scholarly journals Increase of Estrogen Dose Deteriorates Mood during Progestin Phase in Sequential Hormonal Therapy

2003 ◽  
Vol 88 (5) ◽  
pp. 2026-2030 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inger Björn ◽  
Inger Sundström-Poromaa ◽  
Marie Bixo ◽  
Sigrid Nyberg ◽  
Gunnel Bäckström ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hormonal Therapy ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Negative Mood ◽  
Positive Mood ◽  
Physical Symptoms ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Mood Symptoms ◽  
Estrogen Dose ◽  
Mood Effects ◽  
History Of

Previous studies have indicated that the addition of progestins during sequential hormonal replacement therapy (HRT) causes negative mood and physical symptoms. History of premenstrual syndrome, type of progestin, and dose of progestin have thus far been shown to influence the progestin-induced adverse mood symptoms during HRT. The aim of this study was to compare adverse mood effects of two different doses of estradiol, in combination with a progestin, during postmenopausal HRT. Twenty-eight perimenopausal women were included in this randomized, double-blind, crossover study comparing 2- or 3-mg continuous estradiol, with an addition of 10 mg medroxyprogesterone acetate on d 17–28 during each treatment cycle. The main outcome measures were mood and physical symptoms kept on a daily rating scale. Together with the progestin, the higher dose of estrogen caused significantly more negative mood symptoms than the lower dose. Tension, irritability, and depressed mood were all significantly augmented during the progestin phase of cycles with 3 mg estradiol (P < 0.001). Physical symptoms also increased during the progestin phase of 3-mg estradiol cycles (P < 0.001), whereas positive mood symptoms were less affected. The only positive mood that changed with estrogen dose was friendliness, which decreased during the progestin phase of high estradiol cycles compared with cycles with lower estradiol (P < 0.05). Our conclusion is that an increase of the estrogen dose accentuates negative mood and physical symptoms during the progestin phase of sequential hormonal therapy.

scholarly journals Progesterone effects during sequential hormone replacement therapy

2003 ◽  
pp. 571-577 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Andreen ◽  
M Bixo ◽  
S Nyberg ◽  
I Sundstrom-Poromaa ◽  
T Backstrom
Keyword(s):  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Hormone Replacement ◽  
Negative Mood ◽  
Physical Symptoms ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Symptom Ratings ◽  
Mood Effects ◽  
History Of ◽  
Natural Progesterone

OBJECTIVE: The aim was to investigate the effect on mood and the physical symptoms of two dosages of natural progesterone and a placebo in postmenopausal women with and without a history of premenstrual syndrome (PMS). DESIGN: A randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, crossover study was performed. METHOD: Postmenopausal women (n=36) with climacteric symptoms were recruited. They received 2 mg estradiol continuously during three 28-day cycles. Vaginal progesterone suppositories with 800 mg/day, 400 mg/day, or placebo were added sequentially for 14 days per cycle. Daily symptom ratings using a validated rating scale were kept. RESULTS: Women without a history of PMS showed cyclicity in both negative mood and physical symptoms while on 400 mg/day progesterone but not on the higher dose or the placebo. Women without a history of PMS had more physical symptoms on progesterone treatment compared with placebo. Women with prior PMS reported no progesterone-induced symptom cyclicity. CONCLUSION: In women without prior PMS natural progesterone caused negative mood effects similar to those induced by synthetic progestogens.

Mood and the Perception of Sexual Interest in Different Cultural Contexts: A Comparison Between a Malaysian and a Swiss Sample

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (7) ◽  
pp. 1144-1161
Author(s):  
Pei Hwa Goh ◽  
Peter Lucas Stoeckli ◽  
Dominik Schoebi
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Sexual Interest ◽  
Negative Mood ◽  
Positive Mood ◽  
Social Harmony ◽  
Interaction Partners ◽  
Mood Effects ◽  
Sexual Perception ◽  
Mood And Cognition

The current study examined, on the basis of past findings and theories on mood and cognition, whether people’s perception of sexual interest from others would decrease when they are in a negative mood and increase when they are in a positive mood. Using repeated-measures experiments, university students in Switzerland ( n = 117) and Malaysia ( n = 117) underwent mood inducement procedures followed by participation in video-guided imagined interactions, where they judged the sexual interest of their interaction partners. Results revealed a dampening effect of negative mood on sexual perceptions in the Swiss sample. No significant mood differences in sexual perception were found in the Malaysian sample. Our results suggest that this sample difference may be associated with differences in endorsement of cultural values. The more people valued social harmony and stability, the less likely they were to succumb to mood effects on sexual perception.

scholarly journals Happy Believers and Sad Skeptics? Affective Influences on Gullibility

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 306-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph P. Forgas
Keyword(s):  
Negative Mood ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Positive Mood ◽  
Stimulus Information ◽  
Misleading Information ◽  
Mood Effects ◽  
Detection Of Deception ◽  
Series Of Experiments ◽  
Affective Influences ◽  
Practical Implications

How does affect influence gullibility? After a brief consideration of the nature of gullibility, I describe a series of experiments that explored the prediction that in situations in which close attention to stimulus information is required, negative mood can reduce gullibility and positive mood can increase gullibility. The experiments examined mood effects on truth judgments, vulnerability to misleading information, the tendency to uncritically accept interpersonal messages, the detection of deception, and the tendency to see meaning in random or meaningless information. In all of these domains, positive mood promoted gullibility and negative mood reduced it. The practical and theoretical significance of these convergent findings are discussed, and the practical implications of affectively induced gullibility in real-life domains are considered.

scholarly journals The Answer Is in the Question? Mood Effects on Processing Verbal Information and Impression Formation

2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 578-590 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Matovic ◽  
Joseph P. Forgas
Keyword(s):  
Significant Influence ◽  
Impression Formation ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Mood Induction ◽  
Negative Mood ◽  
Positive Mood ◽  
Verbal Information ◽  
Linguistic Information ◽  
Question Format ◽  
Mood Effects

Can good or bad mood influence how people process verbal information about others? Based on affect-cognition theories, this experiment predicted and found that the way a question is phrased has a greater influence on impressions than actual answers when judges are experiencing a negative rather than a neutral or positive mood. After an audiovisual mood induction, participants witnessed interview questions and responses by two target characters. The same level of extroversion was communicated, either by affirmative responses to questions about extraversion, or by negative responses to questions about introversion. Question format had a significant influence on impressions in negative mood but not in neutral or positive mood. The implications of these results for interpreting linguistic information in everyday social life are considered, and their relevance to contemporary affect-cognition theorizing is discussed.

scholarly journals 39 Long-term Safety and Tolerability of Once-Daily Valbenazine in Patients with Tardive Dyskinesia

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 196-196
Author(s):  
Stephen R. Marder ◽  
Martha Sajatovic ◽  
Dan Michel ◽  
Joshua Burke ◽  
Khody Farahmand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Once Daily ◽  
Lifetime History ◽  
Psychiatric Status ◽  
History Of ◽  
Drug Free

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the long-term safety and tolerability of once-dailyvalbenazine in adults with tardive dyskinesia(TD).MethodsData were pooled from KINECT 3 (NCT02274558: 6-week double-blind placebo-controlled period, followed by a 42-week double-blind extension and 4-week drug-free washout) and KINECT 4 (NCT02405091: 48-week open-label treatment period and 4-week drug-free washout). KINECT 3/4 study completers could enroll in a subsequent rollover study (NCT02736955: up to 72weeks of open-label treatment or until valbenazine became commercial available); data from this study were described separately for this analysis. Valbenazine dose groups (40 and 80mg) were pooled for analysis. Safety assessments included treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and the Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale (C-SSRS). Psychiatric status was assessed in KINECT 3 and KINECT 4 using the following measures: Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) total score and Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia (CDSS) in participants with schizophrenia/schizoaffective disorder; Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) and Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) in participants with a mood disorder.ResultsAnalyses included 304 KINECT 3/4 participants and 160 rollover participants. In KINECT 3/4, the summary of TEAEs was as follows: any TEAE (71.7%), serious TEAE (16.8%), and discontinuation due to TEAE (15.5%). TEAEs reported in ≥5% of all KINECT 3/4 participants were headache (8.9%), urinary tract infection (8.9%), somnolence (7.9%), fatigue (6.3%), dizziness (5.9%), and suicidal ideation (5.6%). The summary of TEAEs from the rollover study was as follows: any TEAE (53.1%), serious TEAE (10.0%), and discontinuation due to TEAE (5.6%). The most common TEAEs in the rollover study were back pain and urinary tract infection (4.4%, each); no TEAE was reported in ≥5% of participants. Minimal changes in psychiatric status were observed in KINECT 3/4, as indicated by mean score changes from baseline to Week 48 in participants with schizophrenia/schizoaffective disorder (PANSS total, –3.2; CDSS total, –0.5) or a mood disorder (MADRS total, 0.3; YMRS total, –1.0). Over one-third of study participants had a lifetime history of suicidal ideation or behavior (KINECT 3/4, 41%; rollover, 38%). Most participants had no C-SSRS suicidal ideation at study baseline; of these, >90% had no emergence of suicidal ideation at any time during the study (KINECT 3/4, 93% [276/296]; rollover, 98% [153/156]).ConclusionsValbenazine was well tolerated and no unexpected safety signals were found in adults who received >1 year of once-daily treatment. Psychiatric stability was maintained, and few participants experienced any emergence of suicidal ideation during the studies despite 35–40% having a lifetime history of suicidality. These results indicate that once-daily valbenazine may be an appropriate treatment for the long-term management of TD.Funding Acknowledgements: Neurocrine Biosciences, Inc.

scholarly journals The relation between EEG prefrontal asymmetry and subjective feelings of mood following 24 hours of sleep deprivation

2006 ◽  
Vol 64 (2b) ◽  
pp. 382-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camila Ferreira ◽  
Andréa Deslandes ◽  
Helena Moraes ◽  
Maurício Cagy ◽  
Luiz Fernando Basile ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Negative Mood ◽  
Eeg Asymmetry ◽  
Cerebral Lateralization ◽  
Frontal Electrode ◽  
Mood Effects ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Relationship

Several studies have investigated the relationship between asymmetrical EEG activity over the frontal cortex and mood. This study aimed at investigating the association between state fluctuations in frontal alpha EEG asymmetry and state changes followed by 24 h of sleep deprivation (SD). Our results show that sleep deprivation caused a significant alteration in the asymmetry values. Activation shifted from the left hemisphere, before SD, to the right hemisphere, after SD, in all frontal electrode pairs. In addition, according to the self-rating scale of SD-related mood effects, subjects became significantly less alerted and active, and sleepier. According to these results, increased right prefrontal activation might be potentially associated with the negative mood states typically seen after sleep deprivation, although the causal relationship is still uncertain. However, more studies will be necessary to establish the viability of EEG asymmetry and the cerebral lateralization hypothesis to explain the SD-related affective changes.

scholarly journals Clomipramine and fluoxetine effects in the treatment of panic disorder

2003 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 27-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Semra Čavaljuga ◽  
Ifeta Ličanin ◽  
Elvedina Kapić ◽  
Dubravka Potkonjak
Keyword(s):  
Panic Disorder ◽  
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Panic Attacks ◽  
Duration Of Treatment ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Psychiatric Interview ◽  
Favourable Response ◽  
Double Blind Clinical Trial ◽  
History Of

Panic disorder (PD) is an acute psychobiologic reaction manifested by intense anxiety and panic attacks, that occur unpredictably with subjective sense of intense apprehension or terror, accompanied by temporary loss of the ability to plan, think, or reason and the intense desire to escape or flee the situation. Panic attacks may last from a few seconds to an hour or longer, Symptoms typically include, among others, palpitations, tachycardia, hypertension, chest pain, dyspnoea, and fear of loosing control or going crazy and vague feeling of imminent doom or death. Since pharmacotherapy of PD includes the administration of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and tricyclic antidepressants, the objective of this study was to perform a pilot double blind clinical trial designed to compare the effects of two studied drugs in the treatment of PD.A total number of 40 patients with a history of panic disorder were randomly assigned into two groups of 20 patients each. Hamilton anxiety rating scale and Standard Psychiatric Interview were methods for PD assessment. One group was treated with clomipramine hydrochloride (ANAFRANIL®) 75 mg/day and the other with fluoxetine (OXETIN®) 60 mg/day. Both drugs were administrated by mouth (PO) two times-a-day in equally divided doses for 6 weeks.Both studied agents produced similar antipanic effectiveness. Favourable response was achieved in 95% of patients treated with fluoxetine and 90% of patients treated with clomipramine. The onset of antipanic effects was quicker in all clomipramine treated patients, while fluox-etine produced more-favourable response in male patients. The duration of treatment with both antidepres-sants studied should be at least 10 weeks, instead of 6 weeks.

Weekly Exercise Consistently Reinstates Positive Mood

1998 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 271-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah Steinberg ◽  
Briony R. Nicholls ◽  
Elizabeth A. Sykes ◽  
N. LeBoutillier ◽  
Nerina Ramlakhan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Negative Mood ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Positive Mood ◽  
Field Investigation ◽  
Single Bout ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Exercise Class ◽  
Negative Feelings ◽  
Over Time

Mood improvement immediately after a single bout of exercise is well documented, but less is known about successive and longer term effects. In a “real-life” field investigation, four kinds of exercise class (Beginners, Advanced, Body Funk and Callanetics) met once a week for up to 7 weeks. Before and after each class the members assessed how they felt by completing a questionnaire listing equal numbers of “positive” and “negative” mood words. Subjects who had attended at least five times were included in the analysis, which led to groups consisting of 18, 20, 16, and 16 subjects, respectively. All four kinds of exercise significantly increased positive and decreased negative feelings, and this result was surprisingly consistent in successive weeks. However, exercise seemed to have a much greater effect on positive than on negative moods. The favorable moods induced by each class seemed to have worn off by the following week, to be reinstated by the class itself. In the Callanetics class, positive mood also improved significantly over time. The Callanetics class involved “slower,” more demanding exercises, not always done to music. The Callanetics and Advanced classes also showed significantly greater preexercise negative moods in the first three sessions. However, these differences disappeared following exercise. Possibly, these two groups had become more “tolerant” to the mood-enhancing effects of physical exercise; this may be in part have been due to “exercise addiction.”

The Role of Gender and Sensation Seeking in Film Choice

2008 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 97-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Smita C. Banerjee ◽  
Kathryn Greene ◽  
Marina Krcmar ◽  
Zhanna Bagdasarov ◽  
Dovile Ruginyte
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Sensation Seeking ◽  
Negative Mood ◽  
Positive Mood ◽  
The United States ◽  
High Arousal ◽  
Subject Design ◽  
Happy Mood

This study demonstrates the significance of individual difference factors, particularly gender and sensation seeking, in predicting media choice (examined through hypothetical descriptions of films that participants anticipated they would view). This study used a 2 (Positive mood/negative mood) × 2 (High arousal/low arousal) within-subject design with 544 undergraduate students recruited from a large northeastern university in the United States. Results showed that happy films and high arousal films were preferred over sad films and low-arousal films, respectively. In terms of gender differences, female viewers reported a greater preference than male viewers for happy-mood films. Also, male viewers reported a greater preference for high-arousal films compared to female viewers, and female viewers reported a greater preference for low-arousal films compared to male viewers. Finally, high sensation seekers reported a preference for high-arousal films. Implications for research design and importance of exploring media characteristics are discussed.

scholarly journals Azathioprine immunosuppression and disease modification in Parkinson’s disease (AZA-PD): a randomised double-blind placebo-controlled phase II trial protocol

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. e040527
Author(s):  
Julia C Greenland ◽  
Emma Cutting ◽  
Sonakshi Kadyan ◽  
Simon Bond ◽  
Anita Chhabra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Phase Ii ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Positron Emission Tomography Imaging ◽  
Clinical Markers ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Immunosuppressant Medication

IntroductionThe immune system is implicated in the aetiology and progression of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Inflammation and immune activation occur both in the brain and in the periphery, and a proinflammatory cytokine profile is associated with more rapid clinical progression. Furthermore, the risk of developing PD is related to genetic variation in immune-related genes and reduced by the use of immunosuppressant medication. We are therefore conducting a ‘proof of concept’ trial of azathioprine, an immunosuppressant medication, to investigate whether suppressing the peripheral immune system has a disease-modifying effect in PD.Methods and analysisAZA-PD is a phase II randomised placebo-controlled double-blind trial in early PD. Sixty participants, with clinical markers indicating an elevated risk of disease progression and no inflammatory or immune comorbidity, will be treated (azathioprine:placebo, 1:1) for 12 months, with a further 6-month follow-up. The primary outcome is the change in the Movement Disorder Society-Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale gait/axial score in the OFF state over the 12-month treatment period. Exploratory outcomes include additional measures of motor and cognitive function, non-motor symptoms and quality of life. In addition, peripheral and central immune markers will be investigated through analysis of blood, cerebrospinal fluid and PK-11195 positron emission tomography imaging.Ethics and disseminationThe study was approved by the London-Westminster research ethics committee (reference 19/LO/1705) and has been accepted by the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) for a clinical trials authorisation (reference CTA 12854/0248/001–0001). In addition, approval has been granted from the Administration of Radioactive Substances Advisory Committee. The results of this trial will be disseminated through publication in scientific journals and presentation at national and international conferences, and a lay summary will be available on our website.Trial registration numbersISRCTN14616801 and EudraCT- 2018-003089-14.

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