scholarly journals Plasma DPP4 Activities Are Associated With Osteoporosis in Postmenopausal Women With Normal Glucose Tolerance

2015 ◽  
Vol 100 (10) ◽  
pp. 3862-3870 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tianpeng Zheng ◽  
Liuxue Yang ◽  
Yihong Liu ◽  
Hongbo Liu ◽  
Jian Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Type I Collagen ◽  
Normal Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Type I ◽  
Normal Glucose ◽  
Hs Crp

Context: Inflammation, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) are risk factors for osteoporosis. Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4) is a newly identified adipokine related to these risk factors. Objective: To investigate the association between plasma DPP4 activities and osteoporosis. Design, Setting, and Patients: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in Guilin, China. A total of 744 postmenopausal women with normal glucose tolerance were studied. Main Outcome Measures: Plasma DPP4 activity, inflammatory markers, blood lipids, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), active GLP-1, bone turnover markers, and bone mineral density (BMD) were measured in all participants. Results: Participants in the highest quartile of DPP4 activity had higher triglyceride, total cholesterol, HOMA-IR, IL-6, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen, and osteocalcin and lower BMD (lumbar spine and femoral neck) and active GLP-1 compared with participants in the lowest quartile (P < .05). DPP4 activities were associated positively with triglyceride, total cholesterol, HOMA-IR, IL-6, hs-CRP, C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen, and osteocalcin and negatively with active GLP-1 and BMD (P < .05). In the highest DPP4 quartile, osteoporosis risk was significantly higher (odds ratio, 3.01; 95% confidence interval, 1.66–5.43) than in the lowest quartile after adjustment for potential confounders. The risk for osteoporosis increased more with higher levels of DPP4 activity, HOMA-IR, IL-6, and hs-CRP (P < .05), but not with higher levels of triglyceride and total cholesterol or lower levels of active GLP-1. Conclusions: This study shows that increased DPP4 activities are independently associated with osteoporosis. The mechanisms may be partly explained by the effect of DPP4 on inflammation and insulin resistance.

Insulin resistance and cardiovascular risk factors in women with PCOS who have normal glucose tolerance test

2012 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 148-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ismail Cem Yildir ◽  
Faruk Kutluturk ◽  
Turker Tasliyurt ◽  
Berna Murat Yelken ◽  
Berat Acu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Glucose Tolerance Test ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Normal Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Normal Glucose

Insulin resistance and endothelial dysfunction in smokers: effects of vitamin C

2000 ◽  
Vol 279 (3) ◽  
pp. H1172-H1178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nobutaka Hirai ◽  
Hiroaki Kawano ◽  
Osamu Hirashima ◽  
Takeshi Motoyama ◽  
Yasushi Moriyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Normal Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Normal Glucose

Cigarette smoking impairs endothelial function and is one of the major risk factors for atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease. Insulin resistance is associated with major risk factors for atherosclerosis. We examined the effects of vitamin C on insulin sensitivity and endothelial function by measuring steady-state plasma glucose (SSPG) and flow-mediated dilation (FMD) of the brachial artery. We studied 16 current smokers with normal glucose tolerance, 15 nonsmokers with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), and 17 nonsmokers with normal glucose tolerance as controls. Both SSPG and FMD were blunted in smokers and nonsmokers with IGT compared with controls. In smokers, vitamin C decreased SSPG ( P < 0.01 by ANOVA) with decreasing plasma thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) ( P < 0.05 by ANOVA) and improved FMD ( P < 0.05 by ANOVA). Furthermore, vitamin C improved both SSPG ( P < 0.005 by ANOVA) and FMD ( P < 0.05 by ANOVA) in nonsmokers with IGT. SSPG, FMD, or TBARS in controls did not change after vitamin C infusion. There was a significant correlation between SSPG and FMD both in smokers and nonsmokers with IGT, whereas no correlation was observed in controls. In conclusion, both insulin sensitivity and endothelial function were impaired in smokers and nonsmokers with IGT and were improved by vitamin C. Thus increased reactive oxygen species play an important role in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance as well as endothelial dysfunction in smokers and nonsmokers with IGT.

STUDIES IN CONGENITAL GENERALIZED LIPODYSTROPHY (SEIP-BERARDINELLI SYNDROME)

1973 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 475-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svein Oseid
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Normal Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Juvenile Form ◽  
Congenital Generalized Lipodystrophy ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Normal Glucose ◽  
Glucose Tolerance Tests ◽  
The One ◽  
Adipose Organ

ABSTRACT Six cases of congenital generalized lipodystrophy have been studied at different ages from infancy to adolescence with regard to glucose tolerance, insulin secretion, and insulin sensitivity. During the first few years of life there is normal glucose tolerance. The fasting immuno-reactive insulin (IRI) levels are either slightly elevated or normal. The IRI response to glucose is exaggerated and prolonged, at least from the third year of life. Some degree of insulin resistance is already present in infancy. From the age of 8–10 years glucose tolerance decreases rapidly. The fasting IRI levels are usually grossly elevated, while fasting plasma glucose levels are only moderately elevated or normal. The IRI responses to oral and iv administered glucose, and to tolbutamide are exaggerated; the insulinogenic indices are high. Cortisone primed glucose tolerance tests become abnormal. Insulin resistance is marked, and increases with age. After cessation of growth at approximately 12 years of age, frank diabetes with fasting hyperglycaemia and diabetic glucose tolerance curves developed in the one patient followed beyond this age. Her fasting IRI was increased, but there was a poor IRI response to glucose stimulation, suggesting a partial exhaustion of the β-cells. Her initial IRI response to tolbutamide was still good, but not as brisk as in the younger patients. This type of diabetes is quite different from the juvenile form, and also from the diabetes of older age. It may be causally related to the lack of an adequate adipose organ necessary for the disposal of excesses of glucose, or possibly related to another anti-insulin mechanism.

Impact of Glucose Metabolism Disorders on IGF-1 Levels in Patients with Acromegaly

2018 ◽  
Vol 50 (05) ◽  
pp. 408-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sema Dogansen ◽  
Gulsah Yalin ◽  
Seher Tanrikulu ◽  
Sema Yarman
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Normal Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Glucose Metabolism Disorders ◽  
Insulin Resistant ◽  
Normal Glucose ◽  
Resistant Group ◽  
The Impact

AbstractIn this study, we aimed to evaluate the presence of glucose metabolism abnormalities and their impact on IGF-1 levels in patients with acromegaly. Ninety-three patients with acromegaly (n=93; 52 males/41 females) were included in this study. Patients were separated into three groups such as; normal glucose tolerance (n=23, 25%), prediabetes (n=38, 41%), and diabetes mellitus (n=32, 34%). Insulin resistance was calculated with homeostasis model assessment (HOMA). HOMA-IR > 2.5 or ≤2.5 were defined as insulin resistant or noninsulin resistant groups, respectively. Groups were compared in terms of factors that may be associated with glucose metabolism abnormalities. IGF-1% ULN (upper limit of normal)/GH ratios were used to evaluate the impact of glucose metabolism abnormalities on IGF-1 levels. Patients with diabetes mellitus were significantly older with an increased frequency of hypertension (p<0.001, p=0.01, respectively). IGF-1% ULN/GH ratio was significantly lower in prediabetes group than in normal glucose tolerance group (p=0.04). Similarly IGF-1% ULN/GH ratio was significantly lower in insulin resistant group than in noninsulin resistant group (p=0.04). Baseline and suppressed GH levels were significantly higher in insulin resistant group than in noninsulin resistant group (p=0.024, p<0.001, respectively). IGF-1% ULN/GH ratio is a useful marker indicating glucose metabolism disorders and IGF-1 levels might be inappropriately lower in acromegalic patients with insulin resistance or prediabetes. We suggest that IGF-1 levels should be re-evaluated after the improvement of insulin resistance or glycemic regulation for the successful management of patients with acromegaly.

scholarly journals PPARαAgonist Fenofibrate Reduced the Secreting Load ofβ-Cells in Hypertriglyceridemia Patients with Normal Glucose Tolerance

PPAR Research ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Jia Liu ◽  
Rui Lu ◽  
Ying Wang ◽  
Yanjin Hu ◽  
Yumei Jia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Normal Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Homeostasis Model Assessment ◽  
Cell Dysfunction ◽  
Fenofibrate Treatment ◽  
Normal Glucose

Hypertriglyceridemia is an important risk factor associated with insulin resistance andβ-cell dysfunction. This study investigated the effects of hypertriglyceridemia and fenofibrate treatment on insulin sensitivity andβ-cell function in subjects with normal glucose tolerance. A total of 1974 subjects with normal glucose tolerance were divided into the normal TG group (NTG group,n=1302) and hypertriglyceridemia group (HTG group,n=672). Next, 92 patients selected randomly from 672 patients with hypertriglyceridemia were assigned to a 24-week fenofibrate treatment. The HTG group had increased waist circumference (WC), body mass index (BMI), homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and homeostasis model assessment ofβ-cell function (HOMA-β) and decreased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) compared with the NTG group (allP<0.01). The 24-week fenofibrate treatment significantly decreased the WC, BMI, TG, HOMA-IR, and HOMA-βlevels and increased the HDL-C levels in the patients with hypertriglyceridemia (WC, BMI, and HOMA-IR:P<0.05; TG, HDL-C, and HOMA-β:P<0.01). The fenofibrate treatment significantly alleviated insulin resistance and reduced the secreting load ofβ-cells in the hypertriglyceridemia patients with normal glucose tolerance.

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