Investigating the function of follicular subpopulations during Drosophila oogenesis through hormone-dependent enhancer-targeted cell ablation

Development ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 127 (3) ◽  
pp. 573-583 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.D. Han ◽  
D. Stein ◽  
L.M. Stevens
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Diphtheria Toxin ◽  
Follicle Cells ◽  
Specific Gene ◽  
Border Cells ◽  
Drosophila Oogenesis ◽  
Cell Ablation ◽  
Powerful Approach ◽  
Human Estrogen Receptor

Although it is known that the establishment of polarity during Drosophila oogenesis is initiated by signalling from the oocyte to the overlying follicle cells, much less is understood about the role of specific follicular subpopulations. One powerful approach for addressing this question, toxigenic cell ablation of specific subpopulations, has not previously been applicable to studying follicular subpopulations because many of the genes and Gal4 enhancer trap insertions that are expressed in the ovary are also expressed at earlier times in development. To overcome this problem, we have utilized a fusion protein between Gal4 and the human estrogen receptor to achieve hormone-dependent, tissue-specific gene expression of UAS-linked transgenes in flies. We used this system to study the role of the polar subpopulations of follicle cells during oogenesis by expressing within them a modified form of diphtheria toxin that causes cell death. Our results confirmed previous functions ascribed to these cells, and also demonstrated a previously undescribed role for the border cells in facilitating the migration of the anterior Fasciclin III-expressing polar pair cells to the edge of the oocyte.

scholarly journals Role of cyclic AMP in the control of cell-specific gene expression

1993 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 204-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wolfgang Schmid ◽  
Doris Nitsch ◽  
Michael Boshart ◽  
Günther Schütz
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Cyclic Amp ◽  
Specific Gene ◽  
Specific Gene Expression

scholarly journals Oestrogen receptors and antioestrogen treatment of hormone-dependent tumours

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 91
Author(s):  
N. G. KOSTOMITSOPOULOS (Ν.Γ. ΚΩΣΤΟΜΗΤΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ)
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Gene Expression ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Human Breast Cancer ◽  
Oestrogen Receptor ◽  
Specific Gene ◽  
Oestrogen Receptors ◽  
Human Breast ◽  
Potential Use

The oestrogen receptor is a ligand-activated transcription factor that modulates specific gene expression by binding to short DNA sequences. The study of the role of oestrogen receptor on the expression of the mitogenic actionof oestrogens and oncogenesis lead biomedical research in new approaches of the treatment of oestrogen-dependent tumors by using antioestrogens. Main mechanism of action of antioestrogens is the prevention of oestrogen action by blocking the binding of oestradiol to the oestrogen receptor. Tamoxifen, the most wellknown antioestrogen, is widely used as adjuvant therapy in all stages of human breast cancer. Recently interest is focused on the potential use of "pure" antioestrogens. The use of antioestrogens in veterinary oncology is also under discussion.

scholarly journals Cohesin-dependent regulation of gene expression during differentiation is lost in cohesin-mutated myeloid malignancies

Blood ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 134 (24) ◽  
pp. 2195-2208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Sasca ◽  
Haiyang Yun ◽  
George Giotopoulos ◽  
Jakub Szybinski ◽  
Theo Evan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Acute Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Regulation Of Gene Expression ◽  
Specific Gene ◽  
Myeloid Malignancy ◽  
Erythroid Maturation ◽  
Acute Myeloid

Cohesin mutations are common in myeloid malignancy. Sasca et al elucidate the potential role of cohesin loss in myelodysplastic syndrome and acute myeloid leukemia (MDS/AML). They demonstrate that cohesin binding is critical for erythroid-specific gene expression and that reduction in cohesin impairs terminal erythroid maturation and promotes myeloid malignancy.

scholarly journals Role of the α2-Integrin in Osteoblast-specific Gene Expression and Activation of the Osf2 Transcription Factor

1998 ◽  
Vol 273 (49) ◽  
pp. 32988-32994 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guozhi Xiao ◽  
Dian Wang ◽  
M. Douglas Benson ◽  
Gerard Karsenty ◽  
Renny T. Franceschi
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Specific Gene ◽  
Specific Gene Expression

scholarly journals DE-Cadherin Is Required for Intercellular Motility during Drosophila Oogenesis

1999 ◽  
Vol 144 (3) ◽  
pp. 533-547 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulina Niewiadomska ◽  
Dorothea Godt ◽  
Ulrich Tepass
Keyword(s):  
Cell Migration ◽  
Follicle Cells ◽  
Epithelial Polarity ◽  
Border Cells ◽  
Drosophila Oogenesis ◽  
Animal Development ◽  
Border Cell ◽  
Germline Cells ◽  
Peripheral Cells ◽  
Homophilic Adhesion

Cadherins are involved in a variety of morphogenetic movements during animal development. However, it has been difficult to pinpoint the precise function of cadherins in morphogenetic processes due to the multifunctional nature of cadherin requirement. The data presented here indicate that homophilic adhesion promoted by Drosophila E-cadherin (DE-cadherin) mediates two cell migration events during Drosophila oogenesis. In Drosophila follicles, two groups of follicle cells, the border cells and the centripetal cells migrate on the surface of germline cells. We show that the border cells migrate as an epithelial patch in which two centrally located cells retain epithelial polarity and peripheral cells are partially depolarized. Both follicle cells and germline cells express DE-cadherin, and border cells and centripetal cells strongly upregulate the expression of DE-cadherin shortly before and during their migration. Removing DE-cadherin from either the follicle cells or the germline cells blocks migration of border cells and centripetal cells on the surface of germline cells. The function of DE-cadherin in border cells appears to be specific for migration as the formation of the border cell cluster and the adhesion between border cells are not disrupted in the absence of DE-cadherin. The speed of migration depends on the level of DE-cadherin expression, as border cells migrate more slowly when DE-cadherin activity is reduced. Finally, we show that the upregulation of DE-cadherin expression in border cells depends on the activity of the Drosophila C/EBP transcription factor that is essential for border cell migration.

scholarly journals PAC: Highly accurate quantification of allelic gene expression for population and disease genetics

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Saukkonen ◽  
Helena Kilpinen ◽  
Alan Hodgkinson
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Gene Regulation ◽  
Rna Sequencing ◽  
Specific Gene ◽  
Read Alignment ◽  
Specific Gene Expression ◽  
Powerful Approach ◽  
Allelic Gene ◽  
Allele Specific ◽  
Accurate Quantification

Analysis of allele-specific gene expression (ASE) is a powerful approach for studying gene regulation. However, detection of ASE events relies on accurate alignment of RNA-sequencing reads, where challenges still remain. We have developed PAC, a method that combines multiple steps to improve the quantification of allelic reads, including personalised (i.e. diploid) read alignment with improved allocation of multi-mapping reads. We show that PAC outperforms standard alignment approaches for ASE detection in both accuracy and in the number of sites it can reliably quantify.

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