scholarly journals Loss of myogenin in postnatal life leads to normal skeletal muscle but reduced body size

Development ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 133 (4) ◽  
pp. 601-610 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Knapp
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Body Size ◽  
Postnatal Life ◽  
Reduced Body

Extended lifespan, reduced body size and leg skeletal muscle mass, and decreased mitochondrial function in clk-1 transgenic mice

2014 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 146-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuhide Takahashi ◽  
Yoshihiro Noda ◽  
Ikuroh Ohsawa ◽  
Takuji Shirasawa ◽  
Mayumi Takahashi
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Body Size ◽  
Transgenic Mice ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Mitochondrial Function ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽  
Reduced Body ◽  
Extended Lifespan

scholarly journals Mice Deficient for All PIM Kinases Display Reduced Body Size and Impaired Responses to Hematopoietic Growth Factors

2004 ◽  
Vol 24 (13) ◽  
pp. 6104-6115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harald Mikkers ◽  
Martijn Nawijn ◽  
John Allen ◽  
Conny Brouwers ◽  
Els Verhoeven ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factors ◽  
Body Size ◽  
Interleukin 2 ◽  
Cell Receptor ◽  
Postnatal Life ◽  
Growth Factor Signaling ◽  
Hematopoietic Growth Factors ◽  
Reduced Body ◽  
Deficient Mice

ABSTRACT The Pim family of proto-oncogenes encodes a distinct class of serine/threonine kinases consisting of PIM1, PIM2, and PIM3. Although the Pim genes are evolutionarily highly conserved, the contribution of PIM proteins to mammalian development is unclear. PIM1-deficient mice were previously described but showed only minor phenotypic aberrations. To assess the role of PIM proteins in mammalian physiology, compound Pim knockout mice were generated. Mice lacking expression of Pim1, Pim2, and Pim3 are viable and fertile. However, PIM-deficient mice show a profound reduction in body size at birth and throughout postnatal life. In addition, the in vitro response of distinct hematopoietic cell populations to growth factors is severely impaired. In particular, PIM proteins are required for the efficient proliferation of peripheral T lymphocytes mediated by synergistic T-cell receptor and interleukin-2 signaling. These results indicate that members of the PIM family of proteins are important but dispensable factors for growth factor signaling.

Relationship between circadian period and body size in the tau-mutant golden hamster

2014 ◽  
Vol 92 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-33
Author(s):  
Roberto Refinetti
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Single Gene ◽  
Pleiotropic Effect ◽  
Circadian Period ◽  
Golden Syrian Hamster ◽  
Casein Kinase 1 ◽  
Reduced Body ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Casein Kinase 1 Epsilon ◽  
Tau Mutation

The tau mutation in the golden (Syrian) hamster is a single gene mutation that drastically affects the speed of the circadian clock, in such a way that homozygous mutants have an endogenous circadian period of 20 h (compared with 24 h for wild-type hamsters). While studying the circadian system of tau-mutant hamsters during the past 25 years, several authors have noted an apparent relationship between circadian period and body size in these animals. This study, based on 181 hamsters from 24 litters, confirmed previous observations that a shorter circadian period is associated with smaller body size, documented a sex difference in this association, and evaluated several mechanisms that might explain the phenomenon (such as different organ sizes, body composition, and metabolic rate). The obtained evidence suggests that the reduced body size of short-period hamsters is likely a pleiotropic effect of the tau allele (an allele of the casein kinase 1 epsilon gene) rather than a consequence of the shortened circadian period.

Ituglanis compactus, a new species of catfish (Siluriformes: Trichomycteridae) from the rio Jari drainage, lower Amazon, Brazil 

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4244 (2) ◽  
pp. 207 ◽  
Author(s):  
ÍTHALO DA SILVA CASTRO ◽  
WOLMAR BENJAMIN WOSIACKI
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Body Size ◽  
Head Length ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
Pectoral Fin ◽  
Reduced Body ◽  
Weberian Apparatus ◽  
Fin Rays ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Pectoral Fin Rays

A new species of Ituglanis is described from rio Iratapuru, near the rio Jari, Amapá, Brazil. The new species is distinguished from all congeners by the reduced number of post-Weberian apparatus vertebrae (36 or 37); the low number of paired ribs (2); the low number of interopercular odontodes (12–15); the number of branchiostegal rays (7 or 8); the presence of elongated fontanel in parieto-supraoccipital; the pectoral-fin rays (i,5); head length (18.9–25.0); and the presence of pores supraorbital s1, infraorbitals i1 and i3 of the laterosensory system. The new taxon has a reduced body size and fully ossified skeleton, but does not display a large number of paedomorphic traits compared to congeners. Comments about taxonomy and intrageneric comparisons are made, and paedomorphic in Ituglanis is discussed. Thoughts about conservation of the new species are presented. 

scholarly journals Convergence in reduced body size, head size, and blood glucose in three island reptiles

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 6169-6182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda M. Sparkman ◽  
Amanda D. Clark ◽  
Lilly J. Brummett ◽  
Kenneth R. Chism ◽  
Lucia L. Combrink ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Head Size ◽  
Reduced Body

scholarly journals Developmental programming in skeletal muscle in response to overnourishment in the immediate postnatal life in rats

2013 ◽  
Vol 24 (11) ◽  
pp. 1859-1869 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hung-Wen Liu ◽  
Saleh Mahmood ◽  
Malathi Srinivasan ◽  
Dominic J. Smiraglia ◽  
Mulchand S. Patel
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Developmental Programming ◽  
Postnatal Life
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