Measurement Apparatus

2017 ◽  
pp. 227-384
Author(s):  
Stanislaw Zurek
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Apparatus

scholarly journals Identification of the Major Noise Energy Sources in Rail Vehicles Moving at a Speed of 200 km/h

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (13) ◽  
pp. 3957
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Polak ◽  
Jarosław Korzeb
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Research ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Dominant Source ◽  
Railway Vehicles ◽  
Measurement Apparatus ◽  
Rail Vehicles ◽  
Noise Energy ◽  
Rolling Noise ◽  
Multiple Units

In this work, the problematic identification of the main sources of noise occurring from the exploitation of railway vehicles moving at a speed of 200 km/h were analyzed. Within the conducted experimental research, the testing fields were appointed, measurement apparatus selected, and a methodology for conducting measurements was defined, including the assessment of noise on a curve and straight track for electric multiple units of the so-called Pendolino, an Alstom type ETR610 series ED25 train. The measurements were made using a microphone camera Bionic S-112 at a distance of 22 m from the track axis. As a result of the conducted experimental research, it was indicated that the noise resulting from vibrations arising at the wheel-rail contact (rolling noise) was the dominant source of sound.

scholarly journals QUANTUM MEASUREMENTS, INFORMATION AND ENTROPY PRODUCTION

1999 ◽  
Vol 13 (28) ◽  
pp. 3369-3382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. N. SRIVASTAVA ◽  
G. VITIELLO ◽  
A. WIDOM
Keyword(s):  
Entropy Production ◽  
Information Entropy ◽  
Quantum Measurements ◽  
Second Law ◽  
Quantum Object ◽  
Measurement Apparatus ◽  
Thermodynamic Entropy ◽  
Classical Measurement ◽  
The Relationship

In order to understand the Landau–Lifshitz conjecture on the relationship between quantum measurements and the thermodynamic second law, we discuss the notion of "diabatic" and "adiabatic" forces exerted by the quantum object on the classical measurement apparatus. The notion of heat and work in measurements is made manifest in this approach and the relationship between information entropy and thermodynamic entropy is explored.

scholarly journals A high-field bipolar loss measurement apparatus

1981 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 962-966
Author(s):  
P. Thullen ◽  
D. Weldon ◽  
J. Wollan
Keyword(s):  
High Field ◽  
Loss Measurement ◽  
Measurement Apparatus

Gauging the earth

2013 ◽  
Vol 97 (540) ◽  
pp. 413-420
Author(s):  
John D. Mahony
Keyword(s):  
Approximate Formula ◽  
Deflection Angle ◽  
School Science ◽  
Science Department ◽  
Measurement Apparatus ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Interesting Discussion ◽  
Simple Measurement ◽  
The Deflection Angle

In an earlier note by W. J. A. Colman [1], the reader was treated to an interesting discussion concerning a BBC programme about the earth's radius in the context of endeavours to determine it by an 11th century Persian mathematician, Al-Biruni. At the same time a modem but approximate formula that might not have been available to the ancients was proposed for the radius and, following that account, it is the purpose here to explore just how accurately one might determine the earth's radius using this formula together with a simple measurement apparatus (not a sophisticated astrolabe) that might be constructed from materials found in the garage of any DIY handyman, or indeed, in the laboratory of any school science department. A schematic for the configuration of an observer P at a height h above the earth (of radius R) where the deflection angle to the horizon is denoted by θ, is shown in Figure 1. Also shown in the figure is a ‘sighting tube’ of length L about which more will be said later.

scholarly journals Simultaneous Measurement of BRDF and Surface Curvature by using Pattern Illumination

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (28) ◽  
pp. 356-360
Author(s):  
Shinichi Inoue ◽  
Norimichi Tsumura
Keyword(s):  
Simultaneous Measurement ◽  
Convex Surface ◽  
Incident Light ◽  
Radius Of Curvature ◽  
Measurement Apparatus ◽  
Planar Surfaces ◽  
Angle Of Reflection ◽  
Bidirectional Reflection Distribution Function ◽  
Bidirectional Reflection ◽  
Normal Angle

In this study, we propose the simultaneous measurement method of the bidirectional reflection distribution function (BRDF) and the radius of curvature by using pattern illumination. For nonplanar objects, the angle of reflection light changes according to the surface normal angle of curved object. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the effects of curved surfaces when measuring the BRDF on non-planar surfaces. We suppose a convex surface that can be represented by a constant radius of curvature. The pattern of illumination was generated by placing the illumination mask with pattern apertures in the incident light path of the BRDF measurement apparatus in which the incident light is collimated light. We developed the measurement apparatus. We measured four types of sample with different BRDFs on three different radiuses of curvature. The results showed that the BRDF and the radius of curvature can be measured simultaneously by using the pattern illumination.

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