scholarly journals The transcriptional repressor Blimp-1 acts downstream of BMP signaling to generate primordial germ cells in the cricketGryllus bimaculatus

Development ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 143 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taro Nakamura ◽  
Cassandra G. Extavour
Keyword(s):  
Germ Cells ◽  
Primordial Germ Cells ◽  
Transcriptional Repressor ◽  
Bmp Signaling

scholarly journals Efficient differentiation of human primordial germ cells through geometric control reveals a key role for NODAL signaling

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyoung Jo ◽  
Seth Teague ◽  
Bohan Chen ◽  
Hina Aftab Khan ◽  
Emily Freeburne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Germ Cells ◽  
In Vitro Model ◽  
Primordial Germ Cells ◽  
Bmp Signaling ◽  
Critical Parameters ◽  
Nodal Signaling ◽  
Relative Timing ◽  
Vitro Model ◽  
First Time

Human primordial germ cells (hPGCs) form around the time of implantation and are the precursors of eggs and sperm. Many aspects of hPGC specification remain poorly understood. Here we show that micropatterned human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) treated with BMP4 give rise to hPGC-like cells (hPGCLC) and use these as a quantitatively reproducible and simple in vitro model to interrogate this important developmental event. We characterize micropatterned hPSCs up to 96h for the first time and show that hPGCLC populations are stable and continue to mature. By perturbing signaling during hPGCLC differentiation, we identify a previously unappreciated role for NODAL signaling and find that the relative timing and duration of BMP and NODAL signaling are critical parameters controlling the number of hPGCLCs. We formulate a mathematical model for a network of cross-repressive fates driven by NODAL and BMP signaling which predicts the measured fate patterns after signaling perturbations. Finally, we show that hPSC colony size dictates the efficiency of hPGCLC specification, which led us to dramatically improve the efficiency of hPGCLC differentiation over current protocols.

scholarly journals Similarities between bovine and human germline development revealed by single-cell RNAseq

Reproduction ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Delia Alba Soto ◽  
Pablo Juan Ross
Keyword(s):  
Single Cell ◽  
Germ Cells ◽  
Primordial Germ Cells ◽  
Cell Lineage ◽  
Gonadal Development ◽  
Bmp Signaling ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Germline Development ◽  
Membrane Bound ◽  
Fetal Ovary

The germ cell lineage ensures the creation of new individuals and perpetuates the genetic information across generations. Primordial germ cells are pioneers of gametes and exist transiently during development until they differentiate into oogonia in females, or spermatogonia in males. Little is known about the molecular characteristics of primordial germ cells in cattle. By performing single-cell RNA-sequencing, quantitative real-time PCR, and immunofluorescence analyses of fetal gonads between 40 and 90 days of fetal age, we evaluated the molecular signatures of bovine germ cells at the initial stages of gonadal development. Our results indicate that at 50 days of fetal age, bovine primordial germ cells were in the early stages of development, expressing genes of early primordial germ cells, including transcriptional regulators of human germline specification (e.g. SOX17, TFAP2C, and PRDM1). Bovine and human primordial germ cells also share expression of KIT, EPCAM, ITGA6, and PDPN genes coding for membrane-bound proteins, and an asynchronous pattern of differentiation. Additionally, the expression of members of Notch, Nodal/Activin, and BMP signaling cascades in the bovine fetal ovary, suggests that these pathways are involved in the interaction between germ cells and their niche. Results of this study provide insights into the mechanisms involved in the development of bovine primordial germ cells and put in evidence similarities between the bovine and human germline.

scholarly journals BMP signaling is required for the generation of primordial germ cells in an insect

2014 ◽  
Vol 111 (11) ◽  
pp. 4133-4138 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Donoughe ◽  
T. Nakamura ◽  
B. Ewen-Campen ◽  
D. A. Green ◽  
L. Henderson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Germ Cells ◽  
Primordial Germ Cells ◽  
Bmp Signaling

scholarly journals The Bric-à-Brac transcription factors are necessary for formation of functional germline stem cell niches through control of dpp expression in the Drosophila melanogaster ovary

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurine Miscopein Saler ◽  
Mathieu Bartoletti ◽  
Virginie Hauser ◽  
Anne-Marie Pret ◽  
Laurent Theodore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Germ Cells ◽  
Primordial Germ Cells ◽  
Somatic Cells ◽  
Bmp Signaling ◽  
Germline Stem Cell ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Functional Germline

AbstractMany studies have focused on the mechanisms of stem cell maintenance via their interaction with a particular niche or microenvironment in adult tissues, but how formation of a functional niche is initiated, including how stem cells within a niche are established, is less well understood. Adult Drosophila melanogaster ovary Germline Stem Cell (GSC) niches are comprised of somatic cells forming a stack called a Terminal Filament (TF) and underlying Cap Cells (CCs) and Escort Cells (ECs), which are in direct contact with GSCs. In the adult, the Engrailed (En) transcription factor is specifically expressed in niche cells where it directly controls expression of the decapentaplegic gene (dpp) encoding a member of the Bone Morphogenetic Protein (BMP) family of secreted signaling molecules, which are key factors for GSC maintenance. In late third instar larval ovaries, in response to BMP signaling from newly-formed niches, adjacent primordial germ cells become GSCs. The bric-à-brac paralogs (bab1 and bab2) encode BTB/POZ-domain containing transcription factors, that are also expressed in developing GSCs niches where they are required for TF formation. Here, we demonstrate that Bab1 and Bab2 display redundant cell autonomous function for TF morphogenesis and we identify a new function for these genes in GSC establishment. Moreover, we show that Bab proteins control dpp expression in otherwise correctly specified CCs, independently of En and its paralog Invected (Inv). In fact, our results also indicate that en/inv function in larval stages are neither essential for TF formation, nor GSC establishment. Finally, when bab2 was overexpressed in ovarian somatic cells outside of the niche, where en/inv were not expressed, ectopic BMP signaling activation was induced in adjacent germ cells of adult ovaries, which formed GSC-like tumors. Together, these results indicate that Bab transcription factors are positive regulators of BMP signaling for acquisition of GSC status.

Hexachlorobenzene toxicity in the rat ovary: II. Ultrastructure induced by medium (10 mg/kg) dose exposure

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 668-669
Author(s):  
Amreek Singh ◽  
Warren G. Foster ◽  
Anna Dykeman ◽  
David C. Villeneuve
Keyword(s):  
Germ Cells ◽  
Primordial Germ Cells ◽  
Surface Epithelium ◽  
Morphological Parameters ◽  
Comprehensive Investigation ◽  
Ovary Surface Epithelium ◽  
Rat Ovary ◽  
High Doses

Hexachlorobenzene (HCB) is a known toxicant that is found in the environment as a by-product during manufacture of certain pesticides. This chlorinated chemical has been isolated from many tissues including ovary. When administered in high doses, HCB causes degeneration of primordial germ cells and ovary surface epithelium in sub-human primates. A purpose of this experiment was to determine a no-effect dose of the chemical on the rat ovary. The study is part of a comprehensive investigation on the effects of the compound on the biochemical, hematological, and morphological parameters in the monkey and rat.

Transfusion of Chick Primordial Germ Cells into Quail Embryos and their Settlement in Gonads

1998 ◽  
Vol 69 (10) ◽  
pp. 911-915 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamao ONO ◽  
Ryohei YOKOI ◽  
Seishi MAEDA ◽  
Takao NISHIDA ◽  
Hirohiko AOYAMA
Keyword(s):  
Germ Cells ◽  
Primordial Germ Cells
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