scholarly journals Diencephalic Syndrome due to Hypothalamic Tumor: A Model of the Relationship between Weight and Puberty Onset

2006 ◽  
Vol 91 (7) ◽  
pp. 2467-2473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raja Brauner ◽  
Christine Trivin ◽  
Michel Zerah ◽  
Jean-Claude Souberbielle ◽  
François Doz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Surgical Resection ◽  
Leptin Receptor ◽  
The Body ◽  
Tumor Treatment ◽  
Presenting Symptoms ◽  
Soluble Leptin Receptor ◽  
Diencephalic Syndrome ◽  
Plasma Leptin ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Context: Changes in body weight, statural growth rate, and puberty may be the presenting symptoms of hypothalamic-pituitary tumors. Objective: The objective of the study was to assess the relationship between the tumor and its treatment and the weight, growth rate, and onset of puberty, using the diencephalic syndrome of emaciation as model. Patients: Eleven patients seen before 1 yr of age, except one aged 9 yr, for diencephalic syndrome of emaciation due to hypothalamic pilocytic astrocytoma, were treated by surgical resection (n = 9), cranial irradiation (n = 7), and/or chemotherapy (n = 10). Results: At diagnosis, growth rate was normal, despite the emaciation, and there was no hypothalamic-pituitary deficiency, except in the oldest patient. After tumor treatment, all had GH and thyroid-stimulating hormone deficiencies, but only three, who underwent major surgical resection, also had ACTH deficiency and diabetes insipidus. Eight became obese, and all but the oldest had transient precocious puberty. Plasma leptin concentrations were very low at diagnosis, increased after tumor treatment, and decreased transiently in one boy when the testosterone increased. The plasma soluble leptin receptor concentrations changed in the opposite direction, leading to an increase in the free leptin index, including in the three patients whose tumor was reduced without surgery. The body mass index was correlated positively with plasma leptin (rho = 0.73, P = 0.0004) and free leptin index (rho = 0.63, P < 0.004) and negatively with ghrelin (rho = −0.49, P < 0.03) concentrations. Conclusions: The obesity that occurs after treatment of hypothalamic tumors is not due to dysregulation of leptin secretion because it and plasma soluble leptin receptor remain regulated by factors like testosterone. This study also shows the influence of weight, possibly via leptin secretion, on the transient hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal activation that occurs during the first year of life.

Effect of dieting on plasma leptin, soluble leptin receptor, adiponectin and resistin levels in healthy volunteers

2004 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 332-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara E. Wolfe ◽  
David C. Jimerson ◽  
Christine Orlova ◽  
Christos S. Mantzoros
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Leptin Receptor ◽  
Soluble Leptin Receptor ◽  
Plasma Leptin

scholarly journals Leptin fails to blunt the lipopolysaccharide-induced activation of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis in rats

2014 ◽  
Vol 221 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saadia Basharat ◽  
Jennifer A Parker ◽  
Kevin G Murphy ◽  
Stephen R Bloom ◽  
Julia C Buckingham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Hpa Axis ◽  
Leptin Receptor ◽  
Stress Hormones ◽  
Wistar Rat ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Hypothalamic Pituitary Adrenal ◽  
Soluble Leptin Receptor ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Plasma Leptin

Obesity is a risk factor for sepsis morbidity and mortality, whereas the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis plays a protective role in the body's defence against sepsis. Sepsis induces a profound systemic immune response and cytokines serve as excellent markers for sepsis as they act as mediators of the immune response. Evidence suggests that the adipokine leptin may play a pathogenic role in sepsis. Mouse endotoxaemic models present with elevated leptin levels and exogenously added leptin increased mortality whereas human septic patients have elevated circulating levels of the soluble leptin receptor (Ob-Re). Evidence suggests that leptin can inhibit the regulation of the HPA axis. Thus, leptin may suppress the HPA axis, impairing its protective role in sepsis. We hypothesised that leptin would attenuate the HPA axis response to sepsis. We investigated the direct effects of an i.p. injection of 2 mg/kg leptin on the HPA axis response to intraperitoneally injected 25 μg/kg lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the male Wistar rat. We found that LPS potently activated the HPA axis, as shown by significantly increased plasma stress hormones, ACTH and corticosterone, and increased plasma interleukin 1β (IL1β) levels, 2 h after administration. Pre-treatment with leptin, 2 h before LPS administration, did not influence the HPA axis response to LPS. In turn, LPS did not affect plasma leptin levels. Our findings suggest that leptin does not influence HPA function or IL1β secretion in a rat model of LPS-induced sepsis, and thus that leptin is unlikely to be involved in the acute-phase endocrine response to bacterial infection in rats.

scholarly journals Exocrine Pancreatic Function in Girls with Anorexia Nervosa

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 3280
Author(s):  
Żaneta Malczyk ◽  
Wojciech Roczniak ◽  
Bogdan Mazur ◽  
Jarosław Kwiecień ◽  
Katarzyna Ziora ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Leptin Receptor ◽  
Serum Insulin ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Exocrine Pancreatic Function ◽  
Exocrine Function ◽  
Time To Peak ◽  
Soluble Leptin Receptor ◽  
Pancreatic Exocrine ◽  
The Relationship

Objectives: To assess pancreatic exocrine function in patients with anorexia nervosa using a breath test with 13C-labeled mixed triglycerides (MTG-BT) and to determine the relationship between the test results and selected biochemical and hormonal parameters. Material and methods: Anthropometric measurements, biochemical and hormonal parameters (serum leptin, soluble leptin receptor (sLR), acylated and desacylated ghrelin, free leptin index (FLI)), and MTG-BT were performed in a group of 31 girls with the restrictive type of AN, as well as 38 healthy girls (C). Results: The average cumulative dose of 13C-triglycerides recovered with exhaled air (%CD) was similar in both study groups, while the average time from 13C-triglycerides administration to peak 13CO2 excretion in expired air (time to peak (TTP)) was significantly longer in patients with AN compared to C. In both groups, %CD correlated negatively with FLI. TTP correlated negatively with sLR and FLI in the AN and with serum insulin and HOMA-IR values in the C. Conclusions: In girls with AN, the pancreatic efficiency of lipase secretion was found to be normal, while the kinetics of this enzyme secretion were disturbed. These changes may result from disorders in the functioning of the adipose–insular and islet–acinar axes.

Leptin responsiveness and gene dosage for leptin receptor mutation (fa) in newborn rats

1999 ◽  
Vol 276 (5) ◽  
pp. E836-E842 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanne Kraeft ◽  
Knut Schwarzer ◽  
Sandra Eiden ◽  
Barbara Nuesslein-Hildesheim ◽  
Gerald Preibisch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Fat ◽  
Leptin Receptor ◽  
Gene Dosage ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
The Body ◽  
Newborn Rats ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Rat Pups ◽  
Body Fat Content ◽  
Plasma Leptin

To determine the degree to which the leptin receptor mutation ( fa) influences the responsiveness to leptin during the first postnatal week, we injected recombinant leptin (600 pmol ⋅ g−1 ⋅ day−1sc from day 1 to day 7) into wild-type (+/+), heterozygous (+/ fa), and fatty ( fa/fa) rat pups. Growth and final body fat content of these leptin-treated pups were compared with those of saline-treated littermates of the same genotype. The body mass of the leptin-treated +/+ pups, but not that of the +/ fa and fa/fa pups, increased more slowly than that of their respective controls, and fat content at day 7was reduced by 37% in +/+ pups, by 22% in +/ fa pups, but not at all in fa/fa pups. Plasma leptin remained excessively high throughout the day under this treatment, but a 30-fold lower leptin dose, causing only moderate changes of plasma leptin, still reduced the body fat of +/+ pups significantly. We conclude that leptin participates in the control of even the earliest stages of fat deposition and that the response to supraphysiological doses of leptin is markedly reduced in 1-wk-old pups with one fa allele and absent in pups with two fa alleles.

Effect of valproic acid treatment on body composition, leptin and soluble leptin receptor in epileptic children

2006 ◽  
Vol 37 (06) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Rauchenzauner ◽  
E Haberlandt ◽  
S Scholl-Bürgi ◽  
D Karall ◽  
E Schönherr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Valproic Acid ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Acid Treatment ◽  
Leptin Receptor ◽  
Soluble Leptin Receptor ◽  
Epileptic Children

The use of Body Surface Index as a Better Clinical Health indicators Compare to Body Mass Index and Body Surface Area for Clinical Application

2018 ◽  
pp. 131-136
Author(s):  
Shirazu I. ◽  
Theophilus. A. Sackey ◽  
Elvis K. Tiburu ◽  
Mensah Y. B. ◽  
Forson A.
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Body Surface Area ◽  
Clinical Application ◽  
Body Surface ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Parameters ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Individual Body

The relationship between body height and body weight has been described by using various terms. Notable among them is the body mass index, body surface area, body shape index and body surface index. In clinical setting the first descriptive parameter is the BMI scale, which provides information about whether an individual body weight is proportionate to the body height. Since the development of BMI, two other body parameters have been developed in an attempt to determine the relationship between body height and weight. These are the body surface area (BSA) and body surface index (BSI). Generally, these body parameters are described as clinical health indicators that described how healthy an individual body response to the other internal organs. The aim of the study is to discuss the use of BSI as a better clinical health indicator for preclinical assessment of body-organ/tissue relationship. Hence organ health condition as against other body composition. In addition the study is `also to determine the best body parameter the best predict other parameters for clinical application. The model parameters are presented as; modeled height and weight; modelled BSI and BSA, BSI and BMI and modeled BSA and BMI. The models are presented as clinical application software for comfortable working process and designed as GUI and CAD for use in clinical application.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document