Restriction of neural crest cell fate in the trunk of the embryonic zebrafish

Development ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 120 (3) ◽  
pp. 495-503 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.W. Raible ◽  
J.S. Eisen
Keyword(s):  
Neural Crest ◽  
Cell Fate ◽  
Neural Crest Cell ◽  
Neural Crest Cells ◽  
Multiple Phenotypes ◽  
Trunk Neural Crest ◽  
Cell Type Specific ◽  
Derivatives Of ◽  
Crest Cell ◽  
Do So

To learn when cell fate differences first arise in the zebrafish trunk neural crest, individual premigratory crest cells were labeled intracellularly with fluorescent vital dyes, followed in living embryos and complete lineages recorded. Although some of the earliest cells to migrate produced derivatives of multiple phenotypes, most zebrafish trunk neural crest cells appear to be lineage-restricted, generating type-restricted precursors that produce single kinds of derivatives. Further, cells that produce derivatives of multiple phenotypes appear to do so by first generating type-restricted precursors. Among the various types of derivatives, sensory and sympathetic cells arise only from early migrating crest cells. Some type-restricted precursors display cell-type-specific characteristics while still migrating. Taken together, these observations suggest that some trunk neural crest cells are specified before reaching their final locations.

A role for rhoB in the delamination of neural crest cells from the dorsal neural tube

Development ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 125 (24) ◽  
pp. 5055-5067 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.P. Liu ◽  
T.M. Jessell
Keyword(s):  
Neural Crest ◽  
Cell Fate ◽  
Neural Tube ◽  
Neural Crest Cell ◽  
Neural Crest Cells ◽  
Bmp Signaling ◽  
Dorsal Neural Tube ◽  
Rho Family ◽  
Neural Crest Differentiation ◽  
Crest Cell

The differentiation of neural crest cells from progenitors located in the dorsal neural tube appears to involve three sequential steps: the specification of premigratory neural crest cell fate, the delamination of these cells from the neural epithelium and the migration of neural crest cells in the periphery. BMP signaling has been implicated in the specification of neural crest cell fate but the mechanisms that control the emergence of neural crest cells from the neural tube remain poorly understood. To identify molecules that might function at early steps of neural crest differentiation, we performed a PCR-based screen for genes induced by BMPs in chick neural plate cells. We describe the cloning and characterization of one gene obtained from this screen, rhoB, a member of the rho family GTP-binding proteins. rhoB is expressed in the dorsal neural tube and its expression persists transiently in migrating neural crest cells. BMPs induce the neural expression of rhoB but not the more widely expressed rho family member, rhoA. Inhibition of rho activity by C3 exotoxin prevents the delamination of neural crest cells from neural tube explants but has little effect on the initial specification of premigratory neural crest cell fate or on the later migration of neural crest cells. These results suggest that rhoB has a role in the delamination of neural crest cells from the dorsal neural tube.

scholarly journals Cell lineage analysis of the avian neural crest

Development ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 113 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 17-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marianne Bronner-Fraser ◽  
Scott E. Fraser
Keyword(s):  
Neural Crest ◽  
Cell Fate ◽  
Neural Tube ◽  
Sympathetic Neurons ◽  
Cell Lineage ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Neural Crest Cell ◽  
Neural Crest Cells ◽  
Developmental Potential ◽  
Trunk Neural Crest

Neural crest cells migrate extensively and give rise to diverse cell types, including cells of the sensory and autonomic nervous systems. A major unanswered question concerning the neural crest is when and how the neural crest cells become determined to adopt a particular fate. We have explored the developmental potential of trunk neural crest cells in avian embryos by microinjecting a vital dye, lysinated rhodamine dextran (LRD), into individual cells within the dorsal neural tube. We find that premigratory and emigrating neural crest cells give rise to descendants with distinct phenotypes in multiple neural crest derivatives. These results are consistent with the idea that neural crest cells are multipotent prior to their emigration from the neural tube and become restricted in phenotype after emigration from the neural tube either during their migration or at their sites of localization. To determine whether neural crest cells become restricted during their migration, we have microinjected individual trunk neural crest cells with dye shortly after they leave the neural tube or as they migrate through the somite. We find that a majority of the clones derived from migrating neural crest cells appear to be multipotent; individual migrating neural crest cells gave rise to both sensory and sympathetic neurons, as well as cells with the morphological characteristics of Schwann cells, and other nonneuronal cells. Even those clones contributing to only one neural crest derivative often contained both neurofilament-positive and neurofilament-negative cells. These data demonstrate that migrating trunk neural crest cells, like their premigratory progenitors, can be multipotent. They give rise to cells in multiple neural crest derivatives and contribute to both neuronal and non-neuronal elements within a given derivative. Thus, restriction of neural crest cell fate must occur relatively late in migration or at the final destinations.

scholarly journals Single cell RNA analysis of trunk neural crest cells in zebrafish identifies pre-migratory populations expressing markers of differentiated derivatives

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ezra Lencer ◽  
Rytis Prekeris ◽  
Kristin Bruk Artinger
Keyword(s):  
Neural Crest ◽  
Single Cell ◽  
Neural Crest Cell ◽  
Neural Crest Cells ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Vertebrate Development ◽  
Multiple Traits ◽  
Transcriptional Changes ◽  
Trunk Neural Crest ◽  
Crest Cell

AbstractThe neural crest is a migratory population of stem-like cells that contribute to multiple traits including the bones of the skull, peripheral nervous system, and pigment. How neural crest cells differentiate into diverse cell types is a fundamental question in the study of vertebrate biology. Here, we use single cell RNA sequencing to characterize transcriptional changes associated with neural crest cell development in the zebrafish trunk during the early stages of migration. We show that neural crest cells are transcriptionally diverse, and identify pre-migratory populations already expressing genes associated with differentiated derivatives. Further, we identify a population of Rohon-Beard neurons that are shown to be sources of Fgf signaling in the zebrafish trunk. The data presented identify novel genetic markers for multiple trunk neural crest cell populations and Rohon-Beard neurons providing insight into previously uncharacterized genes critical for vertebrate development.

scholarly journals T-cadherin expression alternates with migrating neural crest cells in the trunk of the avian embryo

Development ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 111 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Ranscht ◽  
M. Bronner-Fraser
Keyword(s):  
Cell Migration ◽  
Neural Crest ◽  
Neural Crest Cell ◽  
Neural Crest Cells ◽  
Small Population ◽  
Avian Embryo ◽  
Caudal Portion ◽  
Neural Crest Cell Migration ◽  
Trunk Neural Crest ◽  
Crest Cell

Trunk neural crest cells and motor axons move in a segmental fashion through the rostral (anterior) half of each somitic sclerotome, avoiding the caudal (posterior) half. This metameric migration pattern is thought to be caused by molecular differences between the rostral and caudal portions of the somite. Here, we describe the distribution of T-cadherin (truncated-cadherin) during trunk neural crest cell migration. T-cadherin, a novel member of the cadherin family of cell adhesion molecules was selectively expressed in the caudal half of each sclerotome at all times examined. T-cadherin immunostaining appeared graded along the rostrocaudal axis, with increasing levels of reactivity in the caudal halves of progressively more mature (rostral) somites. The earliest T-cadherin expression was detected in a small population of cells in the caudal portion of the somite three segments rostral to last-formed somite. This initial T-cadherin expression was observed concomitant with the invasion of the first neural crest cells into the rostral portion of the same somite in stage 16 embryos. When neural crest cells were ablated surgically prior to their emigration from the neural tube, the pattern of T-cadherin immunoreactivity was unchanged compared to unoperated embryos, suggesting that the metameric T-cadherin distribution occurs independent of neural crest cell signals. This expression pattern is consistent with the possibility that T-cadherin plays a role in influencing the pattern of neural crest cell migration and in maintaining somite polarity.

Cyclical fate restriction: a new view of neural crest cell fate specification

Development ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 148 (22) ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert N. Kelsh ◽  
Karen Camargo Sosa ◽  
Saeed Farjami ◽  
Vsevolod Makeev ◽  
Jonathan H. P. Dawes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Crest ◽  
Cell Fate ◽  
Pigment Cell ◽  
Neural Crest Cell ◽  
Neural Crest Cells ◽  
Cell Fate Specification ◽  
Fate Specification ◽  
Dynamic View ◽  
Fate Restriction ◽  
Crest Cell

ABSTRACT Neural crest cells are crucial in development, not least because of their remarkable multipotency. Early findings stimulated two hypotheses for how fate specification and commitment from fully multipotent neural crest cells might occur, progressive fate restriction (PFR) and direct fate restriction, differing in whether partially restricted intermediates were involved. Initially hotly debated, they remain unreconciled, although PFR has become favoured. However, testing of a PFR hypothesis of zebrafish pigment cell development refutes this view. We propose a novel ‘cyclical fate restriction’ hypothesis, based upon a more dynamic view of transcriptional states, reconciling the experimental evidence underpinning the traditional hypotheses.

scholarly journals Cranial and trunk neural crest cells use different mechanisms for attachment to extracellular matrices

Development ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 116 (3) ◽  
pp. 531-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Lallier ◽  
G. Leblanc ◽  
K.B. Artinger ◽  
M. Bronner-Fraser
Keyword(s):  
Neural Crest ◽  
Divalent Cation ◽  
Cell Attachment ◽  
Divalent Cations ◽  
Neural Crest Cell ◽  
Neural Crest Cells ◽  
Cranial Neural Crest ◽  
Trunk Neural Crest ◽  
Cranial Neural Crest Cells ◽  
Crest Cell

We have used a quantitative cell attachment assay to compare the interactions of cranial and trunk neural crest cells with the extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules fibronectin, laminin and collagen types I and IV. Antibodies to the beta 1 subunit of integrin inhibited attachment under all conditions tested, suggesting that integrins mediate neural crest cell interactions with these ECM molecules. The HNK-1 antibody against a surface carbohydrate epitope under certain conditions inhibited both cranial and trunk neural crest cell attachment to laminin, but not to fibronectin. An antiserum to alpha 1 intergrin inhibited attachment of trunk, but not cranial, neural crest cells to laminin and collagen type I, though interactions with fibronectin or collagen type IV were unaffected. The surface properties of trunk and cranial neural crest cells differed in several ways. First, trunk neural crest cells attached to collagen types I and IV, but cranial neural crest cells did not. Second, their divalent cation requirements for attachment to ECM molecules differed. For fibronectin substrata, trunk neural crest cells required divalent cations for attachment, whereas cranial neural crest cells bound in the absence of divalent cations. However, cranial neural crest cells lost this cation-independent attachment after a few days of culture. For laminin substrata, trunk cells used two integrins, one divalent cation-dependent and the other divalent cation-independent (Lallier, T. E. and Bronner-Fraser, M. (1991) Development 113, 1069–1081). In contrast, cranial neural crest cells attached to laminin using a single, divalent cation-dependent receptor system. Immunoprecipitations and immunoblots of surface labelled neural crest cells with HNK-1, alpha 1 integrin and beta 1 integrin antibodies suggest that cranial and trunk neural crest cells possess biochemically distinct integrins. Our results demonstrate that cranial and trunk cells differ in their mechanisms of adhesion to selected ECM components, suggesting that they are non-overlapping populations of cells with regard to their adhesive properties.

scholarly journals Single-cell RNA analysis identifies pre-migratory neural crest cells expressing markers of differentiated derivatives

eLife ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ezra Lencer ◽  
Rytis Prekeris ◽  
Kristin Bruk Artinger
Keyword(s):  
Neural Crest ◽  
Single Cell ◽  
Neural Crest Cell ◽  
Neural Crest Cells ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Vertebrate Development ◽  
Multiple Traits ◽  
Transcriptional Changes ◽  
Trunk Neural Crest ◽  
Crest Cell

The neural crest is a migratory population of stem-like cells that contribute to multiple traits including the bones of the skull, peripheral nervous system, and pigment. How neural crest cells differentiate into diverse cell types is a fundamental question in the study of vertebrate biology. Here, we use single-cell RNA sequencing to characterize transcriptional changes associated with neural crest cell development in the zebrafish trunk during the early stages of migration. We show that neural crest cells are transcriptionally diverse and identify pre-migratory populations already expressing genes associated with differentiated derivatives, specifically in the xanthophore lineage. Further, we identify a population of Rohon–Beard neurons in the data. The data presented identify novel genetic markers for multiple trunk neural crest cell populations and Rohon–Beard neurons providing insight into previously uncharacterized genes critical for vertebrate development.

scholarly journals Establishment of a murine culture system for modeling the temporal progression of cranial and trunk neural crest cell differentiation

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. dmm035097 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria R. Replogle ◽  
Virinchipuram S. Sreevidya ◽  
Vivian M. Lee ◽  
Michael D. Laiosa ◽  
Kurt R. Svoboda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
Neural Crest ◽  
Culture System ◽  
Neural Crest Cell ◽  
Trunk Neural Crest ◽  
Crest Cell

scholarly journals Avian neural crest cell attachment to laminin: involvement of divalent cation dependent and independent integrins

Development ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 113 (4) ◽  
pp. 1069-1084 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Lallier ◽  
M. Bronner-Fraser
Keyword(s):  
Neural Crest ◽  
Cell Attachment ◽  
Divalent Cations ◽  
Neural Crest Cell ◽  
Neural Crest Cells ◽  
Cell Interaction ◽  
Cell Binding ◽  
Cell Adherence ◽  
Beta 1 Integrin ◽  
Crest Cell

The mechanisms of neural crest cell interaction with laminin were explored using a quantitative cell attachment assay. With increasing substratum concentrations, an increasing percentage of neural crest cells adhere to laminin. Cell adhesion at all substratum concentrations was inhibited by the CSAT antibody, which recognizes the chick beta 1 subunit of integrin, suggesting that beta 1-integrins mediate neural crest cell interactions with laminin. The HNK-1 antibody, which recognizes a carbohydrate epitope, inhibited neural crest cell attachment to laminin at low coating concentrations (greater than 1 microgram ml-1; Low-LM), but not at high coating concentration of laminin (10 micrograms ml-1; High-LM). Attachment to Low-LM occurred in the absence of divalent cations, whereas attachment to High-LM required greater than 0.1 mM Ca2+ or Mn2+. Neural crest cell adherence to the E8 fragment of laminin, derived from its long arm, was similar to that on intact laminin at high and low coating concentrations, suggesting that this fragment contains the neural crest cell binding site(s). The HNK-1 antibody recognizes a protein of 165,000 Mr which is also found in immunoprecipitates using antibodies against the beta 1 subunit of integrin and is likely to be an integrin alpha subunit or an integrin-associated protein. Our results suggest that the HNK-1 epitope on neural crest cells is present on or associated with a novel or differentially glycosylated form of beta 1-integrin, which recognizes laminin in the apparent absence of divalent cations. We conclude that neural crest cells have at least two functionally independent means of attachment to laminin which are revealed at different substratum concentrations and/or conformations of laminin.

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