scholarly journals High Long-Term Cortisol Levels, Measured in Scalp Hair, Are Associated With a History of Cardiovascular Disease

2013 ◽  
Vol 98 (5) ◽  
pp. 2078-2083 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Manenschijn ◽  
L. Schaap ◽  
N. M. van Schoor ◽  
S. van der Pas ◽  
G. M. E. E. Peeters ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Scalp Hair ◽  
History Of ◽  
Cortisol Levels

A history of smoking does not reduce long-term benefits of cardiac rehabilitation on cardiorespiratory fitness in men and women with cardiovascular disease

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth Shinkichi Noguchi ◽  
Michael Pryzbek ◽  
Kevin Moncion ◽  
Angelica McQuarrie ◽  
Maureen J. MacDonald ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Cardiac Rehabilitation ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Smoking Behaviour ◽  
Smoking History ◽  
Cardiac Events ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
History Of

Smoking is an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality. Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is effective for reducing the risk of recurrent cardiac events through improving cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF). Little is known about the influence of smoking on CRF throughout long-term CR. The purpose of this analysis was to compare CRF trajectories among individuals with positive and negative smoking history enrolled in long-term CR. Participants had a positive smoking history if they currently smoke or formerly smoked (Smoke+, n=55, mean age=64.9 ± 9.0 years) and had a negative history if they never smoked (Smoke–, n=34, mean age=61.4 ± 9.0 years). CRF (VO2peak) was measured at baseline and annually thereafter for 6 years. The Smoke+ group had lower CRF compared to the Smoke– group over enrollment (β=-3.29 (SE=1.40), 95% CI -6.04, -0.54, p=0.02), but there was no interaction of smoking history and enrollment (β=0.35 (SE=0.21), 95% CI -0.06, 0.77, p=0.10). Moreover, trajectories were not influenced by pack-years (β=0.01 (SE=0.01), 95% CI -0.01, 0.04, p=0.23) or time smoke-free (β=-0.002 (SE=0.01), 95% CI -0.02, 0.02, p=0.80). Although the trajectories of CRF do not appear to be affected by smoking behaviour, individuals without a history of smoking maintained higher CRF throughout enrollment. Novelty bullets: • The benefits of long-term exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation on cardiorespiratory fitness are similar between those who have smoked and those who have never smoked. • Neither the number of pack-years nor the length of time spent smoke-free influence cardiorespiratory fitness trajectories following long-term cardiac rehabilitation.

scholarly journals Circulating miR-206 and Wnt-signaling are associated with cardiovascular complications and a history of preeclampsia in women

2020 ◽  
Vol 134 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenny Schlosser ◽  
Amanpreet Kaur ◽  
Natalie Dayan ◽  
Duncan J. Stewart ◽  
Louise Pilote ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Wnt Signaling ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
Biological Pathways ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Molecular Determinants ◽  
History Of

Abstract Women with a history of preeclampsia (PE) have increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) later in life. However, the molecular determinants underlying this risk remain unclear. We sought to understand how circulating miRNA levels are affected by prior PE, and related to biological pathways underpinning cardiovascular disease. RNA sequencing was used to profile plasma levels of 2578 miRNAs in a retrospective study of women with a history of PE or normotensive pregnancy, in two independent cohorts with either acute coronary syndrome (ACS) (n = 17–18/group) or no ACS (n = 20/group). Differential miRNA alterations were assessed in relation to a history of PE (within each cohort) or ACS (across cohorts), and compared with miRNAs previously reported to be altered during PE. A history of PE was associated with altered levels of 30 and 20 miRNAs in the ACS and non-ACS cohorts, respectively, whereas ACS exposure was associated with alterations in 259 miRNAs. MiR-206 was identified at the intersection of all comparisons relating to past/current PE and ACS exposure, and has previously been implicated in atherogenic activities related to hepatocytes, vascular smooth muscle cells and macrophages. Integration of all differentially altered miRNAs with their predicted and experimentally validated targets in silico revealed a number of highly targeted genes with potential atherogenic functions (including NFAT5, CCND2 and SMAD2), and one significantly enriched KEGG biological pathway (Wnt signaling) that was shared between all exposure groups. The present study provides novel insights into miRNAs, target genes and biological pathways that may underlie the long-term cardiovascular sequelae of PE.

scholarly journals The Interplay Between COVID-19 and Cardiovascular Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Brandon Shokoples ◽  
Nathanne S. Ferreira ◽  
Kevin Comeau
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Organ Damage ◽  
Healthcare Systems ◽  
Host Cells ◽  
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Rapid Spread ◽  
History Of

Introduction: The emergence of the global COVID-19 pandemic caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, has created a substantial burden on healthcare systems worldwide. The systemic impacts of COVID-19 infection are severe and broad in their implications, and the cardiovascular system is no exception. Discussion: Patients with a history of cardiovascular disease are at an increased risk for hospitalization and mortality, and COVID-19 infection has now been demonstrated to initiate acute, but serious, episodes of cardiovascular events such as stroke. Considering the rapid spread of COVID-19 across the globe and the inability of healthcare systems to address and adequately respond to the pandemic, therein lies an increased need for understanding the interplay between COVID-19 infection and cardiovascular disease. SARS-CoV-2 relies on binding the angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE2) receptor to infect host cells, with ACE2 representing a critical regulator of blood pressure homeostasis and proper cardiovascular functioning. Conclusion: Identifying the exact role of ACE2 in COVID-19 infection will have major implications for understanding the disease; therefore, here we have reviewed ACE2’s involvement in the pathogenesis of COVID-19 infection and the resulting end-organ damage. In addition, we have summarized how COVID-19 affects cardiovascular physiology, and how COVID-19 infection can manifest in acute cardiovascular events. Finally, we examine why patients with cardiovascular disease are at an increased risk of succumbing to COVID-19 and what the long-term cardiovascular implications of COVID-19 infection could mean. Relevance: This paper discusses the cardiovascular consequences of the global COVID-19 pandemic.

scholarly journals Long-Term Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Women After Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy: Recent Advances in Hypertension

Hypertension ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kavia Khosla ◽  
Sarah Heimberger ◽  
Kristin M. Nieman ◽  
Avery Tung ◽  
Sajid Shahul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Hypertensive Disorders Of Pregnancy ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Reduction ◽  
Hypertensive Disorders ◽  
History Of

Patients with a history of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) suffer higher rates of long-term cardiovascular events including heart failure, coronary artery disease, and stroke. Cardiovascular changes during pregnancy can act as a natural stress test, subsequently unmasking latent cardiovascular disease in the form of HDP. Because HDP now affect 10% of pregnancies in the United States, the American Heart Association has called for physicians who provide peripartum care to promote early identification and cardiovascular risk reduction. In this review, we discuss the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and outcomes of HDP-associated cardiovascular disease. In addition, we propose a multi-pronged approach to support cardiovascular risk reduction for women with a history of HDP. Additional research is warranted to define appropriate blood pressure targets in the postpartum period, optimize the use of pregnancy history in risk stratification tools, and clarify the effectiveness of preventive interventions. The highest rates of HDP are in populations with poor access to resources and quality health care, making it a major risk for inequity of care. Interventions to decrease long-term cardiovascular disease risk in women following HDP must also target disparity reduction.

422-P: Long-Term Incidence of Cardiovascular Disease across the Natural History of Type 2 Diabetes

Diabetes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 422-P
Author(s):  
JAEJIN AN ◽  
GREGORY A. NICHOLS ◽  
LEI QIAN ◽  
RONG WEI ◽  
TERESA HARRISON ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Natural History ◽  
History Of

Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation (HCT) Survivors: Role in Development of Subsequent Cardiovascular Disease

Blood ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 118 (21) ◽  
pp. 330-330
Author(s):  
Saro H. Armenian ◽  
Can-Lan Sun ◽  
Tabitha Shannon ◽  
Emily Blum ◽  
Liton Francisco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Cumulative Incidence ◽  
Chronic Gvhd ◽  
Allogeneic Hct ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
History Of

Abstract Abstract 330 Introduction: Advances in transplantation strategies and supportive care have resulted in a growing number of long-term HCT survivors. In the general U.S. population, cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality, and cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs), including diabetes hypertension and dyslipidemia are well-established modifiers of the risk. There is increasing evidence that HCT survivors may be at risk for CVRFs that can potentially result in an increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity. However, there is a paucity of knowledge regarding the magnitude of risk and associated risk factors for CVRFs after HCT, and the role these CVRFs play in the subsequent development of cardiovascular disease such as stroke, myocardial infarction, and congestive heart failure, in long-term survivors of HCT. Methods: A retrospective cohort study design was used to describe the cumulative incidence of CVRFs and cardiovascular disease in 1+year survivors of HCT, taking into consideration the competing risk of death. Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was used to calculate relative risk (RR) estimates and 95% confidence intervals (CI), adjusted for relevant covariates. Definition of CVRFs was per the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III criteria. Survivors taking immunosuppressant medication for management of graft vs. host disease (GvHD) at the time of CVRF diagnosis were excluded from the regression analysis. Cardiovascular disease was defined per the American College of Cardiology established case definitions. Results: 2041 consecutive one-year survivors who underwent HCT for hematologic malignancies between 1995 and 2004 at City of Hope were included in the analysis. Median age at HCT was 44.1 years (0.6–78.9); 57.6% were female; 62.5% were non-Hispanic white and 24.5% were Hispanic; 41% underwent allogeneic HCT; 26.5% of allogeneic HCT survivors had a history of chronic GvHD; 49.9% received total body irradiation (TBI). Cardiovascular risk factors: After 12,551 person-years of follow-up, the 10-year cumulative incidence of diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia was 16.8%, 36.1% and 43.5%, respectively; 10-year cumulative incidence for multiple (2+) CVRFs was 29.5%. The cumulative incidence of CVRFs was significantly higher for allogeneic HCT recipients (Table). Multivariate analysis adjusted for gender, race/ethnicity, diagnosis, and conditioning-related exposures, revealed older age at HCT and obesity to be risk factors for all three CVRFs. Allogeneic HCT survivors with a history of chronic GvHD were at highest risk for diabetes (RR=32.4, 95% CI: 16.6–63.2, p<0.01), hypertension (RR=12.0, 95% CI: 5.5–26.1, p<0.01), and dyslipidemia (RR=7.2, 95% CI: 4.2–12.3, p<0.01) when compared to autologous HCT recipients. Cardiovascular disease occurred in 117 individuals, at a median 3.8 years following HCT (range 0.1–13.9). The 10-year cumulative incidence of cardiovascular disease was 7.4%, and was highest among survivors with multiple CVRFs (10.9% vs. 5.9% in those with <2 CVRFs, p=0.02). Furthermore, survivors with multiple CVRFs were at 1.8-fold risk (95% CI: 1.1–3.3, p=0.04) of subsequently developing cardiovascular disease when compared to survivors with <2 CVRFs. Conclusions: Allogeneic HCT survivors are at a substantially increased risk for CVRFs following HCT, and chronic GvHD and/or its treatment are critical modifiers of this risk. Survivors with multiple CVRFs are at highest risk for development of cardiovascular disease following HCT. These findings provide rationale for close monitoring and aggressive interventions for this high-risk population in order to reduce cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

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