scholarly journals 4D formation of human embryonic forelimb musculature

Development ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. dev.194746
Author(s):  
Susan Wilde ◽  
Eleanor M. Feneck ◽  
Timothy J. Mohun ◽  
Malcolm P. O. Logan
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Development ◽  
Optical Projection Tomography ◽  
Normal Muscle ◽  
Correct Position ◽  
Mature Form ◽  
Optical Projection ◽  
Muscle Formation ◽  
Insertion Sites ◽  
Human Upper Limb ◽  
Carnegie Stage

The size, shape and insertion sites of muscles enable them to carry out their precise functions in moving and supporting the skeleton. Although forelimb anatomy is well described, much less is known about the embryonic events that ensure individual muscles reach their mature form. A description of human forelimb muscle development is needed to understand the events that control normal muscle formation and to identify what events are disrupted in congenital abnormalities in which muscles fail to form normally.We provide a novel, 4D anatomical characterisation of the developing human upper limb muscles between Carnegie Stage 18-22 using Optical Projection Tomography. We show muscles develop in a progressive wave, proximal to distal and superficial to deep. We show some muscle bundles undergo splitting events to form individual muscles, while others translocate to reach their correct position within the forelimb. Finally, we show palmaris longus fails to form from early in development. Our study reveals the timings of, and suggests mechanisms for, critical events that enable nascent muscle bundles to reach their mature form and position within the human forelimb.

Time gated optical projection tomography for 3D imaging of highly scattering biological models

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Bassi ◽  
Daniele Brida ◽  
Cosimo D’Andrea ◽  
Gianluca Valentini ◽  
Sandro De Silvestri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
3D Imaging ◽  
Optical Projection Tomography ◽  
Biological Models ◽  
Optical Projection

Optical Projection Tomography for Particle Counting and Morphology Analysis

2020 ◽  
pp. 944-951
Author(s):  
Olli Koskela ◽  
Md Tanvirul Kabir Chowdhury ◽  
Toni Montonen ◽  
Birhanu Belay ◽  
Sampsa Pursiainen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Projection Tomography ◽  
Optical Projection ◽  
Particle Counting ◽  
Morphology Analysis

scholarly journals Mechanism and Functions of Identified miRNAs in Poultry Skeletal Muscle Development – A Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 887-904
Author(s):  
Asiamah Amponsah Collins ◽  
Kun Zou ◽  
Zhang Li ◽  
Su Ying
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Skeletal Muscles ◽  
Muscle Development ◽  
Muscle Growth ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Development ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Complex Processes ◽  
Muscle Formation ◽  
Gene Regulatory

AbstractDevelopment of the skeletal muscle goes through several complex processes regulated by numerous genetic factors. Although much efforts have been made to understand the mechanisms involved in increased muscle yield, little work is done about the miRNAs and candidate genes that are involved in the skeletal muscle development in poultry. Comprehensive research of candidate genes and single nucleotide related to poultry muscle growth is yet to be experimentally unraveled. However, over a few periods, studies in miRNA have disclosed that they actively participate in muscle formation, differentiation, and determination in poultry. Specifically, miR-1, miR-133, and miR-206 influence tissue development, and they are highly expressed in the skeletal muscles. Candidate genes such as CEBPB, MUSTN1, MSTN, IGF1, FOXO3, mTOR, and NFKB1, have also been identified to express in the poultry skeletal muscles development. However, further researches, analysis, and comprehensive studies should be made on the various miRNAs and gene regulatory factors that influence the skeletal muscle development in poultry. The objective of this review is to summarize recent knowledge in miRNAs and their mode of action as well as transcription and candidate genes identified to regulate poultry skeletal muscle development.

Optical Projection Tomography Technique and Its Research Progress

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 0307012
Author(s):  
李颖超 Li Yingchao ◽  
刘昂 Liu Ang ◽  
李贵叶 Li Guiye ◽  
刘丽娜 Liu Lina ◽  
胡学娟 Hu Xuejuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Research Progress ◽  
Optical Projection Tomography ◽  
Optical Projection

scholarly journals Morphology and development of the Portuguese man of war, Physalia physalis

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Catriona Munro ◽  
Zer Vue ◽  
Richard R. Behringer ◽  
Casey W. Dunn
Keyword(s):  
Optical Projection Tomography ◽  
Mature Specimen ◽  
Optical Projection ◽  
Air Interface ◽  
Mature Colony ◽  
Physalia Physalis

Abstract The Portuguese man of war, Physalia physalis, is one of the most conspicuous, but poorly understood members of the pleuston, a community of organisms that occupy a habitat at the sea-air interface. Physalia physalis is a siphonophore that uses a gas-filled float as a sail to catch the wind. The development, morphology, and colony organization of P. physalis is very different from all other siphonophores. Here, we look at live and fixed larval and juvenile specimens, and use optical projection tomography to build on existing knowledge about the morphology and development of this species. We also propose a framework for homologizing the axes with other siphonophores, and also suggest that the tentacle bearing zooids should be called tentacular palpons. Previous descriptions of P. physalis larvae, especially descriptions of budding order, were often framed with the mature colony in mind. However, we use the simpler organization of larvae and the juvenile specimens to inform our understanding of the morphology, budding order, and colony organization in the mature specimen. Finally, we review what is known about the ecology and lifecycle of P. physalis.

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