Lateral inhibition and cell fate during neurogenesis in Drosophila: the interactions between scute, Notch and Delta

Development ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 110 (1) ◽  
pp. 733-742 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.V. Cabrera
Keyword(s):  
Transcriptional Regulation ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Cell Fate ◽  
Lateral Inhibition ◽  
Early Embryo ◽  
Causal Factors ◽  
Post Transcriptional Regulation

A comparison of the patterns of expression of AS-C (T3) RNA and protein suggests that an important level of regulation occurs post-transcriptionally. First, when the RNA is abundant in the early embryo the protein is barely detectable. Later, the protein starts to accumulate in only a subset of the nuclei of those cells expressing the RNA. Only the cells in the subsets become the neuroblasts. This post-transcriptional regulation is suppressed in embryos mutant for the genes Notch and Delta; where all cells expressing RNA accumulate protein. These findings suggest that deployment of T3 protein expression is one of the causal factors that assigns specific fates to the neuroblasts and, in consequence, a basis for the mechanism of lateral inhibition is proposed.

Lateral inhibition and cell fate during neurogenesis in Drosophila: the interactions between scute, Notch and Delta

Development ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 109 (3) ◽  
pp. 733-742 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.V. Cabrera
Keyword(s):  
Transcriptional Regulation ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Cell Fate ◽  
Lateral Inhibition ◽  
Early Embryo ◽  
Causal Factors ◽  
Post Transcriptional Regulation

A comparison of the patterns of expression of AS-C (T3) RNA and protein suggests that an important level of regulation occurs post- transcriptionally. First, when the RNA is abundant in the early embryo the protein is barely detectable. Later, the protein starts to accumulate in only a subset of the nuclei of those cells expressing the RNA. Only the cells in the subsets become the neuroblasts. This post- transcriptional regulation is suppressed in embryos mutant for the genes Notch and Delta; where all cells expressing RNA accumulate protein. These findings suggest that deployment of T3 protein expression is one of the causal factors that assigns specific fates to the neuroblasts and, in consequence, a basis for the mechanism of lateral inhibition is proposed.

Post-transcriptional regulation in hematopoiesis: RNA binding proteins take control

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura P.M.H. de Rooij ◽  
Derek C.H. Chan ◽  
Ava Keyvani Chahi ◽  
Kristin J. Hope
Keyword(s):  
Transcriptional Regulation ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Fate ◽  
Binding Proteins ◽  
Rna Binding ◽  
Rna Binding Proteins ◽  
Control Of Gene Expression ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Cell Fate Decisions ◽  
Post Transcriptional Regulation

Normal hematopoiesis is sustained through a carefully orchestrated balance between hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) self-renewal and differentiation. The functional importance of this axis is underscored by the severity of disease phenotypes initiated by abnormal HSC function, including myelodysplastic syndromes and hematopoietic malignancies. Major advances in the understanding of transcriptional regulation of primitive hematopoietic cells have been achieved; however, the post-transcriptional regulatory layer that may impinge on their behavior remains underexplored by comparison. Key players at this level include RNA-binding proteins (RBPs), which execute precise and highly coordinated control of gene expression through modulation of RNA properties that include its splicing, polyadenylation, localization, degradation, or translation. With the recent identification of RBPs having essential roles in regulating proliferation and cell fate decisions in other systems, there has been an increasing appreciation of the importance of post-transcriptional control at the stem cell level. Here we discuss our current understanding of RBP-driven post-transcriptional regulation in HSCs, its implications for normal, perturbed, and malignant hematopoiesis, and the most recent technological innovations aimed at RBP–RNA network characterization at the systems level. Emerging evidence highlights RBP-driven control as an underappreciated feature of primitive hematopoiesis, the greater understanding of which has important clinical implications.

scholarly journals Post-transcriptional regulation of FUS and EWS protein expression by miR-141 during neural differentiation

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (14) ◽  
pp. 2732-2746 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Svetoni ◽  
Elisa De Paola ◽  
Piergiorgio La Rosa ◽  
Neri Mercatelli ◽  
Daniela Caporossi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcriptional Regulation ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Neural Differentiation ◽  
Post Transcriptional Regulation

fushi tarazu protein expression in the cellular blastoderm of Drosophila detected using a novel imaging technique

Development ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 106 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.L. Karr ◽  
T.B. Kornberg
Keyword(s):  
Transcriptional Regulation ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Transcriptional Control ◽  
Imaging Technique ◽  
Drosophila Embryo ◽  
Immunoperoxidase Technique ◽  
Fushi Tarazu ◽  
Post Transcriptional Regulation ◽  
Blastoderm Stage ◽  
Anterior Posterior

The fushi tarazu (ftz) gene is essential for segmentation of the Drosophila embryo. This requirement is reflected at the cellular blastoderm stage of embryogenesis by seven transverse stripes of ftz expression. These stripes correspond to the missing segments of ftz mutant embryos. We describe here novel intermediate patterns of ftz protein expression which were detected in younger embryos by using anti-ftz antibodies and a sensitive fluorescence/immunoperoxidase technique (‘filtered fluorescence imaging’, FFI). Striped patterns of ftz protein evolved continuously, and the different stripes appeared in an ordered sequence, involving both anterior-posterior (A/P) and dorsal-ventral (D/V) progressions. Comparison of these patterns of ftz protein with those of ftz RNA suggests that these novel aspects of the patterning process involve post-transcriptional regulation in addition to the transcriptional control known to be involved in expression of this gene.

scholarly journals The Regulation and Functions of Endogenous Retrovirus in Embryo Development and Stem Cell Differentiation

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Yangquan Xiang ◽  
Hongqing Liang
Keyword(s):  
Transcriptional Regulation ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
Cell Fate ◽  
Embryo Development ◽  
Repetitive Sequences ◽  
Stem Cell Differentiation ◽  
Endogenous Retrovirus ◽  
Early Embryo ◽  
Endogenous Retroviruses

Endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) are repetitive sequences in the genome, belonging to the retrotransposon family. During the course of life, ERVs are associated with multiple aspects of chromatin and transcriptional regulation in development and pathological conditions. In mammalian embryos, ERVs are extensively activated in early embryo development, but with a highly restricted spatial-temporal pattern; and they are drastically silenced during differentiation with exceptions in extraembryonic tissue and germlines. The dynamic activation pattern of ERVs raises questions about how ERVs are regulated in the life cycle and whether they are functionally important to cell fate decision during early embryo and somatic cell development. Therefore, in this review, we focus on the pieces of evidence demonstrating regulations and functions of ERVs during stem cell differentiation, which suggests that ERV activation is not a passive result of cell fate transition but the active epigenetic and transcriptional regulation during mammalian development and stem cell differentiation.

scholarly journals Application of Domain- and Genotype-Specific Models to Infer Post-Transcriptional Regulation of Segmentation Gene Expression in Drosophila

Life ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1232
Author(s):  
Maria A. Duk ◽  
Vitaly V. Gursky ◽  
Maria G. Samsonova ◽  
Svetlana Yu. Surkova
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Transcriptional Regulation ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Drosophila Embryo ◽  
Synthesis Rate ◽  
Protein Synthesis Rate ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Segmentation Gene ◽  
Segmentation Gene Expression ◽  
Post Transcriptional Regulation

Unlike transcriptional regulation, the post-transcriptional mechanisms underlying zygotic segmentation gene expression in early Drosophila embryo have been insufficiently investigated. Condition-specific post-transcriptional regulation plays an important role in the development of many organisms. Our recent study revealed the domain- and genotype-specific differences between mRNA and the protein expression of Drosophila hb, gt, and eve genes in cleavage cycle 14A. Here, we use this dataset and the dynamic mathematical model to recapitulate protein expression from the corresponding mRNA patterns. The condition-specific nonuniformity in parameter values is further interpreted in terms of possible post-transcriptional modifications. For hb expression in wild-type embryos, our results predict the position-specific differences in protein production. The protein synthesis rate parameter is significantly higher in hb anterior domain compared to the posterior domain. The parameter sets describing Gt protein dynamics in wild-type embryos and Kr mutants are genotype-specific. The spatial discrepancy between gt mRNA and protein posterior expression in Kr mutants is well reproduced by the whole axis model, thus rejecting the involvement of post-transcriptional mechanisms. Our models fail to describe the full dynamics of eve expression, presumably due to its complex shape and the variable time delays between mRNA and protein patterns, which likely require a more complex model. Overall, our modeling approach enables the prediction of regulatory scenarios underlying the condition-specific differences between mRNA and protein expression in early embryo.

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