scholarly journals Healthy human CSF promotes glial differentiation of hESC-derived neural cells while retaining spontaneous activity in existing neuronal networks

Biology Open ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 605-612 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Kiiski ◽  
R. Aanismaa ◽  
J. Tenhunen ◽  
S. Hagman ◽  
L. Yla-Outinen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spontaneous Activity ◽  
Neuronal Networks ◽  
Neural Cells ◽  
Glial Differentiation ◽  
Healthy Human

scholarly journals Widefield, Spatiotemporal Mapping of Spontaneous Activity of Mouse Cultured Neuronal Networks Using Quantum Diamond Sensors

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua Colm Price ◽  
Raquel Mesquita-Ribeiro ◽  
Federico Dajas-Bailador ◽  
Melissa Louise Mather
Keyword(s):  
Spontaneous Activity ◽  
Neuronal Networks ◽  
Spatiotemporal Mapping

scholarly journals A Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Isogenic Model of Huntington’s Disease Based on Neuronal Cells Has Several Relevant Phenotypic Abnormalities

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 215
Author(s):  
Tuyana Malankhanova ◽  
Lyubov Suldina ◽  
Elena Grigor’eva ◽  
Sergey Medvedev ◽  
Julia Minina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Huntington's Disease ◽  
Huntington’S Disease ◽  
Neurodegenerative Disorder ◽  
Microscopic Analysis ◽  
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell ◽  
Cell System ◽  
Neural Cells ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Healthy Human ◽  
Induced Pluripotent

Huntington’s disease (HD) is a severe neurodegenerative disorder caused by a CAG triplet expansion in the first exon of the HTT gene. Here we report the introduction of an HD mutation into the genome of healthy human embryonic fibroblasts through CRISPR/Cas9-mediated homologous recombination. We verified the specificity of the created HTT-editing system and confirmed the absence of undesirable genomic modifications at off-target sites. We showed that both mutant and control isogenic induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) derived by reprogramming of the fibroblast clones can be differentiated into striatal medium spiny neurons. We next demonstrated phenotypic abnormalities in the mutant iPSC-derived neural cells, including impaired neural rosette formation and increased sensitivity to growth factor withdrawal. Moreover, using electron microscopic analysis, we detected a series of ultrastructural defects in the mutant neurons, which did not contain huntingtin aggregates, suggesting that these defects appear early in HD development. Thus, our study describes creation of a new isogenic iPSC-based cell system that models HD and recapitulates HD-specific disturbances in the mutant cells, including some ultrastructural features implemented for the first time.

scholarly journals Deuterated Glutamate-Mediated Neuronal Activity on Micro-Electrode Arrays

Micromachines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 830
Author(s):  
Wataru Minoshima ◽  
Kyoko Masui ◽  
Tomomi Tani ◽  
Yasunori Nawa ◽  
Satoshi Fujita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spontaneous Activity ◽  
Neuronal Activity ◽  
Hippocampal Neurons ◽  
Neuronal Networks ◽  
Microelectrode Array ◽  
Mammalian Brain ◽  
Electrode Arrays ◽  
Physiological Properties ◽  
Micro Electrode Arrays

The excitatory synaptic transmission is mediated by glutamate (GLU) in neuronal networks of the mammalian brain. In addition to the synaptic GLU, extra-synaptic GLU is known to modulate the neuronal activity. In neuronal networks, GLU uptake is an important role of neurons and glial cells for lowering the concentration of extracellular GLU and to avoid the excitotoxicity. Monitoring the spatial distribution of intracellular GLU is important to study the uptake of GLU, but the approach has been hampered by the absence of appropriate GLU analogs that report the localization of GLU. Deuterium-labeled glutamate (GLU-D) is a promising tracer for monitoring the intracellular concentration of glutamate, but physiological properties of GLU-D have not been studied. Here we study the effects of extracellular GLU-D for the neuronal activity by using primary cultured rat hippocampal neurons that form neuronal networks on microelectrode array. The frequency of firing in the spontaneous activity of neurons increased with the increasing concentration of extracellular GLU-D. The frequency of synchronized burst activity in neurons increased similarly as we observed in the spontaneous activity. These changes of the neuronal activity with extracellular GLU-D were suppressed by antagonists of glutamate receptors. These results suggest that GLU-D can be used as an analog of GLU with equivalent effects for facilitating the neuronal activity. We anticipate GLU-D developing as a promising analog of GLU for studying the dynamics of glutamate during neuronal activity.

Modeling the Effect of Spontaneous Activity on Core Temperature in Healthy Human Subjects

2001 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 511-528 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Waterhouse ◽  
A. Nevill ◽  
D. Weinert ◽  
S. Folkard ◽  
D. Minors ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spontaneous Activity ◽  
Core Temperature ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Healthy Human ◽  
Healthy Human Subjects

Amyloid Beta Oligomer-induced Changes in Spontaneous Activity of Neuronal Networks

2019 ◽  
Vol 139 (5) ◽  
pp. 638-639
Author(s):  
Kenta Shimba ◽  
Yasuyoshi Urata ◽  
Kiyoshi Kotani ◽  
Yasuhiko Jimbo
Keyword(s):  
Spontaneous Activity ◽  
Amyloid Beta ◽  
Neuronal Networks ◽  
Induced Changes

scholarly journals Ex vivo cultured neuronal networks emit in vivo-like spontaneous activity

2014 ◽  
Vol 64 (6) ◽  
pp. 421-431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuki Okamoto ◽  
Tomoe Ishikawa ◽  
Reimi Abe ◽  
Daisuke Ishikawa ◽  
Chiaki Kobayashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spontaneous Activity ◽  
Neuronal Networks ◽  
Ex Vivo

scholarly journals On the Dynamics of the Spontaneous Activity in Neuronal Networks

PLoS ONE ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. e439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Mazzoni ◽  
Frédéric D. Broccard ◽  
Elizabeth Garcia-Perez ◽  
Paolo Bonifazi ◽  
Maria Elisabetta Ruaro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spontaneous Activity ◽  
Neuronal Networks

scholarly journals Evaluation of in vitro neuronal networks for the study of spontaneous activity

STEMedicine ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. e35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diletta Pozzi
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Spontaneous Activity ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Neuronal Networks ◽  
Brain Slices ◽  
In Vitro Models ◽  
Network Activity ◽  
External Stimuli

In the absence of external stimuli, the nervous system exhibits a spontaneous electrical activity whose functions are not fully understood, and that represents the background noise of brain operations. Spontaneous activity has been proven to arise not only in vivo, but in in vitro neuronal networks as well, following some stereotypical patterns that reproduce the time course of development of the mammalian nervous system. This review provides an overview of in vitro models for the study of spontaneous network activity, discussing their ability to reproduce in vivo - like dynamics and the main findings obtained with each particular model. While explanted brain slices are able to reproduce the neuronal oscillations typically observed in anaesthetized animals, dissociated cultures allow the use of patient-derived neurons and limit the number of animals used for sample preparation.

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