Ca2+ mobilization by the LH receptor expressed in Xenopus oocytes independent of 3',5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate formation: evidence for parallel activation of two signaling pathways

1992 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 272-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Gudermann
Keyword(s):  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Xenopus Oocytes ◽  
Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate ◽  
Adenosine Monophosphate ◽  
Lh Receptor ◽  
Parallel Activation

scholarly journals Differential Signaling Profiles of MC4R Mutations with Three Different Ligands

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 1224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Paisdzior ◽  
Ioanna Maria Dimitriou ◽  
Paul Curtis Schöpe ◽  
Paolo Annibale ◽  
Patrick Scheerer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
G Protein ◽  
Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate ◽  
Adenosine Monophosphate ◽  
Loss Of Function ◽  
Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Melanocortin 4 Receptor ◽  
Erk Phosphorylation ◽  
Extracellular Regulated Kinase ◽  
Peptide Agonist

The melanocortin 4 receptor (MC4R) is a key player in hypothalamic weight regulation and energy expenditure as part of the leptin–melanocortin pathway. Mutations in this G protein coupled receptor (GPCR) are the most common cause for monogenetic obesity, which appears to be mediated by changes in the anorectic action of MC4R via GS-dependent cyclic adenosine-monophosphate (cAMP) signaling as well as other signaling pathways. To study potential bias in the effects of MC4R mutations between the different signaling pathways, we investigated three major MC4R mutations: a GS loss-of-function (S127L) and a GS gain-of-function mutant (H158R), as well as the most common European single nucleotide polymorphism (V103I). We tested signaling of all four major G protein families plus extracellular regulated kinase (ERK) phosphorylation and β-arrestin2 recruitment, using the two endogenous agonists, α- and β-melanocyte stimulating hormone (MSH), along with a synthetic peptide agonist (NDP-α-MSH). The S127L mutation led to a full loss-of-function in all investigated pathways, whereas V103I and H158R were clearly biased towards the Gq/11 pathway when challenged with the endogenous ligands. These results show that MC4R mutations can cause vastly different changes in the various MC4R signaling pathways and highlight the importance of a comprehensive characterization of receptor mutations.

Investigation of distinct molecular pathways in migraine induction using calcitonin gene-related peptide and sildenafil

Cephalalgia ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (14) ◽  
pp. 1776-1788 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samaira Younis ◽  
Casper E Christensen ◽  
Nikolaj M Toft ◽  
Thomas Søborg ◽  
Faisal M Amin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Intracellular Signaling ◽  
Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate ◽  
Adenosine Monophosphate ◽  
Cyclic Guanosine Monophosphate ◽  
Calcitonin Gene Related Peptide ◽  
Guanosine Monophosphate ◽  
Related Peptide ◽  
Intracellular Signaling Pathways ◽  
Calcitonin Gene

Objective Migraine displays clinical heterogeneity of attack features and attack triggers. The question is whether this heterogeneity is explained by distinct intracellular signaling pathways leading to attacks with distinct clinical features. One well-known migraine-inducing pathway is mediated by cyclic adenosine monophosphate and another by cyclic guanosine monophosphate. Calcitonin gene-related peptide triggers migraine via the cyclic adenosine monophosphate pathway and sildenafil via the cyclic guanosine monophosphate pathway. To date, no studies have examined whether migraine induction mediated via the cyclic adenosine monophosphate and cyclic guanosine monophosphate pathways yields similar attacks within the same patients. Methods Patients were subjected to migraine induction on two separate days using calcitonin gene-related peptide (1.5 µg/min for 20 minutes) and sildenafil (100 mg) in a double-blind, randomized, double-dummy, cross-over design. Data on headache intensity, characteristics and accompanying symptoms were collected until 24 hours after drug administration. Results Thirty-four patients were enrolled and 27 completed both study days. Seventeen patients developed migraine after both study drugs (63%; 95% CI: 42–81). Eight patients developed migraine on one day only (seven after sildenafil and one after calcitonin gene-related peptide). Two patients did not develop migraine on either day. Headache laterality, nausea, photophobia and phonophobia were similar between drugs in 77%, 65%, 100%, and 94%, respectively, of the 17 patients who developed attacks on both days. Conclusion A majority of patients developed migraine after both calcitonin gene-related peptide and sildenafil. This supports the hypothesis that the cyclic adenosine monophosphate and cyclic guanosine monophosphate intracellular signaling pathways in migraine induction converge in a common cellular determinator, which ultimately triggers the same attacks. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03143465.

scholarly journals GPRC5A: An Emerging Biomarker in Human Cancer

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoxia Jiang ◽  
Xin Xu ◽  
Mengjie Wu ◽  
Zhonghai Guan ◽  
Xingyun Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
G Protein ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Lung Tumor ◽  
Human Cancer ◽  
Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate ◽  
Adenosine Monophosphate ◽  
Aberrant Expression ◽  
Human Cancers ◽  
G Protein Coupled

Aberrant expression of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) is frequently associated with tumorigenesis. G Protein-coupled receptor class C group 5 member A (GPRC5A) is a member of the GPCR superfamily, is expressed preferentially in lung tissues, and is regulated by various entities at multiple levels. GPRC5A exerts a tumor suppressive role in lung cancer and GPRC5A deletion promotes lung tumor initiation and progression. Recent advances have highlighted that GPRC5A dysregulation is found in various human cancers and is related to many tumor-associated signaling pathways, including the cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), nuclear factor (NF)-κB, signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 3, and focal adhesion kinase (FAK)/Src signaling. This review aimed to summarize our updated view on the biology and regulation of GPRC5A, its expression in human cancers, and the linked signaling pathways. A better comprehension of the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms of GPRC5A will provide novel insights into its potential diagnostic and therapeutic value.

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