scholarly journals Testicular Adrenal Rest Tumors Develop Independently of Long-Term Disease Control: A Longitudinal Analysis of 50 Adult Men With Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia due to Classic 21-Hydroxylase Deficiency

2013 ◽  
Vol 98 (11) ◽  
pp. E1820-E1826 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole Reisch ◽  
Marietta Rottenkolber ◽  
Anais Greifenstein ◽  
Nils Krone ◽  
Heinrich Schmidt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia ◽  
Longitudinal Analysis ◽  
Adrenal Hyperplasia ◽  
Hydroxylase Deficiency ◽  
Adult Men ◽  
Testicular Adrenal Rest Tumors ◽  
Adrenal Rest ◽  
21 Hydroxylase Deficiency ◽  
Testicular Adrenal Rest

scholarly journals Fertility, sexuality and testicular adrenal rest tumors in adult males with congenital adrenal hyperplasia

2012 ◽  
Vol 166 (3) ◽  
pp. 441-449 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henrik Falhammar ◽  
Helena Filipsson Nyström ◽  
Urban Ekström ◽  
Seth Granberg ◽  
Anna Wedell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Sperm Concentration ◽  
Inhibin B ◽  
Adrenal Hyperplasia ◽  
Hydroxylase Deficiency ◽  
Testicular Adrenal Rest Tumors ◽  
Adrenal Rest ◽  
21 Hydroxylase Deficiency ◽  
Testicular Adrenal Rest

ObjectiveFertility in males with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is reported from normal to severely impaired. Therefore, we investigated fertility/fecundity, social/sexual situation, and pituitary–gonadal function in CAH males.Subjects and methodsThe patient cohort comprised 30 males, aged 19–67 years, with 21-hydroxylase deficiency. Their fertility was compared with age-matched national population data. For the evaluation of social/sexual factors and hormone status, age-matched controls were recruited (n=32). Subgroups of different ages (<30 years and older) and CYP21A2 genotypes (null (severe salt-wasting (SW)), I2splice (milder SW), and I172N (simple virilizing)) were also studied. Patients underwent testicular ultrasound examination (n=21) and semen analysis (n=14).ResultsFertility was impaired in CAH males compared with national data (0.9±1.3 vs 1.8±0.5 children/father, P<0.001). There were no major differences in social and sexual factors between patients and controls apart from more fecundity problems, particularly in the I172N group. The patients had lower testosterone/estradiol (E2) ratio and inhibin B, and higher FSH. The semen samples were pathological in 43% (6/14) of patients and sperm concentration correlated with inhibin B and FSH. Testicular adrenal rest tumors (TARTs) were found in 86% (18/21). Functional testicular volume correlated positively with the testosterone/E2 ratio, sperm concentration, and inhibin B. Patients with pathological semen had increased fat mass and indications of increased cardiometabolic risk.ConclusionsFertility/fecundity was impaired in CAH males. The frequent occurrence of TARTs resulting in testicular insufficiency appears to be the major cause, but other factors such as elevated fat mass may contribute to a low semen quality.

scholarly journals Case Report:clinical experience of bilateral giant pediatric Testicular adrenal rest tumors with 3 Beta-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase-2 family history

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lingyun Yu ◽  
Pengyu Chen ◽  
Wenbin Zhu ◽  
Junjie Sun ◽  
Shoulin Li
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia ◽  
Tumor Size ◽  
Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase ◽  
Endocrine Treatment ◽  
Adrenal Hyperplasia ◽  
Hydroxylase Deficiency ◽  
Testicular Adrenal Rest Tumors ◽  
Adrenal Rest ◽  
21 Hydroxylase Deficiency ◽  
Testicular Adrenal Rest

Abstract Background We reported a patient with Testicular adrenal rest tumors(TARTs) caused by congenital adrenal hyperplasia(CAH). TARTs occur frequently in CAH population with 21-hydroxylase deficiency(21-OHD). There are few reports of TARTs with 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase deficiency-2 (3β-2HSD).Furthermore,gaint TARTs are rarely mentioned in reported cases involving affected siblings. Case presentation A 14-year-old male patient was admitted by congenital adrenal hyperplasia with progressively increasing bilateral testicular masses.The Patient and his elder brother had been performed mutational and chromosome analysis and biopsy. Hormonal and anthropometric measurements were performed during endocrine treatments. We successfully performed surgery and excised two 83mm×46mm×44mm and 74mm×49mm×31mm tumors. Our pathology and immunochemistry tests have proven TARTs in patient. At first, both siblings received regular doses of hydrocortisone and fludrocortisones and tumor size regressed. During the one-year irregular intake due to Covid-19 pandemic, endocrine treatment became insensitive and tumor size slowly increased. The gene analysis reported two novel mutations C.776 C>T and C.674 T>A. The C.776 C>T is from father and has been reported. The C.674 T>A inherited from mother and cannot found in gene library and may related to TARTs. Conclusions This case illustrates inadequate hormone therapy could cause tumor enlargement. It is essential to seek for ultrasound examination once suspected scrotal mass occurred.It is necessary to adjust endocrine medicine or adopt surgery in refractory gaint TARTs. And presence of tunica vaginalis cavity may indicate the severity of TARTs in surgery.

scholarly journals Absence of Testicular Adrenal Rest Tumors in Newborns, Infants, and Toddlers with Classical Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mimi S. Kim ◽  
Christina M. Koppin ◽  
Pankhuri Mohan ◽  
Fariba Goodarzian ◽  
Heather M. Ross ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia ◽  
Hormonal Control ◽  
Adrenal Hyperplasia ◽  
Hydroxylase Deficiency ◽  
Young Males ◽  
Testicular Adrenal Rest Tumors ◽  
17 Hydroxyprogesterone ◽  
Adrenal Rest ◽  
21 Hydroxylase Deficiency ◽  
Testicular Adrenal Rest

AbstractINTRODUCTIONTesticular adrenal rest tumors (TART) are a known consequence for males with classical congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency. TART are associated with potential infertility in adults. However, little is known about TART in very young males with CAH.OBJECTIVEWe assessed the prevalence of TART in newborn, infant, and toddler males with classical CAH via scrotal ultrasound.METHODSMales with CAH had scrotal ultrasounds during the first 4 years of life, evaluating testes for morphology, blood flow, and presence of TART. Newborn screen 17-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP) and serum 17-OHP at the time of ultrasound were recorded. Bone ages were considered very advanced if ≥ 2SD above chronological age.RESULTSThirty-one ultrasounds in 16 males were performed. An initial ultrasound was obtained in four newborns at diagnosis (6.8 ±2.1 days), six infants (2.2 ±0.9 months), and six toddlers (2.4 ±0.9 years). Eleven males had at least one repeat ultrasound. A large proportion (11/16) were in poor hormonal control with an elevated 17-OHP (325 ±298 nmol/L). One infant was in very poor hormonal control (17-OHP 447 nmol/L) at initial ultrasound, and two toddlers had advanced bone ages (+3.2 and +4.5 SD) representing exposure to postnatal androgens. However, no TART were detected in any subjects.CONCLUSIONSTART were not found in males up to 4 years of age with classical CAH despite settings with expected high ACTH drive. Further research into the occurrence of TART in CAH may elucidate factors which contribute to the detection and individual predisposition to TART.

scholarly journals Restoration of fertility by gonadotropin replacement in a man with hypogonadotropic azoospermia and testicular adrenal rest tumors due to untreated simple virilizing congenital adrenal hyperplasia

2014 ◽  
Vol 170 (4) ◽  
pp. K11-K17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Rohayem ◽  
Frank Tüttelmann ◽  
Con Mallidis ◽  
Eberhard Nieschlag ◽  
Sabine Kliesch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia ◽  
Adrenal Hyperplasia ◽  
Hydroxylase Deficiency ◽  
Testosterone Levels ◽  
Testosterone Production ◽  
Testicular Adrenal Rest Tumors ◽  
Simple Virilizing ◽  
Adrenal Rest ◽  
21 Hydroxylase Deficiency ◽  
Testicular Adrenal Rest

ContextClassical congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH), a genetic disorder characterized by 21-hydroxylase deficiency, impairs male fertility, if insufficiently treated.PatientA 30-year-old male was referred to our clinic for endocrine and fertility assessment after undergoing unilateral orchiectomy for a suspected testicular tumor. Histopathological evaluation of the removed testis revealed atrophy and testicular adrenal rest tumors (TARTs) and raised the suspicion of underlying CAH. The remaining testis was also atrophic (5 ml) with minor TARTs. Serum 17-hydroxyprogesterone levels were elevated, cortisol levels were at the lower limit of normal range, and gonadotropins at prepubertal levels, but serum testosterone levels were within the normal adult range. Semen analysis revealed azoospermia. CAH was confirmed by a homozygous mutation g.655A/C>G (IVS2-13A/C>G) inCYP21A2. Hydrocortisone (24 mg/m2) administered to suppress ACTH and adrenal androgen overproduction unmasked deficient testicular testosterone production. As azoospermia persisted due to sustained hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, a combined s.c. gonadotropin replacement with human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) (1500 IU twice weekly) and FSH (human menopausal gondadotropin (hMG) 150 IU three times weekly) was initiated.ResultsNormalization of testosterone levels and a stable low sperm concentration (0.5 mill/ml) with good sperm motility (85% A+B progressive) were achieved within 21 months of treatment. Despite persisting TARTs, while receiving treatment, the patient successfully impregnated his wife twice, the latter impregnation leading to the birth of a healthy girl.ConclusionsTARTs in unrecognized (simple virilizing) CAH may lead to unnecessary orchiectomy. In hypogonadotropic, azoospermic CAH, a combined treatment with oral corticosteroids and subcutaneously administered hCG and FSH can successfully restore testicular testosterone production and fertility, even if only one hypoplastic and atrophic testis with adrenal rest tumors is present.

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