scholarly journals The histone acetyltransferases CBP and Chameau integrate developmental and DNA replication programs in Drosophila ovarian follicle cells

Development ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 139 (20) ◽  
pp. 3880-3890 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. H. McConnell ◽  
M. Dixon ◽  
B. R. Calvi
Keyword(s):  
Dna Replication ◽  
Ovarian Follicle ◽  
Histone Acetyltransferases ◽  
Follicle Cells

scholarly journals Epigenetic regulation affects fertility in Drosophila: toward the production of infertile models

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hidetsugu Kohzaki ◽  
Maki Asano ◽  
Yota Murakami ◽  
Alexander Mazo
Keyword(s):  
Dna Replication ◽  
Gene Amplification ◽  
Epigenetic Regulation ◽  
Origin Recognition Complex ◽  
Ovarian Follicle ◽  
Gene Clusters ◽  
Follicle Cells ◽  
Female Sterility ◽  
Ovary Development ◽  
Replication Machinery

AbstractWe have revealed that the chorion gene clusters amplify by repeatedly initiating DNA replication from chorion gene amplification origins in the response to developmental signals, through the transcription factors in Drosophila ovarian follicle cells. Orc1, Orc2, and Cdc6 are forms of DNA replication machinery, which are conserved from yeast to humans; and Orc1 and Orc2 mutants are lethal. Overexpression of Orc1 or Orc2 (subunits of the origin recognition complex) led to female sterility, but overexpression of Cdc6 (an Orc family member) or GFP did not. We propose that DNA replication machinery contributes to development.Recently, we found that H3K4 was trimethylated at chorion gene amplification origins, but not at the Act1 locus. Overexpression of Lsd1H3K4 dimethylase and Lid H3K4 trimethylase are female sterile but not a Lid mutant. These results showed that epigenetic regulation affected fertility. Screening strategies using Drosophila flies could also lead to the development of drugs that reduce sterility and epigenetic effects related histone modification.Summary statementThere are approximately 470,000 infertile individuals in Japan. We knockowned the prereplicative complex components and demethlases during Drosophila ovary development. In these drospohila, we could be the model of infertile.

scholarly journals Drosophila Double parked: a conserved, essential replication protein that colocalizes with the origin recognition complex and links DNA replication with mitosis and the down-regulation of S phase transcripts

2000 ◽  
Vol 14 (14) ◽  
pp. 1765-1776 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allyson J. Whittaker ◽  
Irena Royzman ◽  
Terry L. Orr-Weaver
Keyword(s):  
Dna Replication ◽  
Origin Recognition Complex ◽  
Ovarian Follicle ◽  
S Phase ◽  
Follicle Cells ◽  
Replication Proteins ◽  
Direct Role ◽  
New Family ◽  
Adult Ovary ◽  
Origin Recognition

We identified a Drosophila gene, double parked(dup), that is essential for DNA replication and belongs to a new family of replication proteins conserved fromSchizosaccharomyces pombe to humans. Strong mutations indup cause embryonic lethality, preceded by a failure to undergo S phase during the postblastoderm divisions. dup is required also for DNA replication in the adult ovary, establishing thatdup is needed for DNA replication at multiple stages of development. Strikingly, DUP protein colocalizes with the origin recognition complex to specific sites in the ovarian follicle cells. This suggests that DUP plays a direct role in DNA replication. Thedup transcript is cell cycle regulated and is under the control of E2F and Cyclin E. Interestingly, dup mutant embryos fail both to downregulate S phase genes and to engage a checkpoint preventing mitosis until completion of S phase. This could be either because these events depend on progression of S phase beyond the point blocked in the dup mutants or because DUP is needed directly for these feedback mechanisms.

scholarly journals Drosophila E2f2 promotes the conversion from genomic DNA replication to gene amplification in ovarian follicle cells

Development ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 128 (24) ◽  
pp. 5085-5098 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pelin Cayirlioglu ◽  
Peter C. Bonnette ◽  
M. Ryan Dickson ◽  
Robert J. Duronio
Keyword(s):  
Dna Replication ◽  
Dna Synthesis ◽  
Gene Amplification ◽  
Genomic Dna ◽  
Essential Gene ◽  
Ovarian Follicle ◽  
Follicle Cell ◽  
Follicle Cells ◽  
Female Sterility ◽  
Wild Type

Drosophila contains two members of the E2F transcription factor family (E2f and E2f2), which controls the expression of genes that regulate the G1-S transition of the cell cycle. Previous genetic analyses have indicated that E2f is an essential gene that stimulates DNA replication. We show that loss of E2f2 is viable, but causes partial female sterility associated with changes in the mode of DNA replication in the follicle cells that surround the developing oocyte. Late in wild-type oogenesis, polyploid follicle cells terminate a program of asynchronous endocycles in which the euchromatin is entirely replicated, and then confine DNA synthesis to the synchronous amplification of specific loci, including two clusters of chorion genes that encode eggshell proteins. E2f2 mutant follicle cells terminate endocycles on schedule, but then fail to confine DNA synthesis to sites of gene amplification and inappropriately begin genomic DNA replication. This ectopic DNA synthesis does not represent a continuation of the endocycle program, as the cells do not complete an entire additional S phase. E2f2 mutant females display a 50% reduction in chorion gene amplification, and lay poorly viable eggs with a defective chorion. The replication proteins ORC2, CDC45L and ORC5, which in wild-type follicle cell nuclei localize to sites of gene amplification, are distributed throughout the entire follicle cell nucleus in E2f2 mutants, consistent with their use at many genomic replication origins rather than only at sites of gene amplification. RT-PCR analyses of RNA purified from E2f2 mutant follicle cells indicate an increase in the level of Orc5 mRNA relative to wild type. These data indicate that E2f2 functions to inhibit widespread genomic DNA synthesis in late stage follicle cells, and may do so by repressing the expression of specific components of the replication machinery.

Drosophila chorion gene amplification: a model system for the study of chromosome replication

1984 ◽  
Vol 307 (1132) ◽  
pp. 239-245
Keyword(s):  
Dna Replication ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Ovarian Follicle ◽  
Model System ◽  
P Element ◽  
Follicle Cells ◽  
Tissue Specific ◽  
Chorion Genes ◽  
Specific Amplification

Two chromosomal domains of 80-100 kilobases containing Drosophila chorion genes undergo tissue-specific amplification in ovarian follicle cells during oogenesis. We have investigated the ability of small segments of DNA from within these regions to induce amplification after insertion into new chromosomal sites by P element-mediated transformation. Certain transduced chorion DNA sequences initiated a pattern of tissue-specific differential replication that was identical to norm al chorion amplification. Both the transformed chorion DNA as well as flanking rosy DNA sequences underw ent amplification. O ur results suggest that differential chorion DNA replication is mediated by specific origin-containing sequences located near the centre of the amplified domains. The possible role of such sequences in normal programmes of replication is discussed.

scholarly journals Graft-versus-host disease targets ovary and causes female infertility in mice

Blood ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 129 (9) ◽  
pp. 1216-1225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonoko Shimoji ◽  
Daigo Hashimoto ◽  
Hidetsugu Tsujigiwa ◽  
Kohta Miyawaki ◽  
Koji Kato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Graft Versus Host Disease ◽  
Ovarian Follicle ◽  
Follicle Cells ◽  
Cell Infiltration ◽  
Ovarian Insufficiency ◽  
Graft Versus Host ◽  
T Cell Infiltration ◽  
Gvhd Prophylaxis ◽  
Key Points

Key Points GVHD mediates donor T-cell infiltration and apoptosis of the ovarian follicle cells, leading to ovarian insufficiency and infertility. Ovarian insufficiency and infertility are independent of conditioning, and pharmacologic GVHD prophylaxis preserves fertility.

Role of ovarian follicle cells in vitellogenesis and oocyte resorption inCapitella sp. I (Polychaeta)

1984 ◽  
Vol 79 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. J. Eckelbarger ◽  
P. A. Linley ◽  
J. P. Grassle
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Follicle ◽  
Follicle Cells ◽  
Oocyte Resorption

Studies on the Ovarian Follicle Cells of Drosophila

1963 ◽  
Vol s3-104 (67) ◽  
pp. 297-320
Author(s):  
R. C. KING ◽  
ELIZABETH A. KOCH
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Follicle ◽  
Protein A ◽  
Follicle Cell ◽  
Follicle Cells ◽  
Vitelline Membrane ◽  
Membrane Material ◽  
Adjacent Layer ◽  
Membrane Formation ◽  
Precursor Material ◽  
Egg Shell

Studies are described of the ultrastructure of the follicle cells which invest the oocyte of Drosophila melanogaster at the time of vitelline membrane formation. Of particular interest are organelles made up of endoplasmic reticulum organized into a husk of concentric lamellae which surround lipidal droplets. These epithelial bodies are seen only at the time the vitelline membrane is being formed, and it is assumed therefore that the lipidal material of the epithelial body may be utilized somehow in the fabrication of the vitelline membrane. Cytochemical studies have shown this membrane to contain at least 5 classes of compounds; a protein, two lipids (which may be distinguished by differences in their resistance to extraction by various solvents), and 2 polysaccharides (1 neutral and 1 acidic). Studies were made of vitelline membrane formation in the ovaries of flies homozygous for either of 2 recessive, female-sterile genes (tiny and female sterile). In the case of the ty mutation vitelline membrane material is sometimes secreted between follicle and nurse cells, while in the mutant fes vitelline membrane is observed in rare instances to be secreted between follicle cells and an adjacent layer of tumour cells. In the latter case the vitelline membrane shows altered cytochemical properties. The fact that vitelline membrane can be secreted by follicle cells not adjacent to an oocyte demonstrates that it is the follicle cell rather than the oocyte that plays the major role in the secretion of the precursor material of the vitelline membrane. Subsequently the follicle cells secrete the egg-shell, or chorion, which is subdivided into a dense, compartmented, inner endochorion, and a pale, outer exochorion. A description is given of the ultrastructure of the follicle cells during the secretion of the endochorion and the exochorion. The endochorion contains a protein, a polysaccharide, and a lipid, all of which may be distinguished cytochemically from the vitelline membrane compounds. The exochorion contains large amounts of acidic mucopolysaccharides. Specialized follicle cells form the micropylar apparatus and the chorionic appendages. The formation of the chorion and chorionic appendages is discussed in the light of information gained from abnormalities of the chorions and chorionic appendages seen in ty and fs 2.1 oocytes. Subsequent to the time the egg leaves the ovariole a layer of waterproofing wax is secreted between the vitelline membrane and the chorion.

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