scholarly journals Functional Significance of Polycystic-Size Ovaries in Healthy Adolescents

2006 ◽  
Vol 91 (10) ◽  
pp. 3786-3790 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica Mortensen ◽  
Robert L. Rosenfield ◽  
Elizabeth Littlejohn
Keyword(s):  
Functional Significance ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Carrier State ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Androgen Excess ◽  
Clinical Research Center ◽  
General Clinical Research Center ◽  
Pcos Group ◽  
17 Hydroxyprogesterone ◽  
Gynecological Age

Abstract Context: The relevance of adult polycystic ovary criteria to adolescence is unclear. Objective: The objective was to determine the functional significance of polycystic-size ovaries (PSO) in healthy adolescents. Design/Setting/Participants/Interventions: Healthy 11- to 18-yr-old postmenarcheal volunteers (n = 22) were recruited and divided into groups with normal size ovaries (VNSO; n = 10) or a polycystic-size ovary (VPSO; n = 12). They were secondarily compared with adolescents with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS; n = 8) matched for gynecological age and a PSO. All underwent GnRH agonist (GnRHag), oral glucose tolerance, and ACTH1–24 testing in our General Clinical Research Center. Results: VPSO had a higher peak 17-hydroxyprogesterone (17PROG) response to GnRHag than VNSO (146 ± 14 ng/dl, mean ± sem, vs. 85 ± 11; P = 0.008), as well as larger ovaries (13.3 ± 0.7 cc vs. 8.5 ± 0.8 cc). VPSO peak 17PROG was elevated (>137 ng/dl) in 42% (5 of 12). However, VPSO and VNSO androgen levels were similar, with the exception of one VPSO subject who had hyperandrogenemia and thus met criteria for PCOS. VPSO were similar to VNSO in LH, FSH, estradiol, and adrenal androgenic function. Although the VPSO group resembled the PCOS group in their 17PROG response to the GnRHag test, they differed in having significantly smaller ovaries and lower body mass index and in lacking evidence of peripheral androgen excess and of insulin resistance. Conclusion: A PSO in asymptomatic adolescents seems typically to be a normal variant. However, about half have a subclinical PCOS type of ovarian dysfunction; it is unknown whether this indicates a genetic carrier state or a risk for anovulation.

scholarly journals THYROID DISORDERS AND POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME Dr. B S Meena1, Dr. Neeta Meena2

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
B S Meena ◽  
Neeta Meena
Keyword(s):  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Thyroid Disorders ◽  
Free T4 ◽  
Androgen Excess ◽  
Group V ◽  
Medical College ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Pcos Group

Background: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is the most common form of chronic anovulation associated with androgen excess; perhaps occurring in 5-10% of reproductive women.  Methods: Observational study done in the Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, SMS Medical College, Jaipur. Forty cases of women with PCOS based on Rotterdam’s criteria and an equal number of age-matched controls (women without PCOS) were included in the study. Results: T4 level was significantly lower in PCOS group with mean free T4 level 0.87 ± 0.75 ng/ml in PCOS group v/s 1.92 ± 0.84 ng/ml in control group (p-value = 0.001). TSH level was significantly higher in PCOS group with mean TSH  level 8.86  ± 7.57 mU/L in PCOS group v/s 3.40 ± 1.21 mU/L in control group (p-value = 0.001) Conclusion: High prevalence of thyroid disorders in PCOS patients thus points towards the importance of early correction of hypothyroidism in the management of infertility associated with PCOS. Keywords: T4, T3, TSH, PCOS

scholarly journals Adrenal Function during Childhood and Puberty in Daughters of Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

2009 ◽  
Vol 94 (9) ◽  
pp. 3282-3288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel Maliqueo ◽  
Teresa Sir-Petermann ◽  
Virginia Pérez ◽  
Bárbara Echiburú ◽  
Amanda Ladrón de Guevara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Pubertal Development ◽  
Bone Age ◽  
Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Adrenal Function ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Biochemical Evidence ◽  
17 Hydroxyprogesterone

Context: In some patients, PCOS may develop as a consequence of an exaggerated adrenarche during pubertal development. Objective: The aim of the study was to assess adrenal function during childhood and pubertal development in daughters of women with PCOS (PCOSd). Design: We included 98 PCOSd [64 during childhood (ages 4–8 yr) and 34 during the peripubertal period (ages 9–13 yr)] and 51 daughters of control women (Cd) [30 during childhood and 21 during the peripubertal period]. In both groups, an acute ACTH-(1–24) stimulation test (0.25 mg) and an oral glucose tolerance test were performed. Bone age and serum concentrations of cortisol, androstenedione, 17-hydroxyprogesterone, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), DHEA sulfate (DHEAS), glucose, and insulin were determined. Results: PCOSd and Cd were similar in age and body mass index. During the peripubertal period, basal and poststimulated DHEAS concentrations were higher in PCOSd compared to Cd. Among PCOSd, 12.5% of girls in childhood and 32.4% in peripuberty presented biochemical evidence of exaggerated adrenarche. Stimulated insulin was higher in PCOSd compared to Cd during childhood (P = 0.03) and peripuberty (P = 0.03). An advancement of 8 months between bone and chronological age was observed in peripubertal PCOSd compared to Cd. Conclusions: In PCOSd, basal and stimulated DHEAS concentrations were higher during the onset of puberty. Around 30% of the PCOSd demonstrated an exacerbated adrenarche, which may reflect increased P450c17 activity. In addition, a modest advance in bone age was observed, probably secondary to the hyperinsulinemia and/or adrenal hyperandrogenism. Daughters of women with PCOS exhibit increased dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate serum concentrations and biochemical evidence of an exacerbated adrenarche.

Lack of relationship between 17-hydroxyprogesterone response to buserelin testing and hyperinsulinemia in polycystic ovary syndrome

1997 ◽  
Vol 136 (4) ◽  
pp. 410-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yilmaz Şahin ◽  
Demet Ayata ◽  
Fahrettin Keleştimur
Keyword(s):  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Gnrh Agonist ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Insulin Response ◽  
Prospective Clinical Study ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Fasting Insulin ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
C Peptide ◽  
17 Hydroxyprogesterone

Abstract Objective: To determine whether hyperinsulinism affects cytochrome P450c 17α activity by investigating the correlation between 17–hydroxyprogesterone (17–OHP) hyper-responsiveness to the gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist, buserelin, and the insulin response to oral glucose in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Design: Ultrasound, clinical and hormonal parameters were used to define PCOS in this prospective clinical study. We investigated the correlation between the 17–OHP response to buserelin testing and the insulin response to oral glucose in PCOS. Methods: Twenty-eight women with PCOS and eighteen normal women were included in the study. 17–OHP response to buserelin, and insulin and C–peptide responses to oral glucose were measured. Results: Twenty–live women with PCOS had an increased 17–OHP response. The PCOS patients showed significantly higher mean post–glucose load insulin and C–peptide levels than controls (P<0·05). No significant correlations were found between basal 17–OHP and fasting insulin or fasting C–peptide, between peak 17–OHP and fasting insulin, peak insulin or peak C–peptide, between 17–OHP area under the curve (AUC) and insulin AUC or C–peptide AUC, and between percent increment in 17–OHP and insulin AUC or C–peptide AUC (P >0·05). Conclusions: Lack of a relationship between the 17–OHP response to the GnRH agonist buserelin and hyperinsulinism suggests that hyperinsulinism may not play a role in the dysregulation of the cytochrome P450c17α enzyme seen in PCOS. European Journal of Endocrinology 136 410–415

scholarly journals Clinical Evidence for Predominance of Delta-5 Steroid Production in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

2011 ◽  
Vol 96 (4) ◽  
pp. 1106-1113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcus A. Rosencrantz ◽  
Mickey S. Coffler ◽  
Annette Haggan ◽  
Kimberly B. Duke ◽  
Michael C. Donohue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Academic Medical Center ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Clinical Research Center ◽  
Normal Women ◽  
17 Hydroxyprogesterone ◽  
A Prospective Study

Abstract Context: In women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), the basis for ovarian androgen overproduction involves an overall increase of steroidogenesis, notably in the delta-4 pathway. However, in vitro studies have suggested that excessive androgen production occurs predominantly through the delta-5 pathway. Objective: This study was performed to assess androgen dose-responses after human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) stimulation in PCOS and normal women. Design: We conducted a prospective study to compare androgen production after iv hCG in PCOS and normal women. Setting: The study was conducted in a General Clinical Research Center in an academic medical center. Participants: Women with PCOS (age, 18–37 yr; n = 10) and normal ovulatory controls (age, 18–37 yr; n = 11) were recruited. Interventions: For dose-response studies, blood samples were obtained before and at 0.5, 24, and 48 h after iv recombinant hCG (1, 10, 25, 100, and 250 μg). A subset of subjects underwent frequent blood sampling over 24 h after iv injection of 25 μg of recombinant hCG. Main Outcome Measure(s): We measured basal and stimulated serum 17-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP), androstenedione (A), testosterone (T), dehydroepiandrosterone, estradiol, and progesterone responses after hCG administration. Results: In PCOS women, maximal A and T production was observed at the lowest doses of hCG, whereas responses were minimal in normal women. Incremental responses of 17-OHP, estradiol, and progesterone were greater in PCOS compared to normal women. Conclusion: In PCOS women, maximal A and T responses to hCG relative to those of 17-OHP are consistent with ovarian androgen overproduction via the delta-5 pathway.

Evaluation of Ovaries in Patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome using Shear Wave Elastography

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 578-583
Author(s):  
Aysegul Altunkeser ◽  
Zeynep Ozturk Inal ◽  
Nahide Baran
Keyword(s):  
Shear Wave ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Shear Wave Elastography ◽  
Left Ovary ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tissue Elasticity ◽  
Group I ◽  
Pcos Group ◽  
The Right

Background: Shear wave electrography (SWE) is a novel non-invasive imaging technique which demonstrate tissue elasticity. Recent research evaluating the elasticity properties of normal and pathological tissues emphasize the diagnostic importance of this technique. Aims: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), which is characterized by menstrual irregularity, hyperandrogenism, and polycystic overgrowth, may cause infertility. The aim of this study was to evaluate the elasticity of ovaries in patients with PCOS using SWE. Methods: 66 patients diagnosed with PCOS according to the Rotterdam criteria (PCOS = group I) and 72 patients with non-PCOS (Control = group II), were included in the study. Demographic and clinical characteristics of the participants were recorded. Ovarian elasticity was assessed in all patients with SWE, and speed values were obtained from the ovaries. The elasticity of the ovaries was compared between the two groups. Results: While there were statistically significant differences between the groups in body mass index (BMI), right and left ovarian volumes, luteinizing hormone and testosterone levels (p<0.05), no significant differences were found between groups I and II in the velocity (for the right ovary 3.89±1.81 vs. 2.93±0.72, p=0.301; for the left ovary 2.88±0.65 vs. 2.95±0.80, p=0.577) and elastography (for the right ovary 36.62±17.78 vs. 36.79±14.32, p=0.3952; for the left ovary 36.56±14.15 vs. 36.26±15.10, p=0.903) values, respectively. Conclusion: We could not obtain different velocity and elastography values from the ovaries of the patients with PCOS using SWE. Therefore, further large-scale studies are needed to elucidate this issue.

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