scholarly journals Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG) Up-Regulates wnt5b and wnt7b in the Mammary Gland, and hCGβ Transgenic Female Mice Present with Mammary Gland Tumors Exhibiting Characteristics of the Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway Activation

Endocrinology ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 148 (8) ◽  
pp. 3694-3703 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aino Kuorelahti ◽  
Susana Rulli ◽  
Ilpo Huhtaniemi ◽  
Matti Poutanen
Keyword(s):  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Chorionic Gonadotropin ◽  
Human Chorionic Gonadotropin ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Mammary Tumorigenesis ◽  
Mouse Mammary Gland ◽  
Common Finding ◽  
Mammary Gland Tumors ◽  
Mammary Gland Tissue ◽  
Multiple Neoplasms

Transgenic (TG) mice expressing human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) β-subunit under the ubiquitin C promoter, presenting with a moderately elevated level of LH/hCG bioactivity develop multiple neoplasms secondary to the endocrine abnormalities, including mammary gland tumors after the age of 9 months. The increased levels of circulating estradiol, progesterone, and prolactin of the TG females after puberty boost the lobuloalveolar development in the mammary gland resulting ultimately in the formation of estrogen and progesterone receptor-negative, malignant tumors. These tumors have a similar histopathology with those observed in TG mice with activated wnt/β-catenin pathway, showing increased expression of β-catenin, also a common finding in human breast tumors. Transdifferentiation is observed in mammary tumors of the hCGβ TG mice, accompanied by abnormal expression of the Wnt genes in the tumorous and nontumorous mammary gland tissue. Specifically we found increased expression of Wnt5b in the TG mammary glands at the age of 3 months and up-regulation of Wnt7b and -5b in the subsequently appearing tumors. Importantly, hCG was found to up-regulate these wnt ligands in mouse mammary gland, independent of the changes in ovarian steroidogenesis. Thus, the hCGβ-overexpressing TG mice represent a novel model that links enhanced hCG action to dysregulated wnt signaling in the mammary gland, resulting in β-catenin-stabilizing mammary tumorigenesis. The novel finding of hCG up-regulating wnt7b and wnt5b could contribute to pregnancy-induced breast cancer in humans.

scholarly journals Reproductive Disturbances, Pituitary Lactotrope Adenomas, and Mammary Gland Tumors in Transgenic Female Mice Producing High Levels of Human Chorionic Gonadotropin

Endocrinology ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 143 (10) ◽  
pp. 4084-4095 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susana B. Rulli ◽  
Aino Kuorelahti ◽  
Öznur Karaer ◽  
Lauri J. Pelliniemi ◽  
Matti Poutanen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Chorionic Gonadotropin ◽  
Human Chorionic Gonadotropin ◽  
Female Mice ◽  
Mammary Gland Tumors

A STUDY ON THE EFFECT OF INSULIN ON DNA, RNA AND PROTEIN SYNTHESIS IN MOUSE MAMMARY GLAND TISSUE IN ORGAN CULTURE

1971 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 241-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Y. WANG ◽  
VICKY AMOR
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Organ Culture ◽  
Mouse Mammary Gland ◽  
Metabolic Inhibitors ◽  
Synthetic Activity ◽  
Insulin Stimulation ◽  
Mammary Gland Tissue ◽  
Gland Tissue ◽  
Rna And Protein Synthesis

SUMMARY The rates of synthesis of DNA, RNA and protein of mouse mammary gland explants in organ culture have been determined. Stimulation with insulin resulted in maximal rates of synthesis of these components, all occurring between 18 and 22 h of culture. The use of metabolic inhibitors of DNA, RNA or protein synthesis showed that after insulin stimulation, inhibition of any one of these processes was associated with a reduction in the synthesis of the other two components. Also the maximal rate of protein synthesis is governed by the net amount of RNA formed throughout the period of culture. Evidence is presented that the stimulation of DNA, RNA or protein synthesis by insulin is not due to increased transport of amino acids and that insulin appears to act rapidly on processes which subsequently lead to enhanced synthetic activity.

Occult neurohypophyseal germinomas in patients presenting with central diabetes insipidus

1998 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. E8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsutomu Kato ◽  
Yutaka Sawamura ◽  
Mitsuhiro Tada ◽  
Jun-ichi Murata ◽  
Hiroshi Abe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Diabetes Insipidus ◽  
Chorionic Gonadotropin ◽  
Human Chorionic Gonadotropin ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Common Finding ◽  
Initial Symptom ◽  
Mr Images ◽  
Gh Secretion ◽  
Human Chorionic Gonadotropin Beta

Although neurohypophyseal germinoma is known be a common initial symptom in cases of diabetes insipidus (DI), its radiological detection may take months or years even by a high-resolution magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. The term “occult neurohypophyseal germinoma” denotes such cases, but its clinical picture remains obscure. Of seven patients with neurohypophyseal germinoma presenting with DI during the last 5 years, three patients showed no evidence of tumor at the onset of DI and were treated as “idiopathic” DI. Neurohypophyseal germinoma was eventually diagnosed in these three patients as the tumor became evident on sequential MR imaging studies and the patients were successfully treated with chemotherapy and radiation therapy. To delineate the clinical features of the occult neurohypophyseal germinoma, the authors analyzed endocrinological aspects and MR images in these patients and compared them with those in two patients with true idiopathic DI and four patients with overt neurohypophyseal germinoma and DI. Nine previously reported cases in the literature were reviewed. During the stage at which the germinoma gave no notable change on MR images, patients often displayed anterior pituitary dysfunction, particularly growth hormone (GH) deficiency, or an elevation of serum or cerebrospinal fluid human chorionic gonadotropin-beta. Preceding the appearance of an obvious tumor mass, a slight swelling of the pituitary stalk with loss of normal hyperintensity of the posterior pituitary lobe was a common finding on MR imaging. Central DI associated either with an enlarged stalk, decreased GH secretion, or an elevated serum human chorionic gonadotropin-beta should prompt the diagnosis of an occult germinoma.

scholarly journals Диференційна діагностика пухлин молочних залоз у кішок

2013 ◽  
pp. 178-182
Author(s):  
К. Л. Виговська
Keyword(s):  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Therapeutic Targets ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Mixed Structure ◽  
Malignant Tumours ◽  
Solid Structure ◽  
Mammary Gland Tumors

Наведені дані, отримані в результаті клінікогістологічних досліджень пухлин молочних залоз кішок. У досліджені брали участь 79 тварин віком від семи місяців до вісімнадцяти років, які поступали на прийом із приводу новоутворень молочної залози. Гістологічні дослідження пухлин молочної залози підтвердили діагноз: доброякісні пухлини: 10 – фіброаденоматози, 4 – кістози, 6 – аденоматози, 7 – змішаної будови, 52 злоякісні пухлини (аденокарциноми). З-поміж злоякісних пухлин виділено зразки інфільтруючого та неінфільтруючого раку, що має тубулярну, папілярну або солідну структуру. Гістологічні дослідження дають можливість прогнозувати перебіг захворювання, а у випадку злоякісних пухлин планувати адекватні лікувальні прийоми для збереження здоров'я тварин або для поліпшення якості їх життя. The article represents results of clinical and histological researches of cats mammary tumours. 79 animals from 7 months to 18 years old brought in the clinic with mammary gland tumors took part in research. Histological researches of tumors confirmed a diagnosis: benign tumors: 10 – fibroadenomatose, 4 – lobular, 6 – of adenomatose, 7 – the mixed structure, 52 malignant tumors (adenocarcinomas). Among malignant tumours the standards of infiltrative and noninfiltrative carcinoma which have tubular, papillar or solid structure, are selected. Histological researches are enable to prognosticate disease activity, and in the case of malignant tumours to plan adequate therapeutic targets for the maintainance of health of animals or for the improvement of quality of their life.

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