scholarly journals Tissue Kallikrein Reverses Insulin Resistance and Attenuates Nephropathy in Diabetic Rats by Activation of Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase/Protein Kinase B and Adenosine 5′-Monophosphate-Activated Protein Kinase Signaling Pathways

Endocrinology ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 148 (5) ◽  
pp. 2016-2026 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gang Yuan ◽  
Juanjuan Deng ◽  
Tao Wang ◽  
Chunxia Zhao ◽  
Xizheng Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Protein Kinase B ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Tissue Kallikrein ◽  
Kinase Signaling ◽  
Phosphatidylinositol 3 Kinase ◽  
Protein Kinase Signaling ◽  
Phosphatidylinositol 3

scholarly journals Vitamin D3 Activates Phosphatidylinositol-3-Kinase/Protein Kinase B via Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 to Improve Testicular Function in Diabetic Rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Yanyan He ◽  
Yang Liu ◽  
Qing-Zhu Wang ◽  
Feng Guo ◽  
Fengjuan Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Protein Kinase B ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Testicular Function ◽  
Insulin Like Growth Factor ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Phosphatidylinositol 3 Kinase ◽  
Phosphatidylinositol 3

Objective. In diabetes mellitus, vitamin D3 deficiency affects sex hormone levels and male fertility; however, the mechanism leading to the disorder is unclear. This research was designed to investigate the mechanism of vitamin D3 deficiency and hypogonadism in diabetic rats. Our aim was to assess serum vitamin D3 levels and the relationship among vitamin D3, insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), and testicular function. Materials and Methods. Rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes were randomly divided into four groups and treated with different doses of vitamin D3: no vitamin D3, low (0.025 μg/kg/day), high (0.1 μg/kg/day), and high (0.1 μg/kg/day) with JB-1 (the insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor inhibitor group, 100 μg/kg/day). The groups were compared with wild-type rats, which function as the control group. Various parameters such as vitamin D3 and IGF-1 were compared between the experimental and wild-type groups, and their correlations were determined. Results. Twelve weeks of vitamin D3 supplementation improved the testosterone levels, as shown by the increase in the level of serum IGF-1 in diabetic rats. Phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT), which was a downstream of the signaling pathway of IGF-1, was significantly increased after vitamin D3 treatment. Conclusions. The study shows that vitamin D3 may promote the expression of testosterone and improve testicular function in diabetic rats by activating PI3K/AKT via IGF-1.

Berberine Exerts Anti-cancer Activity by Modulating Adenosine Monophosphate-Activated Protein Kinase (AMPK) and the Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase/Protein Kinase B (PI3K/AKT) Signaling Pathways

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Huang ◽  
Wei Feng ◽  
Shanshan Li ◽  
Huiling Tang ◽  
Siru Qin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Protein Kinase B ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Adenosine Monophosphate ◽  
Akt Signaling ◽  
Phosphatidylinositol 3 Kinase ◽  
Pubmed Database ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Phosphatidylinositol 3

Background: The antagonistic relationship between adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/AKT) signaling play a vital role in cancer development. The anti-cancer effects of berberine have been reported as a main component of the traditional Chinese medicine Rhizoma coptidis, although the roles of these signaling pathways in these effects have not been systematically reviewed. Methods: We searched the PubMed database for studies with keywords including [“berberine”] and [“tumor” or “cancer”] and [“AMPK”] or [“AKT”] published between January 2010 and July 2020, to elucidate the roles of the AMPK and PI3K/AKT pathways and their upstream and downstream targets in the anti-cancer effects of berberine. Results: The anti-cancer effects of berberine include inhibition of cancer cell proliferation, promotion of apoptosis and autophagy in cancer cells, and prevention of metastasis and angiogenesis. The mechanism of these effects involves multiple cell kinases and signaling pathways, including activation of AMPK and forkhead box transcription factor O3a (FOXO3a), accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and inhibition of the activity of PI3K/AKT, rapamycin (mTOR) and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB). Most of these mechanisms converge on regulation of the balance of AMPK and PI3K/AKT signaling by berberine. Conclusion: This evidence supports the possibility that berberine is a promising anti-cancer natural product, with pharmaceutical potential in inhibiting cancer growth, metastasis and angiogenesis via multiple pathways, particularly by regulating the balance of AMPK and PI3K/AKT signaling. However, systematic preclinical studies are still required to provide scientific evidence for further clinical studies.

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