scholarly journals Retinol dehydrogenase 10 is a feedback regulator of retinoic acid signalling during axis formation and patterning of the central nervous system

Development ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 136 (3) ◽  
pp. 461-472 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Strate ◽  
T. H. Min ◽  
D. Iliev ◽  
E. M. Pera
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Retinoic Acid ◽  
Axis Formation ◽  
Retinol Dehydrogenase ◽  
Retinoic Acid Signalling ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Feedback Regulator

Induction of a RAR beta 2-lacZ transgene by retinoic acid reflects the neuromeric organization of the central nervous system

Development ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 116 (4) ◽  
pp. 977-983 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Zimmer ◽  
A. Zimmer
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Retinoic Acid ◽  
Retinoic Acid Receptor ◽  
Induction Pattern ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Beta 2 ◽  
Transgenic Embryos ◽  
Craniofacial Defects ◽  
Pair Rule

The hormone retinoic acid (RA) has been implicated in the organization of the anteroposterior (AP) body axis. In this paper, we describe the effects of RA on the activity of the RA-inducible retinoic acid receptor-beta 2 (RAR beta 2) promoter. When transgenic embryos carrying a RAR beta 2-lacZ reporter gene were exposed to a single dose of RA between gestational days 8.5 to 10.5, lacZ expression was induced in the anterior central nervous system (CNS). Strikingly, the transgene was expressed in a segmented pattern reminiscent of that of Drosophila ‘pair-rule’ genes. RA treatment of midgastrulation embryos at day 7.5 disturbed the segmentation and produced severe craniofacial defects. We discuss the possibility that the entire anterior CNS is segmented and that this segmentation is reflected by the RAR beta 2-lacZ induction pattern.

Retinoic acid modifies the pattern of cell differentiation in the central nervous system of neurula stage Xenopus embryos

Development ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 112 (4) ◽  
pp. 945-958 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Ruiz i Altaba ◽  
T.M. Jessell
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Retinoic Acid ◽  
Cell Fate ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Neural Cell ◽  
Xenopus Embryos ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Neurula Stage

Neural cell markers have been used to examine the effect of retinoic acid (RA) on the development of the central nervous system (CNS) of Xenopus embryos. RA treatment of neurula stage embryos resulted in a concentration-dependent perturbation of anterior CNS development leading to a reduction in the size of the forebrain, midbrain and hindbrain. In addition the overt segmental organization of the hindbrain was abolished by high concentrations of RA. The regional expression of two cell-specific markers, the homeobox protein Xhox3 and the neurotransmitter serotonin was also examined in embryos exposed to RA. Treatment with RA caused a concentration-dependent change in the pattern of expression of Xhox3 and serotonin and resulted in the ectopic appearance of immunoreactive neurons in anterior regions of the CNS, including the forebrain. Collectively, our results extend previous studies by showing that RA treatment of embryos at the neurula stage inhibits the development of anterior regions of the CNS while promoting the differentiation of more posterior cell types. The relevance of these findings to the possible role of endogenous retinoids in the determination of neural cell fate and axial patterning is discussed.

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