A functional homologue of goosecoid in Drosophila

Development ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 122 (5) ◽  
pp. 1641-1650 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Goriely ◽  
M. Stella ◽  
C. Coffinier ◽  
D. Kessler ◽  
C. Mailhos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Sequence ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Homeobox Gene ◽  
Functional Domain ◽  
Vertebrate Development ◽  
Cellular Processes ◽  
Protein Sequence Homology ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Right ◽  
Shed Light

We have cloned a Drosophila homologue (D-gsc) of the vertebrate homeobox gene goosecoid (gsc). In the Gsc proteins, the pressure for conservation has been imposed on the homeodomain, the functional domain of the protein: sequence homology is limited to the homeodomain (78% identity) and to a short stretch of 7 aminoacids also found in other homeoproteins such as Engrailed. Despite this weak homology, D-gsc is able to mimic gsc function in a Xenopus assay, as shown by its ability to rescue the axis development of a UV-irradiated embryo. Moreover, our data suggest that the position of insect and vertebrate gsc homologues within a regulatory network has also been conserved: D-gsc expression is controlled by decapentaplegic, orthodenticle, sloppy-paired and tailless whose homologues control gsc expression (for BMP4 and Otx-2), or are expressed at the right time and the right place (for XFKH1/Pintallavis and Tlx) to be interacting with gsc during vertebrate development. However, the pattern of D-gsc expression in ectodermal cells of the nervous system and foregut cannot easily be reconciled with that of vertebrate gsc mesodermal expression, suggesting that its precise developmental function might have diverged. Still, this comparison of domains of expression and functions among Gsc proteins could shed light on a common origin of gut formation and/or on basic cellular processes. The identification of gsc target genes and/or other genes involved in similar developmental processes will allow the definition of the precise phylogenetic relationship among Gsc proteins.

scholarly journals A Review of the Criminal Procedure System and its Causes A Model Study on the Arab Countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 192-233
Author(s):  
Muhammad Laeba ◽  
Mohamed Ibrahim Negasi ◽  
Mohammed Salem Sultan Hariz
Keyword(s):  
Arab Countries ◽  
The Other ◽  
Res Judicata ◽  
Model Study ◽  
Legal Nature ◽  
Judicial Ruling ◽  
Descriptive Approach ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Right ◽  
Shed Light

Reconsideration is one of the methods of extraordinary objection to the final judgments, i.e. those that have acquired the authority of the res judicata and become unobjectionable by appeal or cassation, and it is one of the regular means granted to litigants by virtue of which they can file a lawsuit for the damage they have suffered as a result of a judgment or decision. In their interest, and in this sense, it is a license granted by the system to the litigants to show the defects of the judgment issued in the case and to demand the competent judiciary to cancel it or amend it in a way that removes its defects. Some laws and regulations in Arab countries call it reconsideration, others petition, and the other retrial. With these different names, it became clear to the researcher, after studying these means, especially in the statutory reasons and justifications that their existence requires to object accordingly to reconsider a decision or a judicial ruling issued in the interest of the objector to obtain a decision or a judicial ruling in his favor, and he found that there is a problem in some of them, which It lies in the fact that only the litigants have the right to use it, so no objection is accepted from another person who is not a party to the lawsuit. Therefore, the researcher in this study will shed light on it through the use of the inductive and descriptive approach in order to show its importance in achieving judicial justice, which guarantees the litigants to resolve the dispute between them by reconsidering the final ruling, in order to arrive at a new ruling that expresses the desired truth, and he divided it into two sections, The first is a definition of the concept of reviewing the system of criminal procedures and its legal nature, and the second of the reasons for which litigants may request a review of the system of criminal procedures based on the final rulings and the legal nature of these reasons.

Bix1, a direct target of Xenopus T-box genes, causes formation of ventral mesoderm and endoderm

Development ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 125 (20) ◽  
pp. 3997-4006 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Tada ◽  
E.S. Casey ◽  
L. Fairclough ◽  
J.C. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Target Genes ◽  
Regulatory Region ◽  
Homeobox Gene ◽  
Subtractive Hybridization ◽  
Vertebrate Development ◽  
Transcription Activator ◽  
T Box ◽  
Endodermal Differentiation ◽  
Inducing Factors ◽  
Mesoderm Inducing Factors

Brachyury, a member of the T-box gene family, is required for posterior mesoderm and notochord differentiation in vertebrate development, and mis-expression of Xenopus Brachyury causes ectopic mesoderm formation. Brachyury is a transcription activator, and its ability to activate transcription is essential for its biological function, but Brachyury target genes have proved difficult to identify. Here we employ a hormone-inducible Brachyury construct and subtractive hybridization to search for such targets. Using this approach we have isolated Bix1, a homeobox gene expressed both in the marginal zone of Xenopus and in the vegetal hemisphere. Expression of Bix1 is induced in an immediate-early fashion by mesoderm-inducing factors such as activin as well as by the products of the T-box genes Xbra and VegT (also known as Antipodean, Brat and Xombi). Activation of Bix1 in response to Xbra is direct in the sense that it does not require protein synthesis, and both Xbra and VegT activate expression of a reporter gene driven by the Bix 5′ regulatory region, which contains an Xbra/VegT binding site. Mis-expression of low levels of Bix1 causes formation of ventral mesoderm, while high levels induce endodermal differentiation. These results suggest that Bix1 acts downstream of both VegT and Xbra to induce formation of mesoderm and endoderm.

How defining startup companies can help to set the stage for an entrepreneurial ecosystem: an overview

2020 ◽  
pp. 65-83
Author(s):  
Michele Modina ◽  
Gabriele Ianiro
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
High Growth ◽  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
Entrepreneurial Ecosystem ◽  
The World ◽  
Growth Firms ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Right ◽  
Shed Light

In recent years the construction of a thriving entrepreneurial ecosystem has attracted the interest of academics and those working in the world of business and finance. To be able, though, to set the right actions in the startup culture and education fields, it is fundamental to understand what startup companies and their needs are. In this paper we shed light on the definition of startup companies (with the help of two different life cycle theories), and most importantly we try to provide the reader with some basic knowledge on why these innovative, high growth firms are so important to fuel such an ecosystem.

Production and Reproduction: The Issues Involved in Reconciling Work and Pregnancy

2002 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Romaine Malenfant ◽  
Maria De Koninck
Keyword(s):  
Social Relationships ◽  
Work Conditions ◽  
Predominant Role ◽  
Family Responsibilities ◽  
Female Workers ◽  
Safe Work ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Right ◽  
Continued Employment ◽  
Shed Light

Quebec legislation in occupational health contains a measure that gives pregnant workers the right to demand healthy and safe work conditions so that they can continue working while they are pregnant. About one-third of pregnant workers exercise this right every year. Nonetheless, even though the legislation's goal is to favor continued employment, more than 75 percent of the female workers who are eligible for protective reassignment are, in fact, not reassigned to other work stations or tasks, and instead must stop working. The results presented here stem from research intended to improve our understanding of the difficulties that arise in the workplace when the organization of work has to be reconciled with pregnancy. In telling us their experiences, the 51 pregnant workers we interviewed gave us their definition of “reconciliation.” They did this by identifying the elements and areas of their occupational and family responsibilities that hindered or favored this reconciliation. They thus brought to light the predominant role that social relationships play in these situations. The comments of the women we met shed light on work conditions and organizations whose characteristics, once identified, suggest some of the changes needed to make this reconciliation possible.

scholarly journals [MANIFESTATIONS OF MERCY IN THE SOCIAL RIGHTS OF WOMEN FROM AN ISLAMIC PERSPECTIVE AND COMPARISON WITH WESTERN CIVILIZATIONS] مظاهر الرحمة في الحقوق الاجتماعية للمرأة من منظور إسلامي ومقارنتها بالحضارات الغربية

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-74
Author(s):  
Afaf Salman ◽  
Wan Mohd Yusof Wan Chik ◽  
Faruk Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Muslim Women ◽  
Social Rights ◽  
Inductive Approach ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family ◽  
Islamic Religion ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Right ◽  
Shed Light

The study aimed to shed light on the manifestations of mercy in women's social rights in Islam and see the situation of women in ancient civilizations. This study belongs to the pattern of studies estimating the situation based on the analytical inductive approach. It is one of the most important methods of scientific research, and the inductive approach relies on scientific observation, whereby texts and opinions related to the social rights of women are traced and then analyzed and inferring aspects of mercy in them in order to reach a complete perception of this study. The results of the study showed that the Islamic religion is the only one that strengthened the position of women, honored them, and gave them all their rights completely in a way that suits her natural fit compared to the situation of women in other civilizations. The researcher concluded that compassion is a basic principle with all the meanings of charity and softness away from the hardship in our true religion. The features of mercy were represented by the woman’s sense of psychological comfort and her sense of being and existence, giving her the right to self-determination like the right to choose a husband. These rights are based on stability and harmony, which contribute to the family achieving its goals. The study reached a set of conclusions, the most prominent of which is the definition of the landmarks of mercy in all areas related to women in our true religion, holding international conferences and symposia to be a tool for advocating the religion of God and working to make Muslim women aware of their rights and duties by educating spouses and everyone who is about to build a family in order to build informed and healthy Islamic societies, and activating the role of Muslim women and protecting their rights from being swept away in the current of Western culture                                                                                                              هدفت الدراسة إلى تسليط الضوء على مظاهر الرحمة  في الحقوق الاجتماعية المرأة في الإسلام والاطلاع على وضع المرأة في الحضارات القديمة، حيث تنتمي هذه الدراسة إلى نمط الدراسات تقدير الموقف بالاعتماد على المنهج الاستقرائي التحليلي، وهو منهج من أهم مناهج البحث العلمي، ويعتمد المنهج الاستقرائي على الملاحظة العلمية، حيث يتم تتبع النصوص والآراء المتعلقة بالحقوق الاجتماعية للمرأة ومن ثم تحليلها واستنتاج مظاهر الرحمة فيها للوصول إلى تصور كلي لهذه الدراسة، حيث أظهرت نتائج الدراسة أن الدين الإسلامي هو الوحيد الذي عزز مكانة المرأة وأكرمها وأعطاها كافة حقوقها غير منقوصة بما يلائم فطرتها الطبيعية مقارنة مع وضع المرأة في الحضارات الأخرى، وتوصلت الباحثة إلى أن  الرحمة هو مبدأ رئيس بكل ما تحتوي من معاني الإحسان واللين بعيدا عن المشقة في ديننا الحنيف، وتمثلت معالم الرحمة من خلال شعور المرأة بالراحة النفسية وإحساسها بكيانها ووجودها، وإعطائها الحق في تقرير مصيرها مثل الحق في اختيار الزوج، فهذه الحقوق تؤسس إلى الاستقرار والانسجام مما يساهم في تحقيق الأسرة لأهدافها، وقد توصلت الدراسة إلى مجموعة من الاستنتاجات من أبرزها التعريف بمعالم الرحمة في جميع المجالات والمتعلقة بالمرأة في ديننا الحنيف، وعقد المؤتمرات والندوات الدولية لتكـون أداة مـن أدوات الدعوة إلى دين الله والعمل على توعية المرأة المسلمة بحقوقها وواجباتها وذلك بتوعية الزوجين ولكل من هو مقبل على بناء أسرة من أجل بناء مجتمعات إسلامية واعية وصحية، وتفعيل دور المرأة المسلمة وحماية حقوقها من الانجراف في تـيار الثقافة الغربية.

THE CONCEPT OF CONSTITUTIONAL AND LEGAL GUARANTEES OF ELECTORAL RIGHTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 85-90
Author(s):  
VLADIMIR TROYAN ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Research ◽  
Formal Aspect ◽  
Universal Approach ◽  
Right To Vote ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Right

The relevance of the interpretation of constitutional and legal guarantees of the right to vote is mediated by isolated scientific research in this area, as well as the lack of a universal approach to legal guarantees. In this regard, the purpose of the article is to argue and disclose the author’s definitive aspect of the claimed guarantees. In the work, the author named and characterized the normative (based exclusively on legal means) with the perspective of a branch of legal and technical; regulatory and institutional (combines the formal aspect with the activities of authorized entities) and associated legal (including a set of legal and other aspects) approaches to the definition of legal guarantees. Based on the second approach, as well as combining the guarantees of the right to vote directly guarantees of the subjective right itself and guarantees of its implementation, the author offers a definition of constitutional and legal guarantees of the right to vote.

administrasi ketatausahaan sekolah

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isra Revenia
Keyword(s):  
Information Needs ◽  
Control Functions ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Right ◽  
And Control

This article is made to know the destinantion and the administrasi functions of the school in order to assist the leader of an organazation in making decisions and doing the right thing, recording of such statements in addition to the information needs also pertains to the function of accountabilitty and control functions. Administrative administration is the activity of recording for everything that happens in the organization to be used as information for leaders. While the definition of administration is all processing activities that start from collecting (receiving), recording, processing, duplicating, minimizing and storing all the information of correspondence needed by the organization. Administration is as an activity to determine everything that happens in the organization, to be used as material for information by the leadership, which includes all activities ranging from manufacturing, managing, structuring to all the preparation of information needed by the organization.

SELF ASSESSMENT TO KNOW UNDERSTANDING MATHEMATIC CONCEPT

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-21
Author(s):  
Deni Iriyadi
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Resolution Limit ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
Limit Concept ◽  
Research Instrument ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Right

This research is a qualitative study aimed to determine the students' understanding of the concept of matter limit. The subjects were students of class XI IPA 1 SMA Negeri 1 Watampone. The concept includes the definition of the limit. Data obtained using a research instrument in the form of self-assessment and then proceed with the interview subjects were selected based on the results of self-assessment has been done before. Analysis using qualitative analysis of students' understanding of the concept of the limit concept. The results of this study indicate that students' understanding of concepts some of which are not / do not understand especially regarding definitions limit. In addition students are also wrong about the resolution limit. Students who understand the concept of limit dinyakatakan them restate concepts, including examples and classify the sample to non-completion of function and limit the right results.

DIRECTIONS FOR PROVISION OF PUBLIC BODIES’ TRANSPARENCY AND ACCOUNTABILITY IN CONDITIONS OF PARTICIPATORY DEMOCRACY DEVELOPMENT

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (11) ◽  
pp. 144-154
Author(s):  
Olga Mykhailоvna Ivanitskaya
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Participatory Democracy ◽  
Main Task ◽  
The Public ◽  
State Governance ◽  
Legislative Initiative ◽  
The Government ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Right ◽  
Transparency And Accountability

The article is devoted to issues of ensuring transparency and ac- countability of authorities in the conditions of participatory democracy (democ- racy of participation). It is argued that the public should be guaranteed not only the right for access to information but also the prerequisites for expanding its par- ticipation in state governance. These prerequisites include: the adoption of clearly measurable macroeconomic and social goals and the provision of control of the processes of their compliance with the government by citizens of the country; ex- tension of the circle of subjects of legislative initiative due to realization of such rights by citizens and their groups; legislative definition of the forms of citizens’ participation in making publicly significant decisions, design of relevant orders and procedures, in particular participation in local referendum; outlining methods and procedures for taking into account social thought when making socially im- portant decisions. The need to disclose information about resources that are used by authorities to realize the goals is proved as well as key performance indicators that can be monitored by every citizen; the efforts made by governments of coun- tries to achieve these goals. It was noted that transparency in the conditions of representative democracy in its worst forms in a society where ignorance of the thought of society and its individual members is ignored does not in fact fulfill its main task — to establish an effective dialogue between the authorities and so- ciety. There is a distortion of the essence of transparency: instead of being heard, society is being asked to be informed — and passively accept the facts presented as due. In fact, transparency and accountability in this case are not instruments for the achievement of democracy in public administration, but by the form of a tacit agreement between the subjects of power and people, where the latter passes the participation of an “informed observer”.

MiRNA-145 and Its Direct Downstream Targets in Digestive System Cancers: A Promising Therapeutic Target

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yini Ma ◽  
Xiu Cao ◽  
Guojuan Shi ◽  
Tianlu Shi
Keyword(s):  
Digestive System ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Malignant Neoplasm ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Diagnostic Biomarkers ◽  
Cellular Processes ◽  
Promising Therapeutic Target ◽  
Direct Target ◽  
Potential Strategy

: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a vital role in the onset and development of many diseases, including cancers. Emerging evidence shows that numerous miRNAs have the potential to be used as diagnostic biomarkers for cancers, and miRNA-based therapy may be a promising therapy for the treatment of malignant neoplasm. MicroRNA-145 (miR-145) has been considered to play certain roles in various cellular processes, such as proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis, via modulating expression of direct target genes. Recent reports show that miR-145 participates in the progression of digestive system cancers, and plays crucial and novel roles for cancer treatment. In this review, we summarize the recent knowledge concerning the function of miR-145 and its direct targets in digestive system cancers. We discuss the potential role of miR-145 as valuable biomarkers for digestive system cancers and how miR-145 regulates these digestive system cancers via different targets to explore the potential strategy of targeting miR-145.

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