Developmental expression of mouse stromelysin-3 mRNA

Development ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 121 (4) ◽  
pp. 947-955 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Lefebvre ◽  
C. Regnier ◽  
M.P. Chenard ◽  
C. Wendling ◽  
P. Chambon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Mesenchymal Cells ◽  
Developmental Expression ◽  
Spatiotemporal Pattern ◽  
Commissural Axons ◽  
Embryonic Tissues ◽  
Trophoblastic Cells ◽  
Neuroepithelial Cells ◽  
Stromelysin 3

We have used northern blot analysis and in situ hybridization to study the spatial distribution of stromelysin-3 (ST3) expression during mouse embryogenesis. ST3 mRNA was observed in trophoblastic cells at the site of embryonic implantation (7.5-8.5 days) and in a variety of developing embryonic tissues. In these tissues, the highest ST3 expression levels were observed during the development of the external features of limb, tail and snout, and during bone and spinal cord morphogenesis. In limb, tail and snout, ST3 expression was specifically detected in mesenchymal cells lining the basement membrane at the junction of primitive dermis and epidermis, and adjacent to epithelial cells undergoing proliferation and/or apoptosis. In bone, ST3 was expressed in invasive mesenchymal cells and, in the spinal cord in neuroepithelial cells of the floor plate, at the time that this structure is crossed by commissural axons. Altogether, these observations suggest a role for ST3 during embryonic morphogenesis, in tissue remodeling processes associated with cell proliferation, death and/or invasion. Moreover, when compared to urokinase and tissue plasminogen activators, the spatiotemporal pattern of ST3 expression shows some similarities, but was not completely superimposable, suggesting that these genes may cooperate in some developing tissues and have specific functions in others.

scholarly journals PATH-23. ADULT SPINAL CORD ASTROBLASTOMA WITH EWSR1-BEND2 FUSION

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. iii429-iii429
Author(s):  
Takeyoshi Tsutsui ◽  
Yoshiki Arakawa ◽  
Yasuhide Makino ◽  
Hiroharu Kataoka ◽  
Sachiko Minamiguti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Residual Tumor ◽  
Intramedullary Tumor ◽  
Partial Removal ◽  
Weighted Image ◽  
Eosinophilic Cytoplasm ◽  
S 100 ◽  
High Cellularity ◽  
Adult Spinal Cord

Abstract The most recurrent fusion of CNS high-grade neuroepithelial tumor with MN1alteration(HGNET-MN1) is MN1- BEN Domain Containing 2(BEND2) fusion. Recently, there was a report of a 3-month-old boy with spinal astroblastoma, classified as CNS HGNET-MN1 by DKFZ methylation classification but positive for EWSR1-BEND2 fusion(Yamasaki, 2019). Here, we report a 36-year old man with a spinal cord astroblastoma with EWSR1 alternation. The patient presented with back pain, gait disorder and dysesthesia in lower extremities and trunk was referred to our hospital. MRI showed intramedullary tumor in Th3-5 level, displaying low-intensity on T1 weighted image, high-intensity on T2 weighted image, and homogeneous gadolinium enhancement. Partial removal was performed with the laminectomy. The tumor extended to extramedullary and its boundary was unclear. Histological examinations showed the epithelium-like tumor cells with eosinophilic cytoplasm with high cellularity palisade, intracellar fibrosis, and mitosis. Immunohistochemical staining showed positive for Olig2, GFAP, EMA, SSTR2, S-100, but negative for p53, PgRAE1/AE3. The tumor was diagnosed as astroblastoma, and was classified as HGNET-MN1 by the DKFZ methylation classifier. However, the MN1 alternation was not detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization, instead EWSR1 and BEND2 alternations which suggested EWSR1-BEND2 fusion were detected. After radiation therapy of 54Gy/30fr with bevacizumab and temozolomide, the residual tumor reduced the size and his symptoms improved. This case provides evidence that EWSR1-BEND2 fusion is recurrent in HGNET-MN1 and, as previously reported, suggests the importance of BEND2 in this entity. These two cases suggested that it may be the BEND2 alteration that biologically defines the HGNET-MN1 subclass rather than MN1.

Novel tenascin variants with a distinctive pattern of expression in the avian embryo

Development ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 120 (3) ◽  
pp. 637-647
Author(s):  
R.P. Tucker ◽  
J. Spring ◽  
S. Baumgartner ◽  
D. Martin ◽  
C. Hagios ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genomic Library ◽  
Chicken Embryo Fibroblast ◽  
Cdna Probe ◽  
Avian Embryo ◽  
Degenerate Primers ◽  
Type Iii ◽  
Embryonic Tissues ◽  
Fibronectin Type Iii ◽  
Fibronectin Type

Previous studies have shown that several forms of the glycoprotein tenascin are present in the embryonic extracellular matrix. These forms are the result of alternative splicing, which generates tenascin variants with different numbers of fibronectin type III repeats. We have used degenerate primers and PCR to isolate a novel tenascin exon from an avian genomic library. Genomic clones contained a sequence encoding a fibronectin type III repeat that corresponds to repeat ‘C’ from the variable domain of human tenascin. To demonstrate that tenascin containing repeat ‘C’ is actually synthesized by avian cells, a monospecific antiserum was raised against a repeat ‘C’ fusion protein. This antiserum recognized a novel high-molecular-weight variant on immunoblots of tenascin isolated from chicken embryo fibroblast-conditioned medium, and stained tendons on frozen sections of chicken embryos. A cDNA probe specific for mRNA encoding repeat ‘C’ was used for in situ hybridization. This probe hybridized in a subset of the embryonic tissues labelled with a universal tenascin probe, including tendons, ligaments and mesenchyme at sites of epithelial-mesenchymal interactions. Finally, we provide evidence that additional fibronectin type III repeats, one corresponding to a recently discovered human repeat as well as one entirely novel sequence, also exists in chicken tenascin mRNA. These data indicate that tenascin is present in the embryonic matrix in a multitude of forms and that these forms have distinctive distributions that may reflect more than one function for tenascin in development.

scholarly journals Central opioid receptors mediate morphine-induced itch and chronic itch

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zilong Wang ◽  
Changyu Jiang ◽  
Hongyu Yao ◽  
Ouyang Chen ◽  
Sreya Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Sensory Neurons ◽  
Common Side Effect ◽  
Cellular Mechanisms ◽  
Conditional Deletion ◽  
Outward Currents ◽  
Clinical Pain ◽  
Chronic Itch ◽  
Allergic Contact

AbstractOpioids, such as morphine are mainstay treatments for clinical pain conditions. Itch is a common side effect of opioids, particularly as a result of epidural or intrathecal (i.t.) administration. Recent progress has advanced our understanding of itch circuits in the spinal cord. However, the mechanisms underlying opioid-induced itch are not fully understood, although an interaction between µ-opioid receptor (MOR) and gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRPR) in spinal GRPR-expressing neurons has been implicated. In this study we investigated the cellular mechanisms of intrathecal (i.t.) opioid-induced itch by conditional deletion of MOR-encoding Oprm1 in distinct populations of interneurons and sensory neurons. We found that i.t. injection of the MOR agonists morphine or DAMGO elicited dose-dependent scratching, but this pruritus was totally abolished in mice with a specific Oprm1 deletion in Vgat+ neurons (Oprm1-Vgat). Loss of MOR in somatostatin+ interneurons and TRPV1+ sensory neurons did not affect morphine-induced itch but impaired morphine-induced antinociception. In situ hybridization revealed Oprm1 expression in 30% of inhibitory and 20% of excitatory interneurons in the spinal dorsal horn. Whole-cell recordings from spinal cord slices showed that DAMGO induced outward currents in 9 out of 19 Vgat+ interneurons examined. Morphine also inhibited action potentials in Vgat+ interneurons and suppressed evoked IPSCs in postsynaptic Vgat- excitatory neurons, suggesting a mechanism of disinhibition by MOR agonists. Notably, morphine-elicited itch was suppressed by i.t. administration of NPY and abolished by spinal ablation of GRPR+ neurons, whereas i.t. GRP-induced itch response remained intact in mice lacking Oprm1-Vgat. Additionally, chronic itch from DNFB-induced allergic contact dermatitis was decreased by Oprm1-Vgat deletion. Finally, naloxone, but not peripherally restricted naloxone methiodide, inhibited chronic itch in the DNFB model and the cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) model, indicating a contribution of central MOR signaling to chronic itch. Our findings demonstrate that i.t. morphine elicits itch via acting on MOR on spinal inhibitory interneurons, leading to disinhibition of the spinal itch circuit. Our data also suggest that chronic itch could be effectively treated with CNS-targeted naloxone.

scholarly journals Lotus japonicus Contains Two Distinct ENOD40 Genes That Are Expressed in Symbiotic, Nonsymbiotic, and Embryonic Tissues

2000 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 987-994 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanouil Flemetakis ◽  
Nektarios Kavroulakis ◽  
Nicolette E. M. Quaedvlieg ◽  
Herman P. Spaink ◽  
Maria Dimou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Nodule ◽  
Vascular System ◽  
Lotus Japonicus ◽  
Mrna Accumulation ◽  
Mesorhizobium Loti ◽  
Embryonic Tissues ◽  
Early Nodulin ◽  
Gene Transcripts ◽  
Young Seed

ENOD40, an early nodulin gene, has been postulated to play a significant role in legume root nodule ontogenesis. We have isolated two distinct ENOD40 genes from Lotus japonicus. The transcribed regions of the two ENOD40 genes share 65% homology, while the two promoters showed no significant homology. Both transcripts encode a putative dodecapeptide similar to that identified in other legumes forming determinate nodules. Both ENOD40 genes are coordinately expressed following inoculation of roots with Mesorhizobium loti or treatment with purified Nod factors. In the former case, mRNA accumulation could be detected up to 10 days following inoculation while in the latter case the accumulation was transient. High levels of both ENOD40 gene transcripts were found in nonsymbiotic tissues such as stems, fully developed flowers, green seed pods, and hypocotyls. A relatively lower level of both transcripts was observed in leaves, roots, and cotyledons. In situ hybridization studies revealed that, in mature nodules, transcripts of both ENOD40 genes accumulate in the nodule vascular system; additionally, in young seed pods strong signal is observed in the ovule, particularly in the phloem and epithelium, as well as in globular stage embryos.

In situ hybridization study of μ- and κ-opioid receptor mRNAs in the rat spinal cord and dorsal root ganglia

1994 ◽  
Vol 168 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 97-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keiko Maekawa ◽  
Masabumi Minami ◽  
Kazuki Yabuuchi ◽  
Takashi Toya ◽  
Yoshikazu Katao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Opioid Receptor ◽  
Dorsal Root Ganglia ◽  
Dorsal Root ◽  
Hybridization Study ◽  
Rat Spinal Cord ◽  
Receptor Mrnas

scholarly journals Human Mesenchymal Cells from Adipose Tissue Deposit Laminin and Promote Regeneration of Injured Spinal Cord in Rats

PLoS ONE ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. e96020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karla Menezes ◽  
Marcos Assis Nascimento ◽  
Juliana Pena Gonçalves ◽  
Aline Silva Cruz ◽  
Daiana Vieira Lopes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Mesenchymal Cells ◽  
Injured Spinal Cord
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