scholarly journals Minireview: Role of Intracellular Scaffolding Proteins in the Regulation of Endocrine G Protein-Coupled Receptor Signaling

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 814-830 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cornelia Walther ◽  
Stephen S. G. Ferguson
Keyword(s):  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
G Protein ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Cell Physiology ◽  
Scaffolding Proteins ◽  
Receptor Signaling ◽  
Heterotrimeric G Proteins ◽  
Zona Occludens ◽  
G Protein Coupled

Abstract The majority of hormones stimulates and mediates their signal transduction via G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). The signal is transmitted into the cell due to the association of the GPCRs with heterotrimeric G proteins, which in turn activates an extensive array of signaling pathways to regulate cell physiology. However, GPCRs also function as scaffolds for the recruitment of a variety of cytoplasmic protein-interacting proteins that bind to both the intracellular face and protein interaction motifs encoded by GPCRs. The structural scaffolding of these proteins allows GPCRs to recruit large functional complexes that serve to modulate both G protein-dependent and -independent cellular signaling pathways and modulate GPCR intracellular trafficking. This review focuses on GPCR interacting PSD95-disc large-zona occludens domain containing scaffolds in the regulation of endocrine receptor signaling as well as their potential role as therapeutic targets for the treatment of endocrinopathies.

scholarly journals Role of Soft Matter in G-Protein-Coupled Receptor Signaling

2017 ◽  
Vol 112 (3) ◽  
pp. 391a-392a
Author(s):  
Udeep Chawla ◽  
Suchithranga M.D.C Perera ◽  
Andrey V. Struts ◽  
Michael C. Pitman ◽  
Michael F. Brown
Keyword(s):  
G Protein ◽  
Soft Matter ◽  
Receptor Signaling ◽  
G Protein Coupled Receptor ◽  
G Protein Coupled

scholarly journals Multi-omics analysis of glucose-mediated signaling by a moonlighting Gβ protein Asc1/RACK1

PLoS Genetics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. e1009640
Author(s):  
Shuang Li ◽  
Yuanyuan Li ◽  
Blake R. Rushing ◽  
Sarah E. Harris ◽  
Susan L. McRitchie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
G Protein ◽  
Glucose Sensing ◽  
Heterotrimeric G Proteins ◽  
Glucose Addition ◽  
Protein Subunits ◽  
Individual Gene ◽  
Gene Transcripts ◽  
G Protein Coupled

Heterotrimeric G proteins were originally discovered through efforts to understand the effects of hormones, such as glucagon and epinephrine, on glucose metabolism. On the other hand, many cellular metabolites, including glucose, serve as ligands for G protein-coupled receptors. Here we investigate the consequences of glucose-mediated receptor signaling, and in particular the role of a Gα subunit Gpa2 and a non-canonical Gβ subunit, known as Asc1 in yeast and RACK1 in animals. Asc1/RACK1 is of particular interest because it has multiple, seemingly unrelated, functions in the cell. The existence of such “moonlighting” operations has complicated the determination of phenotype from genotype. Through a comparative analysis of individual gene deletion mutants, and by integrating transcriptomics and metabolomics measurements, we have determined the relative contributions of the Gα and Gβ protein subunits to glucose-initiated processes in yeast. We determined that Gpa2 is primarily involved in regulating carbohydrate metabolism while Asc1 is primarily involved in amino acid metabolism. Both proteins are involved in regulating purine metabolism. Of the two subunits, Gpa2 regulates a greater number of gene transcripts and was particularly important in determining the amplitude of response to glucose addition. We conclude that the two G protein subunits regulate distinct but complementary processes downstream of the glucose-sensing receptor, as well as processes that lead ultimately to changes in cell growth and metabolism.

scholarly journals The complex role of Prostaglandin E2-EP receptor signaling in wound healing

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristy E. Gilman ◽  
Kirsten H. Limesand
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
G Protein ◽  
Lipid Mediators ◽  
G Protein Coupled Receptors ◽  
Prostaglandin E ◽  
Receptor Signaling ◽  
Wound Healing Response ◽  
Ep Receptor ◽  
G Protein Coupled

Prostaglandins are critical lipid mediators involved in the wound healing response, with prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) being the most complex and exhibiting the most diverse physiological outputs. PGE2 signals via four G-protein coupled receptors, termed EP-receptors 1-4, that induce distinct signaling pathways upon activation and lead to an array of different outputs. Recent studies examining the role of PGE2 and EP receptor signaling in wound healing following various forms of tissue damage are discussed in this review.

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