Pollen-specific gene expression in transgenic plants: coordinate regulation of two different tomato gene promoters during microsporogenesis

Development ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 109 (3) ◽  
pp. 705-713 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Twell ◽  
J. Yamaguchi ◽  
S. McCormick
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Promoter Region ◽  
Male Gametophyte ◽  
Regulation Of Gene Expression ◽  
Gus Activity ◽  
Transgenic Tomato ◽  
Specific Gene ◽  
Gene Promoters ◽  
Specific Expression ◽  
Specific Gene Expression

To investigate the regulation of gene expression during male gametophyte development, we analyzed the promoter activity of two different genes (LAT52 and LAT59) from tomato, isolated on the basis of their anther-specific expression. In transgenic tomato, tobacco and Arabidopsis plants containing the LAT52 promoter region fused to the beta-glucuronidase (GUS) gene, GUS activity was restricted to pollen. Transgenic tomato, tobacco and Arabidopsis plants containing the LAT59 promoter region fused to GUS also showed very high levels of GUS activity in pollen. However, low levels of expression of the LAT59 promoter construct were also detected in seeds and roots. With both constructs, the appearance of GUS activity in developing anthers was correlated with the onset of microspore mitosis and increased progressively until anthesis (pollen shed). Our results demonstrate co-ordinate regulation of the LAT52 and LAT59 promoters in developing microspores and suggest that the mechanisms that regulate pollen-specific gene expression are evolutionarily conserved.

Stage-specific expression of a developmentally regulated gene in Dirofilaria immitis

1992 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Sun ◽  
T. Matsuura ◽  
K. Sugane
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Cdna Clone ◽  
Dirofilaria Immitis ◽  
Mrna Level ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Specific Gene ◽  
Developmentally Regulated ◽  
Specific Expression ◽  
Specific Gene Expression

ABSTRACTA previously reported cDNA clone encoding 34 kDa antigenic polypeptide of Dirofilaria immitis (λ cD34) was studied to elucidate the mechanism of stage-specific gene expression. The 34 kDa polypeptide was a larva-specific antigen and the mRNA was detectable in microfilariae but not in adult worms and eggs. The λ cD34 gene was not sex linked and was contained in the genome of D. immitis at each stage. The stage-specific expression of the developmentally regulated gene in D. immitis may be controlled primarily at the mRNA level.

scholarly journals Predicting tissue-specific gene expression from whole blood transcriptome

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahashweta Basu ◽  
Kun Wang ◽  
Eytan Ruppin ◽  
Sridhar Hannenhalli
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Specific Gene ◽  
Specific Expression ◽  
Tissue Specific ◽  
Complex Disorders ◽  
Tissue Specific Gene ◽  
Tissue Specific Expression ◽  
Specific Gene Expression ◽  
Blood Transcriptome

AbstractComplex diseases are systemic, largely mediated via transcriptional dysregulation in multiple tissues. Thus, knowledge of tissue-specific transcriptome in an individual can provide important information about an individual’s health. Unfortunately, with a few exceptions such as blood, skin, and muscle, an individual’s tissue-specific transcriptome is not accessible through non-invasive means. However, due to shared genetics and regulatory programs between tissues, the transcriptome in blood may be predictive of those in other tissues, at least to some extent. Here, based on GTEx data, we address this question in a rigorous, systematic manner, for the first time. We find that an individual’s whole blood gene expression and splicing profile can predict tissue-specific expression levels in a significant manner (beyond demographic variables) for many genes. On average, across 32 tissues, the expression of about 60% of the genes is predictable from blood expression in a significant manner, with a maximum of 81% of the genes for the musculoskeletal tissue. Remarkably, the tissue-specific expression inferred from the blood transcriptome is almost as good as the actual measured tissue expression in predicting disease state for six different complex disorders, including Hypertension and Type 2 diabetes, substantially surpassing predictors built directly from the blood transcriptome. The code for our pipeline for tissue-specific gene expression prediction – TEEBoT, is provided, enabling others to study its potential translational value in other indications.

scholarly journals Hypoxia-directed tumor targeting of CRISPR/Cas9 and HSV-TK suicide gene therapy using lipid nanoparticles

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alicia Davis ◽  
Kevin V. Morris ◽  
Galina Shevchenko
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Hypoxia Inducible Factor ◽  
Suicide Gene ◽  
Lipid Nanoparticles ◽  
Specific Gene ◽  
Specific Expression ◽  
Specific Gene Expression

AbstractHypoxia is a characteristic feature of solid tumors that contributes to tumor aggressiveness and is associated with resistance to cancer therapy. The hypoxia inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) transcription factor complex mediates hypoxia-specific gene expression by binding to hypoxia responsive element (HRE) sequences within the promoter of target genes. HRE driven expression of therapeutic cargo has been widely explored as a strategy to achieve cancer-specific gene expression. By utilizing this system, we achieve hypoxia-specific expression of two therapeutically relevant cargo elements: the Herpes Simplex Virus thymidine kinase (HSV-tk) suicide gene and the CRISPR/Cas9 nuclease. Using an expression vector containing five copies of the HRE derived from the vascular endothelial growth factor gene, we are able to show high transgene expression in cells in a hypoxic environment, similar to levels achieved using the CMV and CBh promoters. Furthermore, we are able to deliver our therapeutic cargo to tumor cells with high efficiency using plasmid packaged lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) to achieve specific killing of tumor cells in hypoxic conditions, while maintaining tight regulation with no significant changes to cell viability in normoxia.

scholarly journals Activated Liver X Receptors Stimulate Adipocyte Differentiation through Induction of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor γ Expression

2004 ◽  
Vol 24 (8) ◽  
pp. 3430-3444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jong Bae Seo ◽  
Hyang Mi Moon ◽  
Woo Sik Kim ◽  
Yun Sok Lee ◽  
Hyun Woo Jeong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Target Gene ◽  
Adipocyte Differentiation ◽  
Specific Gene ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
Liver X Receptors ◽  
Gene Promoters ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor ◽  
Specific Gene Expression ◽  
X Receptors

ABSTRACT Liver X receptors (LXRs) are nuclear hormone receptors that regulate cholesterol and fatty acid metabolism in liver tissue and in macrophages. Although LXR activation enhances lipogenesis, it is not well understood whether LXRs are involved in adipocyte differentiation. Here, we show that LXR activation stimulated the execution of adipogenesis, as determined by lipid droplet accumulation and adipocyte-specific gene expression in vivo and in vitro. In adipocytes, LXR activation with T0901317 primarily enhanced the expression of lipogenic genes such as the ADD1/SREBP1c and FAS genes and substantially increased the expression of the adipocyte-specific genes encoding PPARγ (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ) and aP2. Administration of the LXR agonist T0901317 to lean mice promoted the expression of most lipogenic and adipogenic genes in fat and liver tissues. It is of interest that the PPARγ gene is a novel target gene of LXR, since the PPARγ promoter contains the conserved binding site of LXR and was transactivated by the expression of LXRα. Moreover, activated LXRα exhibited an increase of DNA binding to its target gene promoters, such as ADD1/SREBP1c and PPARγ, which appeared to be closely associated with hyperacetylation of histone H3 in the promoter regions of those genes. Furthermore, the suppression of LXRα by small interfering RNA attenuated adipocyte differentiation. Taken together, these results suggest that LXR plays a role in the execution of adipocyte differentiation by regulation of lipogenesis and adipocyte-specific gene expression.

scholarly journals Chromatin regulation in drug addiction and depression

2009 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-268 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Drug Addiction ◽  
Chromatin Structure ◽  
Drugs Of Abuse ◽  
Regulation Of Gene Expression ◽  
Specific Gene ◽  
Gene Promoters ◽  
Epigenetic Mechanisms ◽  
Bioinformatic Approaches

Alterations in gene expression are implicated in the pathogenesis of several neuropsychiatric disorders, including drug addiction and depression. Increasing evidence indicates that changes in gene expression in neurons, in the context of animal models of addiction and depression, are mediated in part by epigenetic mechanisms that alter chromatin structure on specific gene promoters. This review discusses recent findings from behavioral, molecular, and bioinformatic approaches that are being used to understand the complex epigenetic regulation of gene expression in brain by drugs of abuse and by stress. These advances promise to open up new avenues for improved treatments of these disorders.

Melanocyte-specific gene expression: role of repression and identification of a melanocyte-specific factor, MSF

1994 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 3494-3503
Author(s):  
U Yavuzer ◽  
C R Goding
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Mutational Analysis ◽  
Site Directed Mutagenesis ◽  
Specific Factor ◽  
Specific Gene ◽  
Binding Motif ◽  
Specific Expression ◽  
Tissue Specific ◽  
Specific Gene Expression

For a gene to be transcribed in a tissue-specific fashion, expression must be achieved in the appropriate cell type and also be prevented in other tissues. As an approach to understanding the regulation of tissue-specific gene expression, we have analyzed the requirements for melanocyte-specific expression of the tyrosinase-related protein 1 (TRP-1) promoter. Positive regulation of TRP-1 expression is mediated by both an octamer-binding motif and an 11-bp element, termed the M box, which is conserved between the TRP-1 and other melanocyte-specific promoters. We show here that, consistent with its ability to activate transcription in a non-tissue-specific fashion, the M box binds the basic-helix-loop-helix factor USF in vitro. With the use of a combination of site-directed mutagenesis and chimeric promoter constructs, additional elements involved in regulating TRP-1 expression were identified. These include the TATA region, which appears to contribute to the melanocyte specificity of the TRP-1 promoter. Mutational analysis also identified two repressor elements, one at the start site, the other located at -240, which function both in melanoma and nonmelanoma cells. In addition, a melanocyte-specific factor, MSF, binds to sites which overlap both repressor elements, with substitution mutations demonstrating that binding by MSF is not required for repression. Although a functional role for MSF has not been unequivocally determined, the location of its binding sites leads us to speculate that it may act as a melanocyte-specific antirepressor during transcription of the endogenous TRP-1 gene.

Distinct patterns of histone modifications at cardiac-specific gene promoters between cardiac stem cells and mesenchymal stem cells

2013 ◽  
Vol 304 (11) ◽  
pp. C1080-C1090 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meijing Wang ◽  
Qing Yu ◽  
Lina Wang ◽  
Hongmei Gu
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Histone Acetylation ◽  
Histone Modifications ◽  
Specific Gene ◽  
Cardiac Stem Cells ◽  
Gene Promoters ◽  
Promoter Regions ◽  
Specific Gene Expression

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and cardiac stem cells (CSCs) possess different potential to develop into cardiomyocytes. The mechanism underlying cardiomyogenic capacity of MSCs and CSCs remains elusive. It is well established that histone modifications correlate with gene expression and contribute to cell fate commitment. Here we hypothesize that specific histone modifications accompany cardiac-specific gene expression, thus determining the differentiation capacity of MSCs and CSCs toward heart cells. Our results indicate that, at the promoter regions of cardiac-specific genes ( Myh6, Myl2, Actc1, Tnni3, and Tnnt2), the levels of histone acetylation of H3 (acH3) and H4 (acH4), as a mark indicative of gene activation, were higher in CSCs (Sca-1+CD29+) than MSCs. Additionally, lower binding levels of histone deacetylase (HDAC) 1 and HDAC2 at promoter regions of cardiac-specific genes were noticed in CSCs than MSCs. Treatment with trichostatin A, an HDAC inhibitor, upregulated cardiac-specific gene expression in MSCs. Suppression of HDAC1 or HDAC2 expression by small interfering RNAs led to increased cardiac gene expression and was accompanied by enhanced acH3 and acH4 levels at gene loci. We conclude that greater levels of histone acetylation at cardiac-specific gene loci in CSCs than MSCs reflect a stronger potential for CSCs to develop into cardiomyocytes. These lineage-differential histone modifications are likely due to less HDAC recruitment at cardiac-specific gene promoters in CSCs than MSCs.

Influence of epigenetic changes during oocyte growth on nuclear reprogramming after nuclear transfer

1998 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 593 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomohiro Kono
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Genomic Imprinting ◽  
Epigenetic Mechanism ◽  
Specific Gene ◽  
Paternal Genome ◽  
Specific Expression ◽  
Oocyte Growth ◽  
Specific Gene Expression ◽  
Mammalian Embryos ◽  
Allele Specific

Genomic imprinting is the epigenetic mechanism that distinguishes whether the loci that are inherited from the maternal or paternal genome lead to parent-specific gene expression. The mechanism also regulates development in mammalian embryos. Genomic imprinting is established after implantation according to the specific markers that are imposed on the genome during gametogenesis; the allele-specific gene expression is then maintained throughout embryogenesis. The genomic imprinting markers are erased and renewed on an own-sex basis only in cells that differentiate into germline cells. This report shows that the epigenetic modifications that occur during oogenesis perform the crucial function of establishing the allele-specific expression of imprinted genes, and also suggests that the epigenetic DNA modification is related to the reprogramming and aberrant development seen in manipulated embryos.

scholarly journals Interaction of Ets-1 and the POU-homeodomain protein GHF-1/Pit-1 reconstitutes pituitary-specific gene expression.

1997 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 1065-1074 ◽  
Author(s):  
A P Bradford ◽  
C Wasylyk ◽  
B Wasylyk ◽  
A Gutierrez-Hartmann
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Specific Protein ◽  
Protein Domain ◽  
Specific Gene ◽  
Homeodomain Protein ◽  
Specific Expression ◽  
Specific Gene Expression ◽  
Cis Element ◽  
Alternatively Spliced ◽  
Combinatorial Interactions

The pituitary-specific, POU-homeodomain factor GHF-1/Pit-1 is necessary, but not sufficient, for cell-specific expression of prolactin (PRL), growth hormone (GH), and thyrotropin. Combinatorial interactions of GHF-1 with other factors are likely to be required; however, such factors and their mechanisms of action remain to be elucidated. Here we identify Ets-1 as a factor that functionally and physically interacts with GHF-1 to fully reconstitute proximal PRL promoter activity. In contrast, Ets-2 has no effect, and the alternatively spliced GHF-2/Pit-1beta variant fails to synergize with Ets-1. The Ets-1-GHF-1 synergy requires a composite Ets-1-GHF-1 cis element and is dependent on an Ets-1-specific protein domain. Furthermore, the ancestrally related and GHF-1-dependent GH promoter, which lacks this composite element, does not exhibit this response. Finally, Ets-1, but not Ets-2, binds directly to GHF-1 and GHF-2. These data show that a functional interaction of GHF-1 and Ets-1, acting via a composite DNA element, is required to establish lactotroph-specific PRL gene expression, thus providing a molecular mechanism by which GHF-1 can discriminate between the GH and PRL genes. These results underscore the importance of transcription factors that are distinct from, but interact with, homeobox proteins to establish lineage-specific gene expression.

Proximal promoter region of the wheat histone H3 gene confers S phase-specific gene expression in transformed rice cells

1993 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 553-565 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norihiro Ohtsubo ◽  
Takuya Nakayama ◽  
Rie Terada ◽  
Ko Shimamoto ◽  
Masaki Iwabuchi
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Promoter Region ◽  
Histone H3 ◽  
S Phase ◽  
Proximal Promoter ◽  
Specific Gene ◽  
Proximal Promoter Region ◽  
Specific Gene Expression ◽  
Histone H3 Gene
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document