The monoclonal antibody 69A1 recognizes an epitope found on neurones with axons that fasciculate but not on those with non-fasciculating processes

Development ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 100 (3) ◽  
pp. 489-500
Author(s):  
R. Pigott ◽  
A.M. Davies
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Monoclonal Antibody ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Peripheral Nervous System ◽  
Nerve Fibre ◽  
Surface Antigen ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Fibre Bundles ◽  
Type Distribution

We have previously reported that the cell-type distribution and pattern of expression of the surface antigen recognized by the monoclonal antibody 69A1, suggests that it may be involved during the period of nerve fibre outgrowth and the formation of fibre bundles in the rat (Pigott & Kelly, 1986). In this current study, we have examined the expression of the epitope recognized by antibody 69A1 in regions of the rat central nervous system in which it is possible to distinguish between neurones with axons that fasciculate to form clearly defined fibre tracts and neurones with non-fasciculating processes. We have also examined antibody 69A1 labelling in several regions of the peripheral nervous system. We report that the 69A1 epitope is expressed on neurones with axons that fasciculate but is not found on neurones with short, non-fasciculating axons or on neurones without a morphologically identifiable axon. The antigen 69A1 has been purified and shown to be immunochemically closely related or identical to the L1 antigen.

scholarly journals THE FORMATION AND STRUCTURE OF MYELIN SHEATHS IN THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM

1960 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 431-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Peters
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Xenopus Laevis ◽  
Peripheral Nervous System ◽  
Nerve Fibre ◽  
Potassium Permanganate ◽  
Myelin Sheaths ◽  
A Cell ◽  
The Central Nervous System

The development and structure of myelin sheaths have been studied in the optic nerves of rats and of Xenopus laevis tadpoles. Both potassium permanganate- and osmium-fixed material was examined with the electron microscope. In the first stage of myelinogenesis the nerve fibre is surrounded by a cell process which envelops it and forms a mesaxon. The mesaxon then elongates into a loose spiral from which the cytoplasm is later excluded, so that compact myelin is formed. This process is similar to myelinogenesis in the peripheral nervous system, although in central fibres the cytoplasm on the outside of the myelin is confined in a tongue-like process to a fraction of the circumference, leaving the remainder of the sheath uncovered, so that contacts are possible between adjacent myelin sheaths. The structure of nodes in the central nervous system has been described and it is suggested that the oligodendrocytes may be the myelin-forming cells.

Glucuronyl 3-sulfate occurs exclusively on distal unmyelinated terminals of selected sensory neurons in the peripheral nervous system

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 958-959
Author(s):  
S.S. Spicer ◽  
B.A. Schulte
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Cerebral Cortex ◽  
Peripheral Nervous System ◽  
Sensory Neurons ◽  
Sensory Nerves ◽  
Tissue Antigens ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Leu 7

Generation of monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against tissue antigens has yielded several (VC1.1, HNK- 1, L2, 4F4 and anti-leu 7) which recognize the unique sugar epitope, glucuronyl 3-sulfate (Glc A3- SO4). In the central nervous system, these MAbs have demonstrated Glc A3-SO4 at the surface of neurons in the cerebral cortex, the cerebellum, the retina and other widespread regions of the brain.Here we describe the distribution of Glc A3-SO4 in the peripheral nervous system as determined by immunostaining with a MAb (VC 1.1) developed against antigen in the cat visual cortex. Outside the central nervous system, immunoreactivity was observed only in peripheral terminals of selected sensory nerves conducting transduction signals for touch, hearing, balance and taste. On the glassy membrane of the sinus hair in murine nasal skin, just deep to the ringwurt, VC 1.1 delineated an intensely stained, plaque-like area (Fig. 1). This previously unrecognized structure of the nasal vibrissae presumably serves as a tactile end organ and to our knowledge is not demonstrable by means other than its selective immunopositivity with VC1.1 and its appearance as a densely fibrillar area in H&E stained sections.

scholarly journals Adiponectin Controls Nutrient Availability in Hypothalamic Astrocytes

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 1587
Author(s):  
Nuri Song ◽  
Da Yeon Jeong ◽  
Thai Hien Tu ◽  
Byong Seo Park ◽  
Hye Rim Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Nutrient Availability ◽  
Acid Oxidation ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Metabolic Processes ◽  
Nutrient Metabolism ◽  
Peripheral Tissues ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Adiponectin, an adipose tissue-derived hormone, plays integral roles in lipid and glucose metabolism in peripheral tissues, such as the skeletal muscle, adipose tissue, and liver. Moreover, it has also been shown to have an impact on metabolic processes in the central nervous system. Astrocytes comprise the most abundant cell type in the central nervous system and actively participate in metabolic processes between blood vessels and neurons. However, the ability of adiponectin to control nutrient metabolism in astrocytes has not yet been fully elucidated. In this study, we investigated the effects of adiponectin on multiple metabolic processes in hypothalamic astrocytes. Adiponectin enhanced glucose uptake, glycolytic processes and fatty acid oxidation in cultured primary hypothalamic astrocytes. In line with these findings, we also found that adiponectin treatment effectively enhanced synthesis and release of monocarboxylates. Overall, these data suggested that adiponectin triggers catabolic processes in astrocytes, thereby enhancing nutrient availability in the hypothalamus.

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