The effects of an antiserum to the contractile proteins of the heart on the developing rat embryo

Development ◽  
1971 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-212
Author(s):  
Colin L. Berry
Keyword(s):  
Rat Heart ◽  
Contractile Proteins ◽  
Degenerative Changes ◽  
Foetal Death ◽  
Rat Embryo ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Microscopic Studies ◽  
Specific Reactivity ◽  
Developing Rat ◽  
Isolated Rat

An antiserum with specific reactivity against the contractile proteins of the rat heart has been raised in the rabbit. Fractions of the serum have been shown to enter the isolated rat embryo by electron-microscopic studies with ferritin, where they bind to the myocardium, producing degenerative changes. Both IgG and IgM fractions are toxic, producing foetal death in a large proportion of explanted embryos.

Dobutamine responsiveness, PET mismatch, and lack of necrosis in low-flow ischemia: is this hibernation in the isolated rat heart?

2003 ◽  
Vol 285 (1) ◽  
pp. H316-H324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Southworth ◽  
Pamela B. Garlick
Keyword(s):  
Rat Heart ◽  
Recovery Of Function ◽  
Electron Microscopic Examination ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Isolated Rat Heart ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
Hibernating Myocardium ◽  
Heart Model ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Isolated Rat

The clinical hallmarks of hibernating myocardium include hypocontractility while retaining an inotropic reserve (using dobutamine echocardiography), having normal or increased [18F]fluoro-2-deoxyglucose-6-phosphate (18FDG6P) accumulation associated with decreased coronary flow [flow-metabolism mismatch by positron emission tomography (PET)], and recovering completely postrevascularization. In this study, we investigated an isolated rat heart model of hibernation using experimental equivalents of these clinical techniques. Rat hearts ( n = 5 hearts/group) were perfused with Krebs-Henseleit buffer for 40 min at 100% flow and 3 h at 10% flow and reperfused at 100% flow for 30 min (paced at 300 beats/min throughout). Left ventricular developed pressure fell to 30 ± 8% during 10% flow and recovered to 90 ± 7% after reperfusion. In an additional group, this recovery of function was found to be preserved over 2 h of reperfusion. Electron microscopic examination of hearts fixed at the end of the hibernation period demonstrated a lack of ischemic injury and an accumulation of glycogen granules, a phenomenon observed clinically. In a further group, hearts were challenged with dobutamine during the low-flow period. Hearts demonstrated an inotropic reserve at the expense of increased lactate leakage, with no appreciable creatine kinase release. PET studies used the same basic protocol in both dual- and globally perfused hearts (with 250MBq18FDG in Krebs buffer ± 0.4 mmol/l oleate). PET data showed flow-metabolism “mismatch;” whether regional or global,18FDG6P accumulation in ischemic tissue was the same as (glucose only) or significantly higher than (glucose + oleate) control tissue (0.023 ± 0.002 vs. 0.011 ± 0.002 normalized counts · s-1· g-1· min-1, P < 0.05) despite receiving 10% of the flow. This isolated rat heart model of acute hibernation exhibits many of the same characteristics demonstrated clinically in hibernating myocardium.

scholarly journals Cytochemical localization of ornithine decarboxylase with rhodamine or biotin-labeled alpha-difluoromethylornithine. An example for the use of labeled irreversible enzyme inhibitors as cytochemical markers.

1981 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 687-692 ◽  
Author(s):  
G M Gilad ◽  
V H Gilad
Keyword(s):  
Ornithine Decarboxylase ◽  
Enzyme Inhibitors ◽  
Ultrastructural Localization ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Cytochemical Localization ◽  
Tissue Sections ◽  
Microscopic Studies ◽  
Fluorescence Cytochemistry ◽  
Rhodamine B Isothiocyanate ◽  
Developing Rat

The present work describes a new method for cytochemical localization of enzymes using ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) as an example. The method is based on the preservation of the characteristic-specific and irreversible binding of the inhibitor alpha-difluoromethylornithine (alpha-DFMO) following its conjugation to "label" molecules. The inhibitor has been conjugated to the fluorescent molecule rhodamine-B-isothiocyanate, and its localization in tissue sections was detected directly by fluorescence cytochemistry. Alternatively, alpha-DFMO has been conjugated to biotin and its cytochemical localization determined indirectly following its binding with avidin conjugated to horseradish peroxidase (HRP) and visualization of the HRP reaction product. Both labeled inhibitor molecules were successfully localized cytochemically within specific cells of the developing rat cerebellum and rat liver following thioacetamide injection where ODC activity is greatly enhanced. This novel technique should be of general application 1) in other tissues, 2) for other enzymes, and 3) in electron microscopic studies for ultrastructural localization of the enzyme.

Electron microscopic studies on ultrathin frozen sections of lactating mouse mammary gland

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 46-47
Author(s):  
Jan Zarzycki ◽  
Joseph Szroeder
Keyword(s):  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Protein Denaturation ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Freeze Substitution ◽  
Electron Microscopic Examination ◽  
Mouse Mammary Gland ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Preparation Methods ◽  
Microscopic Studies ◽  
Ultrathin Frozen Sections

The mammary gland ultrastructure in various functional states is the object of our investigations. The material prepared for electron microscopic examination by the conventional chemical methods has several limitations, the most important are the protein denaturation processes and the loss of large amounts of chemical constituents from the cells. In relevance to this,one can't be sure about a degree the observed images are adequate to the realy ultrastructure of a living cell. To avoid the disadvantages of the chemical preparation methods,some autors worked out alternative physical methods based on tissue freezing / freeze-drying, freeze-substitution, freeze-eatching techniqs/; actually the technique of cryoultraraicrotomy,i,e.cutting ultrathin sections from deep frozen specimens is assented as a complete alternative method. According to the limitations of the routine plastic embbeding methods we were interested to analize the mammary gland ultrastructure during lactation by the cryoultramicrotomy method.

Early Development of Drug-Induced Hepatic Necrosis

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 576-577
Author(s):  
F. G. Zaki ◽  
E. Detzi ◽  
C. H. Keysser
Keyword(s):  
Early Development ◽  
Hepatic Necrosis ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Dense Matrix ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Hepatocellular Damage ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Microscopic Studies

This study represents the first in a series of investigations carried out to elucidate the mechanism(s) of early hepatocellular damage induced by drugs and other related compounds. During screening tests of CNS-active compounds in rats, it has been found that daily oral administration of one of these compounds at a dose level of 40 mg. per kg. of body weight induced diffuse massive hepatic necrosis within 7 weeks in Charles River Sprague Dawley rats of both sexes. Partial hepatectomy enhanced the development of this peculiar type of necrosis (3 weeks instead of 7) while treatment with phenobarbital prior to the administration of the drug delayed the appearance of necrosis but did not reduce its severity.Electron microscopic studies revealed that early development of this liver injury (2 days after the administration of the drug) appeared in the form of small dark osmiophilic vesicles located around the bile canaliculi of all hepatocytes (Fig. 1). These structures differed from the regular microbodies or the pericanalicular multivesicular bodies. They first appeared regularly rounded with electron dense matrix bound with a single membrane. After one week on the drug, these vesicles appeared vacuolated and resembled autophagosomes which soon developed whorls of concentric lamellae or cisterns characteristic of lysosomes (Fig. 2). These lysosomes were found, later on, scattered all over the hepatocytes.

Electron Microscopic identification of Pre-B Lymphocytes in the Bone Marrow of a Patient with Chronic Myelocytic Leukemic in Blast Crisis

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 346-347
Author(s):  
T. Mullin ◽  
G. Yee ◽  
M. Aheam ◽  
J. Trujillo
Keyword(s):  
Blast Crisis ◽  
Immunoglobulin M ◽  
Terminal Deoxynucleotidyl Transferase ◽  
Transformation Theory ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Sensitivity ◽  
Microscopic Studies ◽  
Hematopoietic Precursor ◽  
Lymphoblastic Transformation ◽  
B Lineage

There have been numerous reports in the current literature suggesting that hematopoietic precursor cells in some human chronic myelocytic leukemias (CML) undergo lymphoblastic transformation at the time of the acute blast crisis (BC) stage. The primary evidence offered in support of this transformation theory--lymphoblastic appearing morphology, increased terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) activity, and chemotherapeutic sensitivity to vincristine and prednisone--has been indirect, however, since these features may occur in nonlymphoid cells. More direct support for the Pre-B lineage of these cells has recently been provided by immunofluorescent light microscopic studies demonstrating the presence of intracytoplasmic immunoglobulin M (IgM) in these CML-BC cells.

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