The axr6 mutants of Arabidopsis thaliana define a gene involved in auxin response and early development

Development ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 127 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Hobbie ◽  
M. McGovern ◽  
L.R. Hurwitz ◽  
A. Pierro ◽  
N.Y. Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Development ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Vascular Pattern ◽  
Chromosome 4 ◽  
Plant Growth And Development ◽  
Auxin Response ◽  
Developmental Defects ◽  
Physiological Alterations ◽  
Molecular Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Arrest Growth

The indolic compound auxin regulates virtually every aspect of plant growth and development, but its role in embryogenesis and its molecular mechanism of action are not understood. We describe two mutants of Arabidopsis that define a novel gene called AUXIN-RESISTANT6 (AXR6) which maps to chromosome 4. Embryonic development of the homozygous axr6 mutants is disrupted by aberrant patterns of cell division, leading to defects in the cells of the suspensor, root and hypocotyl precursors, and provasculature. The homozygous axr6 mutants arrest growth soon after germination lacking a root and hypocotyl and with severe vascular pattern defects in their cotyledons. Whereas previously described mutants with similar developmental defects are completely recessive, axr6 heterozygotes display a variety of morphological and physiological alterations that are most consistent with a defect in auxin physiology or response. The AXR6 gene is likely to be important for auxin response throughout the plant, including early development.

Auxin response factors and plant growth and development

2011 ◽  
Vol 33 (12) ◽  
pp. 1335-1346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen-Hua LIU ◽  
Yan-Chong YU ◽  
Feng-Ning XIANG
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Plant Growth And Development ◽  
Auxin Response ◽  
Response Factors ◽  
Auxin Response Factors

Diketopiperazine Modulates Arabidopsis thaliana Root System Architecture by Promoting Interactions of Auxin Receptor TIR1 and IAA7/17 Proteins

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lujun Yin ◽  
Xiaodong Chen ◽  
Q i Chen ◽  
Dongqing Wei ◽  
Xiang-Yang Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
System Architecture ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Lateral Root ◽  
Root System Architecture ◽  
Signal Molecules ◽  
Plant Growth And Development ◽  
Auxin Response ◽  
Auxin Receptor

ABSTRACT Plants can detect the quorum sensing (QS) signaling molecules of microorganisms, such as amino acids, fat derivatives and diketopiperazines (DKPs), thus allowing the exchange information to promote plant growth and development. Here, we evaluated the effects of 12 synthesized DKPs on Arabidopsis thaliana roots and studied their underlying mechanisms of action. Results showed that, as QS signal molecules, the DKPs promoted lateral root development and root hair formation in A.thaliana to differing degrees. The DKPs enhanced the polar transport of the plant hormone auxin from the shoot to root and triggered the auxin-responsive protein IAA7/17 to decrease the auxin response factor, leading to the accumulation of auxin at the root tip and accelerated root growth. In addition, the DKPs induced the development of lateral roots and root hair in the A. thaliana root system architecture via interference with auxin receptor transporter inhibitor response protein 1 (TIR1). A series of TIR1 sites that potentially interact with DKPs were also predicted using molecular docking analysis. Mutations of these sites inhibited the phosphorylation of TIR1 after DKP treatment, thereby inhibiting lateral root formation, especially TIR1-1 site. This study identified several DKP signal molecules in the QS system that can promote the expression of auxin response factors ARF7/19 via interactions of TIR1 and IAA7/17 proteins, thus promoting plant growth and development.

scholarly journals Up in the air: Untethered Factors of Auxin Response

F1000Research ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samantha K. Powers ◽  
Lucia C. Strader
Keyword(s):  
Cell Division ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Essential Role ◽  
S Phase ◽  
Auxin Signaling ◽  
Plant Growth And Development ◽  
Auxin Response ◽  
Transport Inhibitor ◽  
Auxin Binding

As a prominent regulator of plant growth and development, the hormone auxin plays an essential role in controlling cell division and expansion. Auxin-responsive gene transcription is mediated through the TRANSPORT INHIBITOR RESPONSE1/AUXIN SIGNALING F-BOX (TIR1/AFB) pathway. Roles for TIR1/AFB pathway components in auxin response are understood best, but additional factors implicated in auxin responses require more study. The function of these factors, including S-Phase Kinase-Associated Protein 2A (SKP2A), SMALL AUXIN UP RNAs (SAURs), INDOLE 3-BUTYRIC ACID RESPONSE5 (IBR5), and AUXIN BINDING PROTEIN1 (ABP1), has remained largely obscure. Recent advances have begun to clarify roles for these factors in auxin response while also raising additional questions to be answered.

Mechanisms of ethylene biosynthesis and response in plants

2015 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 61-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul B. Larsen
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Ethylene Biosynthesis ◽  
Unsaturated Hydrocarbon ◽  
Flower Senescence ◽  
Detailed Knowledge ◽  
Plant Growth And Development ◽  
Step Process ◽  
Ethylene Response ◽  
Ethylene Signalling

Ethylene is the simplest unsaturated hydrocarbon, yet it has profound effects on plant growth and development, including many agriculturally important phenomena. Analysis of the mechanisms underlying ethylene biosynthesis and signalling have resulted in the elucidation of multistep mechanisms which at first glance appear simple, but in fact represent several levels of control to tightly regulate the level of production and response. Ethylene biosynthesis represents a two-step process that is regulated at both the transcriptional and post-translational levels, thus enabling plants to control the amount of ethylene produced with regard to promotion of responses such as climacteric flower senescence and fruit ripening. Ethylene production subsequently results in activation of the ethylene response, as ethylene accumulation will trigger the ethylene signalling pathway to activate ethylene-dependent transcription for promotion of the response and for resetting the pathway. A more detailed knowledge of the mechanisms underlying biosynthesis and the ethylene response will ultimately enable new approaches to be developed for control of the initiation and progression of ethylene-dependent developmental processes, many of which are of horticultural significance.

Response of Poinsettia Growth and Development to Ratio of Radiant to Thermal Energy

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 508e-508
Author(s):  
Bin Liu ◽  
Royal D. Heins
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Model Simulation ◽  
Interactive Effect ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Plant Spacing ◽  
Plant Growth And Development ◽  
Daily Light Integral ◽  
Highly Correlated

A concept of ratio of radiant to thermal energy (RRT) has been developed to deal with the interactive effect of light and temperature on plant growth and development. This study further confirms that RRT is a useful parameter for plant growth, development, and quality control. Based on greenhouse experiments conducted with 27 treatment combinations of temperature, light, and plant spacing, a model for poinsettia plant growth and development was constructed using the computer program STELLA II. Results from the model simulation with different levels of daily light integral, temperature, and plant spacing showed that the RRT significantly affects leaf unfolding rate when RRT is lower than 0.025 mol/degree-day per plant. Plant dry weight is highly correlated with RRT; it increases linearly as RRT increases.

scholarly journals 'n Heilige, algemene kerk

2015 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wim Dreyer
Keyword(s):  
Early Development ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Nicene Creed ◽  
The Church

A holy, universal church. The Nicene Creed and the  Apostolicum went through different processes of growth and development. In the early development of both creeds, it is noticeable that articles about ‘the church’ are absent. In this contribution the creeds are examined in terms of their development, the inclusion of the articles on the church, their reception during the 16th century Reformation as well as difficulties in the official Afrikaans translations. It concludes with a short exposition of the Apostolicum’s article on the church (sanctam Ecclesiam catholicam).

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