(s):  
Rana Pipiens ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Sediment Quality ◽  
Leopard Frog ◽  
Reference Sites ◽  
Aquatic Life ◽  
Leopard Frogs ◽  
Water And Sediment ◽  
Northern Leopard Frogs ◽  
St Lawrence River

Abstract High levels of contamination in the aquatic environment and wildlife within the Ontario portion of the St. Lawrence River at the Cornwall Area of Concern (AOC) have raised questions about potential impacts on wildlife health. Northern leopard frog embryos were raised in two wetland sites within the AOC and at two reference sites to assess differences in water and sediment quality on survivorship and deformity rates. Chlorinated hydrocarbons (total polychlorinated biphenyls, organochlorine pesticides), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, nutrients and heavy metals were measured in sediment and/or water from the study sites. Levels of some metals such as aluminium, cadmium, chromium and copper, exceeded federal and provincial guidelines for the protection of aquatic life, especially in the two AOC wetlands. Early stage tadpole survivorship was significantly lower and deformity frequency significantly higher at wetlands within the AOC; however, differences were likely not biologically significant. Survivorship and deformity rates of leopard frogs (Rana pipiens) at metamorphosis did not differ significantly among sites. Onset of metamorphosis was accelerated in tadpoles raised in wetlands within the AOC. Tadpoles raised in wetlands within the St. Lawrence River AOC took significantly less time to complete metamorphosis (53–55 days) than did tadpoles raised at reference sites (61–64 days). The phenology of metamorphosis was also more synchronous in tadpoles raised in the AOC, with all tadpoles reaching metamorphosis within a space of 3 to 7 days, as compared to 9 to 12 days at reference wetlands; these differences could not be accounted for by water temperature. Differences in development and survivorship rates between AOC and reference sites may be related to contaminant concentrations in water and sediment. However, no strong evidence for beneficial use impairment in terms of reproductive impairments or elevated deformity rates were seen from caged leopard frogs in the two AOC wetlands.

An Experimental Analysis of the Development of the Haploid Syndrome in Embryos of Xenopus laevis

Development ◽  
1963 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 267-278
Author(s):  
Louie Hamilton
Keyword(s):  
Xenopus Laevis ◽  
Experimental Analysis ◽  
Rana Pipiens ◽  
Animal Pole ◽  
Pole Cells

Haploid vertebrates may occur spontaneously but are very rare (Fankhauser, 1941; Humphrey & Fankhauser, 1957); however, haploids may be experimentally produced in fish (Swarup, 1959) and in mammals (Beatty, 1953), while amphibian eggs may be so treated that all developing embryos are haploid (Porter, 1939; Gurdon, 1960). The full descriptions of the development of haploid Rana pipiens (Porter, 1939) and R. nigromaculata (Miyada, 1960) apply so well to Xenopus laevis that only the most important points will be touched on here. Haploid amphibians may be identified at the beginning of gastrulation since their animal pole cells are smaller at a given stage than are those of diploids. In all haploid Anura the onset of gastrulation is delayed, and thereafter haploids become progressively more retarded in their development. Their neural plates are shorter, and when the neural folds have closed it can be seen that the embryos are microcephalic and suffer from lordosis and a bulging abdomen.

PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA BELAJAR PJOK PADA MATERI SENAM LANTAI (ARTISTIK)

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 86
Author(s):  
Zulbahri Zulbahri ◽  
Yuni Astuti ◽  
Erianti . ◽  
Pitnawati . ◽  
Damrah .
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Small Group ◽  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Development Research ◽  
Initial Product ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Stage 4 ◽  
The Media

This research is motivated by the limited development of learning media for the subjects of Physical Education, Sports and Health on floor exercise (artistic) material, especially for schools in the regions. This study aims to produce a learning media product for students and students in learning gymnastics. The subjects or samples of this research were FIK UNP students who attended basic and advanced / learning gymnastics courses with a total of 12 people for small group subject trials and 15 people for field trials. The data used in this research are qualitative and quantitative data. Qualitative data in this study is data obtained through validation from material experts, media experts, while quantitative data in this study were obtained through assessment questionnaires which were analyzed with descriptive statistics.This research was conducted using "Research and Development" (Research and Development), namely the research method used to produce certain products. The model used as a reference is the Borg & Gall development research model with 10 developments, in this study the researcher adopted the following stages: 1) Preliminary Study (research and data collection). 2) Prepare a plan and analyze the media to be made. 3) Initial product development by producing learning media with validation by media experts and material experts. 4) Conduct small group trials. 5) Product Revisions. 6) Conduct field trials. 7) Revise the final product. For this early stage research, it has only arrived at the fourth stage (4), namely the initial stage validation by media experts and material experts. Research results in the form of learning media products for practical material with a score of 3.67 with good criteria and for media with a score of 3.3 with a fairly good category.

Circular mitochondrial DNA from Xenopus laevis and Rana pipiens

Chromosoma ◽  
1967 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 445-449 ◽  
Author(s):  
David R. Wolstenholme ◽  
Igor B. Dawid
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Xenopus Laevis ◽  
Rana Pipiens

Synthesis of mitochondrial RNA by full-grown and maturing oocytes of Rana pipiens and Xenopus laevis

1975 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew C. Webb ◽  
Michael J. LaMarca ◽  
L.Dennis Smith
Keyword(s):  
Xenopus Laevis ◽  
Rana Pipiens ◽  
Mitochondrial Rna

Proliferation and harvesting of secondary protocorms as a novel means for improving propagation of terrestrial orchids

2014 ◽  
Vol 62 (7) ◽  
pp. 614 ◽  
Author(s):  
Betty Mauliya Bustam ◽  
Kingsley Dixon ◽  
Eric Bunn
Keyword(s):  
Early Stage ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Stage 4 ◽  
Terrestrial Orchids ◽  
Half Strength ◽  
Conservation Concern ◽  
Basal Salts ◽  
Proliferation In Vitro

This study investigated optimisation of media and primary-protocorm development stages to enhance secondary-protocorm production as a novel means for propagation of terrestrial orchids, including taxa of conservation concern. Seeds of Caladenia latifolia were germinated asymbiotically on ½-strength Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium fortified with 5% (v/v) coconut water. Resulting protocorms at 3, 5 and 7 weeks of growth were subcultured to protocorm-proliferation media treatments consisting of ½-strength MS basal-salts medium with 6-benzylaminopurine (BA) and α- naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) singly or in combination. Conversion of seeds to primary protocorms was high (87–92%). The highest percentage of secondary-protocorm proliferation was 40.1%, using 5-week-old protocorms (early Stage 4 of protocorm development) as explants and cultured on ½-strength MS with a combination of 5 µM NAA + 2 µM BA. Half-strength MS media containing a single plant-growth regulator (BA or NAA) were substantially less effective (<10% protocorm proliferation). The present study has provided a novel approach to sequential protocorm production that will be of value particularly for threatened orchids with limited seed availability. Protocorm proliferation in vitro enables a renewable supply of protocorms with which to conduct propagation, cryostorage and pilot restoration programs.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document