scholarly journals Partial Reversibility of Growth Hormone (GH) Deficiency in the GH-Releasing Hormone (GHRH) Knockout Mouse by Postnatal Treatment with a GHRH Analog

Endocrinology ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 146 (3) ◽  
pp. 1506-1513 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Alba ◽  
Andrew V. Schally ◽  
Roberto Salvatori
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Knockout Mouse ◽  
Gh Deficiency ◽  
Releasing Hormone ◽  
Postnatal Treatment

Reproducibility of the growth hormone response to stimulation with growth hormone-releasing hormone plus arginine during lifespan

1996 ◽  
Vol 135 (5) ◽  
pp. 568-572 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Rosa Valetto ◽  
Jaele Bellone ◽  
Claudia Baffoni ◽  
Paola Savio ◽  
Gianluca Aimaretti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Gh Deficiency ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Individual Variability ◽  
Hormone Response ◽  
Female Age ◽  
Releasing Hormone ◽  
Gh Secretion ◽  
Subject Variability ◽  
Within Subject Variability

Valetto MR, Bellone J, Baffoni C, Savio P, Aimaretti G, Gianotti L, Arvat E, Camanni F, Ghigo E. Reproducibility of the growth hormone response to stimulation with growth hormone-releasing hormone plus arginine during lifespan. Eur J Endocrinol 1996;135:568–72. ISSN 0804–4643 The reliability and reproducibility of provocative stimuli of growth hormone (GH) secretion in the diagnosis of GH deficiency are still controversial both in childhood and in adulthood. The combined administration of GH-releasing hormone (GHRH) and arginine (ARG), which likely acts via inhibition of hypothalamic somatostatin release, is one of the most potent stimuli known so far and has been proposed recently as the best test to explore the maximal somatotrope capacity of somatotrope cells. However, it is well known that, usually, provocative stimuli of GH secretion suffer from poor reproducibility and that of the GHRH + ARG test has still to be verified. We aimed to verify the between- and within-subject variability of the GH response to the GHRH + ARG test in normal subjects during their lifespan as well as in hypopituitaric patients with GH deficiency (GHD). In 10 normal children (C: six male and four female, age 12.3 ± 0.9 years, body mass index (BMI) = 16.6 ± 0.7 kg/m2, pubertal stages I-III), 18 normal young adults (Y: ten male and eight female, age 31.1 ± 1.3 years, BMI = 21.4 ± 0.4 kg/m2), 12 normal elderly subjects (E: two male and ten female, age 74.4 ± 1.8 years, BMI= 22.6 ± 0.6 kg/m2) and 15 panhypopituitaric GH-deficient patients (GHD: nine male and six female, age 40.9 ± 4.1 years, BMI= 22.7 ± 1.0 kg/m2), we studied the inter- and intra-individual variability of the GH response to GHRH (1 μg/kg iv) + ARG (0.5 g/kg iv) in two different sessions at least 3 days apart. The GH responses to GHRH + ARG in C (1st vs 2nd session: 61.6 ± 8.1 vs 66.5 ± 9.4 μg/l), Y (70.4 ± 10.1 vs 76.2 ± 10.7 μg/l) and E (57.9 ± 14.8 vs 52.1 ± 8.0 μg/l) were similar and reproducible in all groups. The somatotrope responsiveness to GHRH + ARG also showed a limited within-subject variability (r = 0.71, 0.90 and 0.89 and p < 0.02, 0.0005 and 0.0005 for C, Y and E, respectively). Similarly in GHD, the GH response to the GHRH + ARG test showed a good inter- (1st vs 2nd session: 2.3 ± 0.5 vs 2.2 ± 0.6 μg/l) and intra-individual reproducibility (r = 0.70, p < 0.005). The GHRH + ARG-induced GH responses in GHD were markedly lower (p < 0.0005) than those in age-matched controls and no overlap was found between GH peak responses in GHD and normal subjects. In normal subjects, the GH response to GHRH + ARG is very marked, independent of age and shows limited inter- and intra-individual variability. The GH response to the GHRH + ARG test is strikingly reduced in panhypopituitaric patients with GHD, in whom the low somatotrope responsiveness is reproducible. Thus, these findings strengthen the hypothesis that GHRH + ARG should be considered the most reliable test to evaluate the maximal secretory capacity of somatotrope cells and to distinguish normal subjects from GHD patients in adulthood. E. Ghigo, Divisione di Endocrinologia, Ospedale Molinette, C.so Dogliotti 14, 10126, Torino, Italy

Growth hormone-releasing hormone in the diagnosis and treatment of growth hormone deficient children

1986 ◽  
Vol 113 (4_Suppl) ◽  
pp. S123-S129
Author(s):  
R.J.M. ROSS ◽  
A. GROSSMAN ◽  
G.M. BESSER ◽  
M.O. SAVAGE
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Linear Growth ◽  
Gh Deficiency ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Alternative Therapy ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Growth Hormone Releasing Hormone ◽  
Releasing Hormone ◽  
Gh Secretion ◽  
Depot Preparations

ABSTRACT A growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) has recently been extracted and synthesised, and appears to be identical to human hypothalamic GHRH. Immunoreactive GHRH is found in the venous blood of normal subjects and GH-deficient children, but is probably not hypothalamic in origin and therefore not important in GH regulation. GHRH is a potent specific stimulator of GH secretion in man, and provides a valuable diagnostic test in differentiating hypothalamic from pituitary causes of GH deficiency. Preliminary data suggests that GHRH may promote linear growth in some GH deficient children. GHRH may well prove an important alternative therapy for GH deficient children especially if depot preparations or intranasal administration prove effective.

Sex hormone priming prior to the combined hypoglycaemia test

1986 ◽  
Vol 113 (4_Suppl) ◽  
pp. S60-S65 ◽  
Author(s):  
WILLIAM HAMILTON ◽  
MOHSEN M. KHATTAB
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Clinical Response ◽  
Steroid Hormones ◽  
Gh Deficiency ◽  
Sex Steroid ◽  
Synthetic Analogue ◽  
Plasma Growth Hormone ◽  
Releasing Hormone ◽  
Deficiency State

Abstract The insulin hypoglycaemia test (IHT) was performed on 3 groups of short statured children. One group was unprimed with sex steroid hormones, a second group received 17β-oestradiol, while a third group received testosterone. The dosage of insulin was adjusted to produce a nadir in blood glucose of ⇋ 1 mmol/L. When this level is achieved plasma growth hormone (GH) responses less than 10 mU/L are not improved by either priming procedure. It is suggested from the data that there is no place for a diagnosis of a partial GH deficiency state. When the IHT is combined with Gn-RH and TRH infusion the data derived may indicate GH-RH deficiency alone or additionally a CRF deficiency. Alternatively a pituitary insensitivity to these releasing substances or a pituitary synthetic failure of all trophic hormones may be adduced. Unless a releasing hormone is deficient and the pituitary is shown to be able to respond to its synthetic analogue, treatment with the available analogues will fail to give the desired clinical response.

Serum leptin and body composition in children with familial GH deficiency (GHD) due to a mutation in the growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) receptor

1999 ◽  
Vol 51 (5) ◽  
pp. 559-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elenilde S. De A. Barretto ◽  
Matthew S. Gill ◽  
Maria E. S. De Freitas ◽  
Marta M. G. Magalhães ◽  
Anita H. O. Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Gh Deficiency ◽  
Growth Hormone Releasing Hormone ◽  
Serum Leptin ◽  
Releasing Hormone ◽  
Ghrh Receptor

Results of 1-Year Growth Hormone (GH)-Releasing Hormone-(1-44) Treatment on Growth, Somatomedin-C, and 24-Hour GH Secretion in Six Children with Partial GH Deficiency

1987 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 268-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
PIERRE E. ROCHICCIOLI ◽  
MARIE-THÈRÉSE TAUBER ◽  
FRANQOISXAVIER COUDE ◽  
MICHÉLE ARNONE ◽  
MICHEL MORRE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Gh Deficiency ◽  
Somatomedin C ◽  
Releasing Hormone ◽  
Gh Secretion

Growth Hormone (GH) Release During the GH-Releasing Hormone (GHRH) Test in Children with Idiopathic Isolated (IGHD) or Multiple (MGHD) GH-Deficiency

1989 ◽  
Vol 21 (12) ◽  
pp. 689-689
Author(s):  
L. Cavallo ◽  
N. Laforgia ◽  
A. Acquafredda ◽  
R. Russo ◽  
C. Zecchino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Gh Deficiency ◽  
Releasing Hormone ◽  
Ghrh Test

Somatostatin withdrawal alone is an ineffective generator of pulsatile growth hormone release in man

1993 ◽  
Vol 129 (5) ◽  
pp. 414-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Jean Ho ◽  
Gad B Kletter ◽  
Nancy J Hopwood ◽  
Roberta DeMott Friberg ◽  
Ariel L Barkan
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Gh Deficiency ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Hormone Release ◽  
Growth Hormone Release ◽  
Growth Hormone Releasing Hormone ◽  
Gh Therapy ◽  
Releasing Hormone

To assess the relative roles of growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) pulse and somatostatin withdrawal as potential generators of pulsatile growth hormone (GH) release in humans, we studied GH responses to iv bolus GHRH (1 μg/kg) and to termination of a 4 h iv somatostatin infusion (7.2 μg·kg−1·h−1) in five normal young men, and in five men with previously diagnosed isolated GH deficiency. The patients were diagnosed 8–15 years previously on the basis of typical auxological and hormonal criteria, were treated with exogenous GH and were off GH therapy for 1.5–8.9 years prior to this study. Growth hormone rises to a bolus GHRH were similar between the controls and the patients (maximum GH 27.3±15.3 vs 8.0±4.0 μg/l). The controls exhibited only a small GH rise to somatostatin withdrawal (maximum GH 2.9±1.2 μg/l), while the patients did not (maximum GH 0.7±0.1 μg/l; p<0.05). We conclude that somatostatin withdrawal by itself is an ineffective promoter of GH pulsatility. Periodic quiescence of somatostatinergic neurons must be associated with a concomitant GHRH pulse in order to result in a robust GH pulse.

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