scholarly journals Drosophila Mon2 couples Oskar-induced endocytosis with actin remodeling for cortical anchorage of the germ plasm

Development ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 138 (12) ◽  
pp. 2523-2532 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Tanaka ◽  
Y. Kato ◽  
K. Matsuda ◽  
K. Hanyu-Nakamura ◽  
A. Nakamura
Keyword(s):  
Germ Plasm ◽  
Actin Remodeling ◽  
Cortical Anchorage

scholarly journals Receptor-mediated yolk uptake is required for oskar mRNA localization and cortical anchorage of germ plasm components in the Drosophila oocyte

PLoS Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. e3001183
Author(s):  
Tsubasa Tanaka ◽  
Naoki Tani ◽  
Akira Nakamura
Keyword(s):  
Germ Cell ◽  
Germ Plasm ◽  
Cell Formation ◽  
Mrna Localization ◽  
Posterior Pole ◽  
Actin Remodeling ◽  
Yolk Proteins ◽  
Anterior Dorsal ◽  
Cortical Anchorage ◽  
Germ Cell Formation

TheDrosophilagerm plasm is responsible for germ cell formation. Its assembly begins with localization ofoskarmRNA to the posterior pole of the oocyte. Theoskartranslation produces 2 isoforms with distinct functions: short Oskar recruits germ plasm components, whereas long Oskar remodels actin to anchor the components to the cortex. The mechanism by which long Oskar anchors them remains elusive. Here, we report that Yolkless, which facilitates uptake of nutrient yolk proteins into the oocyte, is a key cofactor for long Oskar. Loss of Yolkless or depletion of yolk proteins disrupts the microtubule alignment andoskarmRNA localization at the posterior pole of the oocyte, whereas microtubule-dependent localization ofbicoidmRNA to the anterior andgurkenmRNA to the anterior-dorsal corner remains intact. Furthermore, these mutant oocytes do not properly respond to long Oskar, causing defects in the actin remodeling and germ plasm anchoring. Thus, the yolk uptake is not merely the process for nutrient incorporation, but also crucial foroskarmRNA localization and cortical anchorage of germ plasm components in the oocyte.

Evaluation of germ plasm for resistant to Soybean mosaic virus (SMV)

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-9
Author(s):  
Wuye Ria Andayanie
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Polyclonal Antibody ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Germ Plasm ◽  
Polyclonal Antibodies ◽  
Soybean Mosaic Virus ◽  
High Yield ◽  
High Yields

Soybean superior varieties with high yields and are resistant to abiotic stress have been largely released, although some varieties grown in the field are not resistant to SMV. In addition, the opportunity to obtain lines of hope as prospective varieties with high yield and resistance to SMV is very small. The method for evaluating soybean germplasm is based on serological observations of 98 accessions of leaf samples from SMV inoculation with T isolate. The evaluation results of 98 accessions based on visual observations showed 31 genotypes reacting very resistant or healthy to mild resistant category to SMV T isolate  with a percentage of symptom severity of 0 −30 %. Among 31 genotypes there are 2 genotypes (PI 200485; M8Grb 44; Mlg 3288) with the category of visually very resistant and resistant, respectively and  Mlg 3288  with the category of mild resistant.  They have a good agronomic appearance with a weight of 100 seeds (˃10 g) and react negatively with polyclonal antibodies to SMV, except Mlg 3288 reaction is not consistent, despite the weight of 100 seeds (˃ 10 g). Leaf samples from 98 accessions revealed various symptoms of SMV infection in the field. This diversity of symptoms is caused by susceptibility to accession, when infection occurs, and environmental factors. Keywords—: soybean; genotipe; Soybean mosaic virus (SMV); disease severity; polyclonal  antibody

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