The Embryology of Dacus tryoni 2. Development of lmaginal Discs in the Embryo

Development ◽  
1963 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 339-351
Author(s):  
D. T. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Imaginal Discs ◽  
Early Embryo ◽  
Serial Sections ◽  
Early Larva ◽  
Developmental Relationship ◽  
Late Embryo

The cephalic, labial, wing, haltere, leg and genital imaginal discs of Cyclorrhapha are histologically distinct in the late embryo or early larva (Weismann, 1864; Pratt, 1900; Auerbach, 1936; Kaliss, 1939; Poulson, 1950). Experimental investigation of Drosophila melanogaster further suggests that the determined rudiments of the discs are present in the blastoderm of the early embryo (e.g. Geigy, 1932; Howland and Child, 1935; Howland, 1941; Gloor, 1947). Almost no attempt has been made, however, to describe the embryonic origins of the discs or to follow their development before hatching. Investigation of this matter in Dacus tryoni (Frogg) (Diptera, Trypetidae) has clarified the developmental relationship between the cyclorrhaphan larva and adult. The origin and development of imaginal discs in the embryo of D. tryoni was followed from serial sections prepared in connection with a previous paper (Anderson, 1962). Living embryos were also further examined by the method given in that account.

The embryology of Dacus tryoni (Diptera). 3. Origins of imaginal rudiments other than the principal discs

Development ◽  
1964 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-75
Author(s):  
D. T. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Imaginal Discs ◽  
Serial Sections ◽  
Tracheal System ◽  
Cerebral Ganglia ◽  
Developmental Relationship ◽  
Hind Gut

In addition to the principal imaginal discs (cephalic, labial, wing, haltere, leg and genital), the larva in Cyclorrhapha carries as discrete components the rudiments of the imaginal segmental abdominal hypodermis, salivary glands, fore-, mid- and hind-gut, lateral cerebral ganglia and segmental tracheal system (Snodgrass, 1924; Bodenstein, 1950; Shatoury, 1956b; Anderson, 1964, etc.). The embryonic origins of these rudiments have never been firmly established. The present paper describes their origins in the embryo and larva of Dacus tryoni (Frogg.) (Trypetidae), taking a further step in the elucidation of the developmental relationship between the cyclorrhaphan larva and adult. Material and Methods The embryonic origins of the rudiments in question were traced in serial sections of embryos and larvae prepared by the methods described by Anderson (1962a, 1963b). The reader is referred to these papers for details of the methods employed.

scholarly journals Imaginal discs regulate developmental timing in Drosophila melanogaster

2008 ◽  
Vol 321 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bradley C. Stieper ◽  
Mania Kupershtok ◽  
Michael V. Driscoll ◽  
Alexander W. Shingleton
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Imaginal Discs ◽  
Developmental Timing

Morphological and molecular modifications induced by heat shock in Drosophila melanogaster embryos

Development ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 167-182
Author(s):  
Giorgio Graziosi ◽  
Franco de Cristini ◽  
Angelo di Marcotullio ◽  
Roberto Marzari ◽  
Fulvio Micali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Heat Shock ◽  
Dna Synthesis ◽  
Histological Analysis ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Early Embryo ◽  
Direct Relation ◽  
Hsp 70 ◽  
Survival Pattern ◽  
Shock Proteins

The early embryo of Drosophila melanogaster did not survive treatment at 37 °C (heat shock) for 25 min. The histological analysis of eggs treated in this way showed that the heat shock caused disintegration of nuclei and of cytoplasmic islands, displacement and swelling of nuclei and blocked mitoses. These effects were not observed in embryos treatedafter blastoderm formation. After this stage, we noticed that development was slowed down. The heat shock proteins (hsp 83,70 and 68) were, under shock, synthesized at all developmental stages. There was little or no synthesis of hsp 70 and 68 in unfertilized eggs, but synthesis increased in proportion to the number of nuclei present. Most probably, hsp 70 synthesis was directed by zygotic mRNA. DNA synthesis was not blocked by the heat shock though the overall incorporation of [3H]thymidine was substantially reduced, presumably because of the block of mitoses. We did not find a direct relation between survival pattern and hsp synthesis. We concluded that some, at least, of the heat shock genes can be activated at all developmental stages and that heat shock could be used for synchronizing mitoses.

scholarly journals Gene-environment interactions of the eye-gone mutant in Drosophila melanogaster and a comparison with eyeless

1969 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 313-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
David M. Hunt
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Genetic Background ◽  
Eye Development ◽  
Deficient Diet ◽  
Developmental Relationship ◽  
Gene Environment ◽  
Mutant Genes

A comparison of the gene-environment interactions of the eyg mutant in two different genetic backgrounds clearly demonstrates that the properties of the genetic background play a major role in the control of the gene-environment interactions of this mutant. Similarly, modifier background is important in the determination of the sensitive stages in eye development to a cholesterol-deficient diet.The phenotypic identity of the eyeless and eye-gone mutants suggests a close underlying metabolic and developmental relationship. Possible inter-relations of these two mutant genes are discussed in the light of their gene-environment interactions in a standardized genotype.

scholarly journals Direct cell lineage analysis in Drosophila melanogaster by time-lapse, three-dimensional optical microscopy of living embryos.

1989 ◽  
Vol 109 (2) ◽  
pp. 505-516 ◽  
Author(s):  
J S Minden ◽  
D A Agard ◽  
J W Sedat ◽  
B M Alberts
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cell Lineage ◽  
Time Lapse ◽  
Small Region ◽  
Early Embryo ◽  
Nuclear Cycle ◽  
Cell Position ◽  
History Of ◽  
Direct Cell

One of the first signs of cell differentiation in the Drosophila melanogaster embryo occurs 3 h after fertilization, when discrete groups of cells enter their fourteenth mitosis in a spatially and temporally patterned manner creating mitotic domains (Foe, V. E. and G. M. Odell, 1989, Am. Zool. 29:617-652). To determine whether cell residency in a mitotic domain is determined solely by cell position in this early embryo, or whether cell lineage also has a role, we have developed a technique for directly analyzing the behavior of nuclei in living embryos. By microinjecting fluorescently labeled histones into the syncytial embryo, the movements and divisions of each nucleus were recorded without perturbing development by using a microscope equipped with a high resolution, charge-coupled device. Two types of developmental maps were generated from three-dimensional time-lapse recordings: one traced the lineage history of each nucleus from nuclear cycle 11 through nuclear cycle 14 in a small region of the embryo; the other recorded nuclear fate according to the timing and pattern of the 14th nuclear division. By comparing these lineage and fate maps for two embryos, we conclude that, at least for the examined area, the pattern of mitotic domain formation in Drosophila is determined by the position of each cell, with no effect of cell lineage.

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